AP Biology Test #3b - Meiosis And Mendelian Genetics
Mendelian inheritance is the manner by which genes and traits are passed from parents to their children, which can depend on genetics. Genetic variation is usually increased by meiosis. Take up this comprehensive test on Mendelian genetics and Meiosis process and get to learn more about human genetics. Have fun!
- 1.The following human pedigree shows the inheritance of the recessive trait for albinism. The gene for normal pigment production is designated as N, the gene for albinism, n, circles are females and squares, males. Red figures represent individuals with albinism, blue are normal pigmentation.The probability that the next child with parents II - 7 and II - 8 will be a male with albinism is?
- A.
1/8
- B.
1/4
- C.
1/2
- D.
1/16
- E.
1/64
- 2.The probable genotype of individual II -4 is
- A.
NN only
- B.
Nn or NN
- C.
NN or Nn
- D.
Nn or nn
- E.
Nn only
- 3.The probable genotypes of the parents I -1 and I -2 are:
- A.
NN and NN
- B.
Nn and Nn
- C.
NN and Nn
- D.
Nn and Nn
- E.
NN and nn
- 4.Red-headed people frequently have freckles. This is best explained by which of the following?
- A.
The genes for these two traits are linked on the same chromosome.
- B.
The genes for these two traits are sex-linked.
- C.
Nondisjunction occurs frequently with chromosomes bearing these traits
- D.
Alleles for these two traits are codominant
- E.
Both parents have red hair and freckles
- 5.The inheritance of skin color in humans is an example of which of the following?
- A.
Pleiotropy
- B.
Codominance
- C.
Epistasis
- D.
Polygenic inheritance
- E.
Gene linkage
- 6.For the cross AABBCCDd X AAbbCcDd, what is the probability that an offspring will be AABbCcDd?
- A.
1/16
- B.
1/8
- C.
1/4
- D.
3/8
- E.
1/2
- 7.What are the possible blood types of the offspring of a cross between individuals that are AB and type O? (Hint blood type is recessive)
- A.
AB or O
- B.
A, B, or O
- C.
A, B, AB, or O
- D.
A, B, or AB
- E.
A or B
- 8.The exchange of segments of DNA between the members of a pair of chromosomes.
- A.
Ensures that variations within a species never occur.
- B.
Acts as a source of variations within a species.
- C.
Always produces genetic disorders.
- D.
Is called crossing.
- 9.Crossing-over occurs?
- A.
During prophase ll.
- B.
During fertilization.
- C.
During prophase l.
- D.
At the centromere.
- 10.Segregation of alleles does NOT occur in which of the following groups of organisms?
- A.
Flowering plants.
- B.
Insects.
- C.
Flatworms.
- D.
Bacteria.
- E.
Ferns.
- 11.All of the following are true statements about meiosis in mammals EXCEPT?
- A.
It serves as a factor in bringing about variation among offspring.
- B.
It follows DNA replication.
- C.
It occurs only in reproductive structures.
- D.
It produces cells with the haploid number of chromosomes.
- E.
It produces four genetically identical gametes.
- 12.In fruit flies, vermillion eyes are a sex-linked recessive characteristic. If a vermillion-eyed female is crossed with a wild-type male, what proportion of the male offspring should have vermillion eyes?
- A.
0%
- B.
25%
- C.
60%
- D.
75%
- E.
100%
- 13.If 2n = 48 for a particular cell, then the chromosome number in each cell after meiosis would be
- A.
96
- B.
48
- C.
24
- D.
12
- E.
6
- 14.Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes containing genes that code for
- A.
Different traits.
- B.
Same traits.
- C.
DNA.
- D.
Cytosol.
- 15.Normal humans males develop from fertilized eggs containing which of the following sex chromosome combinations?
- A.
XY
- B.
XX
- C.
XO
- D.
OO
- 16.The diploid number of chromosomes in a human skin cells is 46. The number of chromosomes found in a human ovum (egg) is
- A.
46
- B.
92
- C.
23
- D.
12.5
- 17.A human cell in prophase of mitosis can be distinguished from human cell in prophase l of meiosis by the presence of
- A.
Kinetochres in the mitotic cell .
- B.
A spindle in the mitotic cell.
- C.
Twice as many chromosomes in the meiotic cell
- D.
Half as many chromosomes in the meiotic cell.
- E.
Paired homologous chromosomes in the meiotic cell.
- 18.The analysis of a set of person's chromosomes is called?
- A.
Centromere
- B.
Centrosome
- C.
Karyotype
- D.
Amniocentesis
- 19.
The individual shown below probably suffers from the genetic disorder known as- A.
Turner's syndrome
- B.
Fragile X syndrome
- C.
Supermale syndrome
- D.
Down's syndrome
- 20.
Examine the pedigree chart below the genetic trait shown(colored in black) is most probably caused by a
- A.
Dominant set of alleles
- B.
Recessive set of alleles
- C.
A sex linked recessive trait
- D.
A sex-linked dominant trait
- E.
A mutational disorder
- 21.The relative location of four genes on a chromosome can be mapped from the following data on crossing over frequencies.B and D 5%C and A 15%A and B 30%C and B 45%C and D 50%Which of the following represents the relative position of these four genes on the chromosome?
- A.
ABCD
- B.
ADCB
- C.
CABD
- D.
CBAD
- E.
DBCA
- 22.In humans, gametes contain
- A.
22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome.
- B.
1 autosome and 22 sex chromosomess.
- C.
45 autosome and 1 sex chromosome.
- D.
1 autosome and 45 sex chromosomes.
- 23.Trisomy is a mutation that results in a cell having an extra
- A.
Nitrogen base.
- B.
Codon.
- C.
Chromosome.
- D.
Gene.
- 24.
Examine the pedigree chart belowThe genetic trait shown(colored in blue) is most probably caused by a
- A.
An autosomal dominant set of alleles
- B.
An autosomal recessive set of alleles
- C.
A sex linked recessive trait
- D.
A sex linked dominant trait
- 25.In most vertebrates, the sperm cell normally contributes which of the following to the new organism?
- A.
Many mitochondria.
- B.
Significant amounts of RNA.
- C.
A haploid complement of chromosomes.
- D.
Most of the cytoplasm of the zygote.
- E.
Two sex chromosomes
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