Anatomy & Physiology Review 2: Medical Terminology

The term "oste/o" refers to bone. This is commonly used as a prefix or combining form in medical terminology to indicate a relationship or involvement with bones. For example, osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones. Therefore, the correct answer is bone.

The suffix "-phonia" refers to a condition or disorder related to sound or voice. It is derived from the Greek word "phone" which means sound or voice. Therefore, the correct answer is "sound, voice" as both words accurately represent the meaning of the suffix.

Tachycardia refers to a fast heart rate, which is the correct answer. Tachycardia is a condition where the heart beats faster than normal, typically exceeding 100 beats per minute. It can be caused by various factors such as stress, exercise, medications, or underlying medical conditions. Tachycardia can lead to symptoms like palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, and chest pain. Treatment for tachycardia depends on the underlying cause and may include medications, lifestyle changes, or medical procedures.

The prefix "syn-" means "together" or "with", and it is commonly used to indicate a union or combination of elements. In this context, "syn-" suggests that the word or concept it is attached to involves bringing things together or joining them in some way. Therefore, the correct answer is "together, with, union".

The given words "pepsia" and "digestion" are related as "pepsia" is a medical term used to describe a condition related to digestion. Additionally, "to digest" is a verb that refers to the process of breaking down food in the digestive system. Therefore, the correct answer is "digestion, to digest" as both terms are connected to the process of breaking down and absorbing food in the body.

The prefix "epi-" can mean "above" or "upon". It is used to indicate a position or location that is higher or on top of something else. Therefore, the correct answer is "above, upon".

The given answer is "protein, proteins". This is because "globin" is a protein that is found in hemoglobin, the molecule responsible for carrying oxygen in red blood cells. Therefore, "protein" and "proteins" are both correct answers as they accurately describe the category to which "globin" belongs.

The term "-phagia" refers to the act of eating or swallowing. It is commonly used in medical terminology to describe conditions or disorders related to the process of consuming food. The suffix "-phagia" is derived from the Greek word "phagein" which means "to eat". Therefore, both "eating" and "swallowing" accurately represent the meaning of "-phagia".

The term "chondr/o" refers to cartilage. Cartilage is a tough, flexible connective tissue found in various parts of the body, such as the joints, ears, nose, and trachea. It provides support and cushioning to the bones and helps in smooth movement of joints. The suffix "-o" is commonly used in medical terminology to indicate a condition or structure. Therefore, "chondr/o" specifically refers to cartilage.

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Atrophy refers to the decrease in the size or function of a tissue or organ. When there is no growth, it means that there is no increase in size, and this can lead to a decrease in size over time. Atrophy can occur due to various reasons such as disuse, lack of nutrients, or aging. Therefore, the given answer "atrophy" accurately describes the condition of no growth leading to a decrease in size.

The suffix "-ous" is used to form adjectives that mean "pertaining to" or "full of." It is added to the end of a noun or verb to create a word that describes something as being related to or characterized by the root word. For example, "dangerous" means "pertaining to danger" and "joyous" means "full of joy." Therefore, the correct answer "pertaining to" accurately describes the meaning of the suffix "-ous."

The suffix "-oid" is used to form adjectives that mean "resembling" or "like." It is added to a noun to describe something that is similar in appearance or characteristics to that noun. For example, "android" means "resembling a human" and "spheroid" means "shaped like a sphere." Therefore, the correct answer "resembling, like" accurately describes the meaning of the suffix "-oid."

The words "near" and "beside" are both prepositions that indicate proximity or closeness to something. They can be used interchangeably to describe the position of something in relation to another object or location.

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The word "phoria" is a suffix that is used to describe a condition or state. In this case, it is combined with the word "feeling" and "mental state" to create two possible meanings. "Feeling" refers to an emotional or physical sensation, while "mental state" refers to a person's psychological or emotional condition. Both of these explanations align with the meaning of the suffix "-phoria," indicating that it is used to describe a feeling or mental state.

The prefix "intra-" means "within." It is used to indicate something that occurs or exists within a particular group, system, or area. For example, "intrauterine" means within the uterus, and "intramural" means within the walls of a structure.

