Abdominal Wall, Rectus Sheath & Abdominal Viscera

22 Questions | By Rossstudent | Last updated: Mar 22, 2022 | Total Attempts: 4806

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Abdominal Wall, Rectus Sheath & Abdominal Viscera - Quiz

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1.

The superior and inferior epigastric arteries lie directly beneath which structure?
- A.
  
  External oblique
- B.
  
  Transversus Abdominis
- C.
  
  Rectus Abdominis
- D.
  
  Internal oblique
2.

Which of the following is a true statement about the Scarpa's fascia?
- A.
  
  It is discontinuous with the Dartos fascia
- B.
  
  It is continuous with the Colles fascia
- C.
  
  It is continuous with a deep penile fascia.
- D.
  
  It is the most superficial layer of the abdominal wall.
- E.
  
  It is the thickest layer of the abdominal wall
3.

You are attempting to check for radio-femoral delay in your patient. To find the femoral artery your visualize a line from the ASIS to the pubic tubercle. You palpate for the femoral artery about a centimeter below the midpoint of this line. Which ligament are you trying to approximate by visualizing this line? And from what structure is it formed?
- A.
  
  Median umbilical ligament; urachus
- B.
  
  Medial umbilical ligament; umbilical arteries
- C.
  
  Inguinal ligament; external oblique muscle aponeuroses
- D.
  
  Inguinal ligament; internal oblique muscle aponeuroses
- E.
  
  Round ligament of the uterus; gubernaculum
4.

A 17 year-old, male with a past medical history of hypertension presents to your emergency clinic with severe abdominal pain. Past medical history reveals blunt trauma to the abdomen after engaging in a school fight that afternoon. Physical examination reveals a progressive contusion that you begin to worry about. You quickly call a surgical consult and obtain radiological imaging of the patient's abdomen, which confirms your suspicion. The MOST likely cause of this patient's bleed is damage to the:
- A.
  
  Short gastric artery
- B.
  
  Splenic artery
- C.
  
  Left Gastric artery
- D.
  
  Inferior Epigastric artery
- E.
  
  Gastroduodenal artery
5.

A patient arrives at your clinical with a protruding mass from his superficial inguinal ring. He is diagnosed with an indirect inguinal hernia. What is the posterior border of the canal that this hernia passes through?
- A.
  
  Fascia transversalis
- B.
  
  Inguinal ligament
- C.
  
  Aponeurosis of the transversus abdominis muscle
- D.
  
  Fibers of the internal oblique muscle
- E.
  
  External oblique aponeurosis
6.

What structures make up the conjoint tendon?
- A.
  
  Rectus abdominis and transversus abdominis
- B.
  
  External oblique and internal oblique‬‬‬‬‬
- C.
  
  Internal oblique and transversus abdominis
- D.
  
  Rectus abdominis and internal oblique
7.

During an abdominal surgery, the surgeon describes an area in the transpyloric plane. Which two structures are associated with this anatomical area?
- A.
  
  Origin of the IMA and Pylorus of the stomach
- B.
  
  Fundus of the Gall Bladder and fundus of the stomach
- C.
  
  Pylorus of the stomach and neck of the pancreas
- D.
  
  Origin of the SMA and fundus of the stomach
8.

A surgeon performs a surgery on the lateral aspect of a patient's abdominal wall. He comes upon a muscle in which the fibers are running "down and in". What is the muscle or fascia that is most likely immediately deep to this muscle?
- A.
  
  Scarpa's fascia
- B.
  
  External Oblique
- C.
  
  Internal Oblique
- D.
  
  Transversalis fascia
- E.
  
  Transverse Abdominis
9.

If a surgeon is performing a left paramedian incision below the arcuate line, what will be the last layer he cuts through before reaching the transversalis fascia?
- A.
  
  Rectus abdominis
- B.
  
  Fascia of the external oblique
- C.
  
  Fascia of the internal oblique
- D.
  
  Fascia of transversus abdominis
- E.
  
  External oblique muscle
- F.
  
  Internal oblique muscle
- G.
  
  Transversus abdominis muscle
10.

Which is true of the blood supply of the anterior abdominal wall?
- A.
  
  Direct branches of the Aorta supply the lateral anterior abdominal wall
- B.
  
  Multiple branches of the Subclavian Artery supply the anterior abdominal wall
- C.
  
  Branches of the Internal Iliac Artery supply the anterior abdominal wall inferior to the arcuate line
- D.
  
  Inferior Epigastric Arteries are found superficial to the rectus abdominus muscle
11.

You are performing surgery on a 56-year-old man with an ulcer in the first part of the duodenum. In which region of the anterior abdominal wall would you make your initial incision to treat the ulcer?
- A.
  
  Left Lumbar
- B.
  
  Right Lumbar
- C.
  
  Right Hypochondriac
- D.
  
  Epigastric
- E.
  
  Left Hypochondriac
12.

Assisting in a surgery, you notice the surgeon's incision draws a large volume of blood immediately from the patient's para-umbilical region. You are startled and ask the surgeon why he isn't more concerned about the bleeding as he calmly clamps the artery and makes his deep incision through the rectus sheath. He explains that:
- A.
  
