Ah104 Wk3 Exam Review

Explanation
A 10% bleach solution qualifies as an effective disinfectant.

Explanation
Custodians, healthcare workers, and laboratory technicians are at risk of occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens because they come into contact with blood and other bodily fluids as part of their job responsibilities. These pathogens can be present in the blood of individuals who have infectious diseases such as HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Therefore, it is important for these professionals to take appropriate precautions to protect themselves from potential exposure, such as wearing personal protective equipment and following proper infection control protocols.

Explanation
Bloodborne pathogens are infectious microorganisms that can be present in blood and bodily fluids. These pathogens can be transmitted through direct contact with infected blood or bodily fluids, but they are not typically transmitted through casual contact such as kissing or handshakes. Therefore, the statement that bloodborne pathogens can be transmitted by kissing or handshakes is false.

Explanation
HBV can be transmitted through sexual activity. This is because the hepatitis B virus (HBV) can be present in the blood, semen, and vaginal fluids of an infected person. Therefore, engaging in unprotected sexual activity with an infected individual can lead to the transmission of HBV. It is important to practice safe sex and use barrier methods such as condoms to reduce the risk of transmission.

Explanation
The correct answer is 12 weeks because HBV (Hepatitis B Virus) has an incubation period of approximately 12 weeks. During this period, a person may be infected with the virus but not show any symptoms. After the incubation period, symptoms such as fatigue, abdominal pain, and jaundice may start to appear. It is important to note that the incubation period can vary from person to person, but 12 weeks is the average duration.

Explanation
The correct answer is 7 weeks because the incubation period of HCV, which stands for Hepatitis C Virus, is typically around 7 weeks. During this period, the virus replicates in the body and may not show any symptoms. After the incubation period, symptoms may start to appear, such as fatigue, jaundice, and abdominal pain. It is important to note that the incubation period can vary from person to person, ranging from 2 to 26 weeks.

Explanation
The correct answer is 12 weeks because HIV has a variable incubation period, which refers to the time between initial infection and the appearance of detectable antibodies in the blood. On average, it takes about 12 weeks or 3 months for HIV antibodies to develop and become detectable through standard testing methods. However, it is important to note that this period can vary from person to person, and in some cases, it may take longer for antibodies to be detectable. Therefore, it is recommended to get retested if there is a possibility of HIV exposure within the last 3 months, even if the initial test result is negative.

Explanation
The statement is false because weight gain, backaches, and red rashes are not symptoms of HCV (Hepatitis C Virus). Common symptoms of HCV include fatigue, fever, loss of appetite, nausea, and jaundice. Weight gain, backaches, and red rashes may be associated with other conditions or factors, but they are not directly related to HCV.

Explanation
Prescription eyeglasses do not count as personal protective equipment (PPE). PPE refers to equipment or clothing that is specifically designed to protect the wearer from potential hazards in the workplace. While prescription eyeglasses may provide vision correction, they are not intended to protect against physical or chemical hazards. PPE typically includes items such as safety goggles, helmets, gloves, and masks, which are designed to provide a barrier against potential risks. Therefore, the statement that prescription eyeglasses count as PPE is false.

Explanation
Exposure incidents shoudl be reported ASAP.

Explanation
Blood or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM) can contain pathogens that may pose a risk of infection. To prevent the spread of these pathogens, it is important to properly handle and dispose of contaminated items. Placing and sealing them in a biohazard bag helps contain any potential pathogens and reduces the risk of exposure to others. Therefore, the statement that clothing and other items contaminated with blood or OPIM should be placed and sealed in a biohazard bag is true.

Explanation
TB (Tuberculosis) bacteria can survive outside the body for a limited amount of time. The correct answer states that TB can live outside the body for about an hour. This means that if the bacteria are present on surfaces or objects, they can remain infectious for up to an hour before becoming non-infectious. It is important to maintain proper hygiene and disinfection practices to prevent the spread of TB.

Explanation
Healthcare workers should conduct bloodborne pathogen training every 12 months. This is because bloodborne pathogens pose a significant risk in healthcare settings, and regular training ensures that healthcare workers are equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills to prevent the spread of infections. Conducting training annually allows healthcare workers to stay updated on the latest guidelines and procedures for handling bloodborne pathogens, maintaining a safe and healthy environment for both themselves and their patients.

Explanation
Employees who may reasonably expect to be exposed to blood and other OPIMs are required to review OSHA Bloodborne Standards. This means that any employee who could potentially come into contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials should be familiar with the OSHA standards to ensure their safety and the safety of others. It is important for all employees to be knowledgeable about these standards, regardless of the frequency of exposure.

Explanation
OSHA requires that all healthcare employees be offered the HBV vaccination.

Explanation
Blood, lymph, cerebrospinal fluid, and semen are body fluids that can carry bloodborne pathogens. Blood is a well-known carrier of bloodborne pathogens such as HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C. Lymph, which is a clear fluid that circulates throughout the lymphatic system, can also carry these pathogens. Cerebrospinal fluid, found in the brain and spinal cord, can transmit certain infections like meningitis. Semen, the fluid that contains sperm, can transmit sexually transmitted infections like HIV and gonorrhea. Therefore, it is true that these body fluids can carry bloodborne pathogens.

Explanation
Eye-washing stations are designed to provide immediate flushing of the eyes in case of exposure to hazardous substances. They are considered an engineering control because they are a physical device implemented in the workplace to mitigate the risk of eye injuries or chemical exposures. Engineering controls are measures that are built into the work environment to eliminate or minimize hazards, and eye-washing stations serve this purpose by providing a means to quickly and effectively rinse the eyes in case of an emergency.

Explanation
The OSHA Bloodborne Standard is a set of regulations that aim to protect workers from exposure to bloodborne pathogens. According to this standard, when handling or processing blood and other potentially infectious materials (OPIMs), certain items such as uniforms, laundry bags, rooms, cabinets, and refrigerators must be labeled with biohazard labels. This is to ensure that workers are aware of the potential hazards and take necessary precautions to prevent exposure. Therefore, the statement "The OSHA Bloodborne Standard requires uniforms, laundry bags, rooms, cabinets, and refrigerators to have biohazard labels when blood and OPIMs are being handled or processed" is true.