The words "growth" and "development" both relate to the process of becoming larger, stronger, or more advanced. They can be used interchangeably in many contexts to describe the progress or improvement of something over time. Therefore, either word could be a suitable answer to this question.

Dyspepsia refers to difficult or painful digestion. It is a medical condition characterized by symptoms such as bloating, belching, nausea, and discomfort in the upper abdomen. This term is commonly used to describe indigestion or an upset stomach. So, the given answer "dyspepsia" accurately describes the condition of difficult or painful digestion.

The words "producing" and "forming" both refer to the act of creating or making something. They can be used interchangeably in many contexts. Therefore, either word can be considered as a correct answer for this question.

Aphonia refers to the condition of being unable to produce sound or having a lack of voice. It is characterized by the inability to speak or make any vocal sounds. This can be caused by various factors such as vocal cord paralysis, damage to the vocal cords, or psychological factors. Aphonia can be temporary or permanent depending on the underlying cause.

The word "-crine" is a suffix that is used to form words related to secretion. It is derived from the Greek word "krinein" which means "to separate" or "to secrete". Therefore, the correct answer is "to secrete" or "secrete", as it accurately represents the meaning of the suffix.

Dystocia refers to painful or abnormal labor. It is a medical term used to describe a difficult or prolonged labor that can be caused by various factors such as the size or position of the baby, problems with the mother's pelvis, or issues with the contractions. Dystocia can result in complications for both the mother and the baby, and may require medical intervention such as assisted delivery or cesarean section.

The word "stasis" means a state of stability or balance. The words "control" and "stop" both have similar meanings to "stasis" as they indicate the ability to regulate or halt something. Therefore, "control" and "stop" can be used as synonyms for "stasis".

The term "phoresis" refers to the transportation or carrying of something. Similarly, "transmission" also refers to the process of carrying or transferring something from one place to another. Both terms involve the concept of movement or transfer, making them closely related.

A leukocyte is a type of white blood cell. White blood cells are a crucial part of the immune system and play a vital role in fighting off infections and diseases. They are responsible for recognizing and destroying harmful substances such as bacteria, viruses, and abnormal cells. Leukocytes are produced in the bone marrow and are found in the bloodstream and other tissues of the body. Therefore, leukocyte is the correct answer as it is another term used to refer to white blood cells.

The term "hepatic" is used to describe something that is related to or associated with the liver. It is commonly used in medical terminology to refer to conditions, diseases, or treatments that involve the liver. Therefore, "hepatic" is the correct answer as it directly relates to the given phrase "pertaining to the liver."

The word "crit" is not a recognizable word in English. However, the phrase "to separate" is a common phrase that means to divide or split something into distinct parts. Therefore, it can be inferred that the correct answer for this question is "to separate" because it is the only option that makes sense in the given context.

The word "scopy" is derived from the Greek word "skopein" which means "to look" or "to view". Therefore, when we add the prefix "sc-" to "opy", it forms the word "scopy" which means the process of viewing or examining something.

The periosteum is a membrane that surrounds the bone. It consists of an outer fibrous layer and an inner cellular layer. The periosteum plays a crucial role in bone growth and repair, as it contains blood vessels and nerves that supply nutrients and oxygen to the bone. It also serves as an attachment point for tendons and ligaments, helping to stabilize the bone and facilitate movement. Overall, the periosteum acts as a protective covering for the bone, promoting its health and function.

Pancarditis refers to the inflammation of the entire heart, involving all layers of the heart, including the endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. This condition is usually caused by an infection, such as rheumatic fever or bacterial endocarditis, and can lead to symptoms such as chest pain, fever, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Pancarditis is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention and treatment to prevent complications and damage to the heart.

The suffix "-genic" is used to form adjectives that mean "producing" or "causing." The word "form" can be used as a noun or a verb, and it means to shape or create something. The word "produce" can also be used as a noun or a verb, and it means to make or create something. Both "form" and "produce" fit the definition of the suffix "-genic" as they can both be used to describe something that is capable of creating or producing something else.