  The artery is a branch off the internal iliac and the bleeding will stop on it's own
- B.
  
  The artery is a superficial branch of the Superior epigastic and is not important.
- C.
  
  The artery is an anastomosis off the femoral and is not likely to cause muscle ischemia
- D.
  
  The artery is a branch off the Internal Thoracic, which is dual supplied by the portal system
13.

A patient with an inguinal hernia is undergoing surgery. The surgeon must cut through the rectus abdominis in the hypogastric region. The fascia that is posteriorly in contact with the abdominis rectus is made up of which aponeurosis?
- A.
  
  Transversalis fascia
- B.
  
  Transversalis fascia and oblique fascia
- C.
  
  Internal oblique fascia and transversalis fascia
- D.
  
  Internal oblique fascia
14.

A 15-year-old male was taken to the Emergency Department complaining of tenderness and pain in the lower right quadrant of his abdomen. Upon palpation of the patient's abdomen, the patient vocalizes pain and elicits a "guarding reflex." The physician then correctly identifies that the patient is complaining from an inflamed appendix. Which of the following locations did the Physician palpate to elicit the pain in this patient?
- A.
  
  Approximately 2/3 from the umbilicus to the Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
- B.
  
  Approximately 2/3 from the umbilicus to the Iliac Spine
- C.
  
  Approximately 1/3 from the umbilicus to the Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
- D.
  
  Approximately 1/3 from the umbilicus to the Iliac Spine
15.

After a motor vehicle accident, a patient is brought to the emergency department. X-ray reveals fractured left ninth and tenth ribs. She has a rapid heart rate and low blood pressure. Peritoneal lavage reveals free blood in the peritoneal cavity. A surgeon is able to stop the bleeding by placing a clamp across which of the following structures?
- A.
  
  Falciform ligament
- B.
  
  Hepatoduodenal ligament
- C.
  
  Hepatogastric ligament
- D.
  
  Splenorenal ligament
- E.
  
  Gastrosplenic ligament
16.

A 45-year-old man develops an abdominal abscess following a complicated appendectomy. Which of the following structures functions to localize the resulting inflammatory process?
- A.
  
  Lesser omentum‬
- B.
  
  Greater omentum
- C.
  
  Visceral peritoneum
- D.
  
  Parietal peritoneum
17.

The round ligament of the liver is also known as the ligamentum teres hepatis. This structure found in adults is the remnant of what embryological structure?
- A.
  
  Ligamentum venosum‬‬‬‬‬
- B.
  
  Umbilical vein‬‬‬‬‬
- C.
  
  Umbilical artery
- D.
  
  Umbilical cord‬‬‬‬‬
- E.
  
  Viteline duct‬‬‬‬‬
18.

A 43-year-old male is seen in the emergency room for chronic epigastric pain that is relieved by eating. He states he has had this complication for many years. Upper endoscopy reveals a large ulcer on the lesser curvature of the stomach. Which is the most likely complication, should the patients condition worsen?
- A.
  
  Chronic pancreatitis
- B.
  
  Acute hemorrhage from bleeding gastric arteries
- C.
  
  Acute cholecystitis
- D.
  
  Duodenal obstruction
19.

A man is in a car accident and breaks the tip of his sternum. At presentation to the ER he is found to be markedly hypotensive and his abdomen is distended. What is the most likely source of blood?
- A.
  
  Gastroduodenal artery
- B.
  
  Right Gastric artery
- C.
  
  Common Hepatic artery
- D.
  
  Splenic artery
20.

A 55-year-old man with a history of alcohol abuse presents to the emergency department complaining of a cough, swelling in his abdomen and swelling in his ankles. On examination, the physician notes the man has a protruding abdomen and yellowing of the sclera of his eyes. The physician identifies that the patient is suffering from ascites and wants to drain the liquid accumulated in his abdomen that is causing the protruding abdomen. Which of the following techniques should the physician use?
- A.
  
  Peritoneal lavage
- B.
  
  Paracentesis
- C.
  
  Pericardiocentesis
- D.
  
  Culdocentesis
21.

The hepatoduodenal ligament is being pinched between my thumb and forefinger. Which branch of the Celiac trunk is found within this ligament?
- A.
  
  Gastroduodenal Artery
- B.
  
  Common Hepatic Artery
- C.
  
  Hepatic Artery
- D.
  
  Proper Hepatic Artery
22.

Which of the following is most consistent with the double-layered fold of peritoneum which connects the lesser curvature of the stomach and 1^st part of duodenum to the liver?
- A.
  
  Is known as the greater omentum and contains the gastrocolic ligament
- B.
  
  Is known as the greater omentum and contains the hepatoduodenal ligament
- C.
  
  Is known as the lesser omentum and contains the gastrocolic ligament
- D.
  
  Is known as the lesser omentum and contains the hepatoduodenal ligament
- E.
  
  Is known as the greater omentum and contains the hepatogastric ligament
- F.
  
  Is known as the lesser omentum and contains the gastrophrenic ligament