Morphology And Syntax
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- 1.Categories of verbal morphologyWhich of the following is NOT a category of verbal morphology:
- A.
Tense
- B.
Case
- C.
Aspect
- D.
Person
- 2.Index of fusionThe index of fusion describes languages along a scale from:
- A.
Synthetic to fusional
- B.
Agglutinating to fusional
- C.
Isolating to fusional
- D.
Option 4
- 3.Index of synthesisThe index of synthesis describes languages on a scale from
- A.
Fusional to synthetic
- B.
Isolating to synthetic
- C.
Agglutinating to synthetic
- D.
Option 4
- 4.Compare the 2 sentences below: Jeg forstår ikke, hvorfor han ikke vil snakke med mig. I don’t understand why he won’t speak to me Does the underlined clause fulfill the same syntactical role in both of the 2 languages?
- A.
Yes –they are both relative clauses.
- B.
No, the comma marks the beginning of a non-restrictive relative clause in the Danish example, whereas the English one, lacking the comma, is a restrictive one.
- C.
Yes, they are both complement clauses fulfilling the role of direct object.
- D.
No, they are both complement clauses, but the Danish one fulfills the role of direct object, whereas the English one fulfills the role of adverbial
- 5.Consider the following examples from Greenlandic:Nuummukarpoq - 'She went to Nuuk'Arnaavunga - 'I am a woman'Kaffisivit? - 'Did you buy coffe?'On the basis of these examples, it seems safe to assume that Greenlandic is:
- A.
Polysynthetic
- B.
Agglutinative
- C.
Fusional
- D.
Option 4
- 6.Consider the following example of a Japanese relative clause:Japanese:watasi ga hon o ataeta kodomo1sgPRO S book ACC give.PRV child-----------REL. CLAUSE------------------ HEAD’the child I gave a book to’ The position of the relative clause in respect to the head gives us reason to believe
- A.
That adjectives would be placed in front of the noun in an NP
- B.
That adjectives would be placed after the noun in an NP
- 7.Switch reference is a grammatical phenomenon found in some languages. It is used to
- A.
Link several clauses together by marking each clause for same or different subject
- B.
Switch subjects around within the clause
- C.
Link several clauses together by switching the subject for each clause
- D.
Link sentences together by repeating the final clause of the first sentence as the first clause of the next one.
- 8.Consider the following example in French: Je n’-aime-Ø pas l’-école!1sgPRO NEG-like-1sgS not DEF-school’I don’t like school’ On the basis of this example, what is the basic word order in French?
- A.
OVS
- B.
SVO
- C.
SOV
- D.
VSO
- 9.
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Consider the following example og Lithuanian morphology from M. Arkadiev, Peter. 2012Stems in Lithuanian verbal inflection (with remarks on derivation) in: Word Structure. Apr2012, Vol. 5 Issue 1, p7-27. 21p.On the basis of these data, what morphological type would you consider Lithuanian to come closest to?- A.
Isolating
- B.
Fusional
- C.
Agglutinative
- D.
Option 4
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