Cp Bio 2 - Photosynthesis Quiz (Spring 2014)
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The process by which plants use sunlight to make glucose is called ___.
- A.
Photosynthesis
- B.
Cellular respiration
- C.
The cell cycle
- D.
Mitosis
Correct Answer
A. PhotosynthesisExplanation
Photosynthesis is the correct answer because it is the process by which plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. During photosynthesis, plants capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy, stored in the form of glucose. This process is essential for the survival of plants and is responsible for producing oxygen, which is vital for all living organisms. Cellular respiration is the process by which cells break down glucose to release energy, the cell cycle refers to the series of events that occur in a cell leading to its division, and mitosis is the process of cell division.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which of the following takes place in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
- A.
Sugars are made.
- B.
Energy is captured.
- C.
Chlorophyll is pumped.
- D.
Carbon dioxide is formed.
Correct Answer
B. Energy is captured.Explanation
In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, energy is captured from sunlight and converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. This energy is used in the subsequent dark reactions to convert carbon dioxide into sugars. Therefore, the correct answer is "Energy is captured."Rate this question:
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- 3.
Where do the hydrogen ions for the photosystems of the light-dependent reactions come from?
- A.
Sugars
- B.
Sunlight
- C.
Acids
- D.
Water
Correct Answer
D. WaterExplanation
The hydrogen ions for the photosystems of the light-dependent reactions come from water. Water molecules are split during the light-dependent reactions, releasing oxygen and hydrogen ions. The hydrogen ions are then used to create a proton gradient, which is essential for the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), both of which are important energy molecules used in the subsequent stages of photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which phrase best describes the electron transport chain in photosynthesis?
- A.
A chain of photosynthetic proteins located in the stroma
- B.
A collection of enzymes used to make ADP
- C.
A series of proteins located in the thylakoid membrane
- D.
A group of enzymes that carries energy to the Calvin cycle
Correct Answer
C. A series of proteins located in the thylakoid membraneExplanation
The electron transport chain in photosynthesis is a series of proteins located in the thylakoid membrane. This chain is responsible for transferring electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I, generating a proton gradient that is used to produce ATP. The thylakoid membrane is where the photosystems and electron carriers are located, making it the site of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 5.
In the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis,
- A.
Carbon dioxide enters the Calvin cycle and sugars are made.
- B.
Water is broken down and oxygen is released.
- C.
NADPH is produced and transferred to photosystem I.
- D.
Electrons are energized and used to pump H+ ions.
Correct Answer
A. Carbon dioxide enters the Calvin cycle and sugars are made.Explanation
In the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, carbon dioxide enters the Calvin cycle and sugars are made. This is because the Calvin cycle, also known as the dark reaction or the light-independent reaction, is responsible for converting carbon dioxide molecules into glucose and other sugars. This process occurs in the stroma of the chloroplasts and uses energy from ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions. The carbon dioxide molecules are fixed and undergo a series of chemical reactions to produce sugars, which can be used for energy storage or other metabolic processes in the plant.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What is the relationship between the photosystems and the Calvin cycle?
- A.
The photosystems produce ATP synthase for the Calvin cycle.
- B.
The photosystems transfer hydrogen ions and carbon dioxide to the Calvin cycle.
- C.
The photosystems transfer energy to the Calvin cycle through ATP and NADPH.
- D.
The photosystems build sugars with the carbon dioxide produced by the Calvin cycle.
Correct Answer
C. The photosystems transfer energy to the Calvin cycle through ATP and NADPH.Explanation
The photosystems transfer energy to the Calvin cycle through ATP and NADPH. This is because during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, the photosystems (photosystem I and photosystem II) capture light energy and use it to generate ATP and NADPH. These energy-rich molecules are then used in the Calvin cycle, which is the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, to convert carbon dioxide into glucose. Therefore, the photosystems play a crucial role in providing the energy needed for the Calvin cycle to occur.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following statements best describes the process of photosynthesis?
- A.
Plants use oxygen to make simple sugars.
- B.
Chlorophyll builds sugars in the thylakoid membrane.
- C.
Light breaks down water molecules and releases carbon dioxide.
- D.
Chloroplasts absorb sunlight and store chemical energy.
Correct Answer
D. Chloroplasts absorb sunlight and store chemical energy.Explanation
Chloroplasts are the organelles in plant cells where photosynthesis takes place. They contain chlorophyll, a pigment that absorbs sunlight. During photosynthesis, chloroplasts absorb sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in the form of glucose. This process involves the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Therefore, the statement "Chloroplasts absorb sunlight and store chemical energy" best describes the process of photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What is the term for an organism that makes its own source of chemical energy?
- A.
Decomposer
- B.
Producer
- C.
Chloroplast
- D.
Protist
Correct Answer
B. ProducerExplanation
A producer is an organism that is capable of producing its own source of chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis. This involves converting sunlight into chemical energy in the form of glucose. Producers, such as plants and some bacteria, play a crucial role in the food chain by providing energy to other organisms through consumption. Decomposers, on the other hand, break down dead organic matter and release nutrients back into the ecosystem. Chloroplast is a cellular organelle found in producers that is responsible for photosynthesis. Protist is a broad category that includes various types of eukaryotic microorganisms.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The main light-absorbing molecules found in plant leaves are called
- A.
Chloroplasts
- B.
Thylakoids
- C.
Chlorophyll
- D.
Grana
Correct Answer
C. ChlorophyllExplanation
Chlorophyll is the correct answer because it is the main light-absorbing pigment found in plant leaves. It is responsible for capturing sunlight during photosynthesis and converting it into chemical energy. Chlorophyll molecules are located within the chloroplasts, which are the organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells. Thylakoids are membrane structures within the chloroplasts where chlorophyll is located. Grana are stacks of thylakoids. However, neither thylakoids nor grana are the main light-absorbing molecules themselves, so they are not the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The function of the light-dependent reactions is to
- A.
Build sugars.
- B.
Capture and transfer energy.
- C.
Release carbon dioxide.
- D.
Form water molecules.
Correct Answer
B. Capture and transfer energy.Explanation
The light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis capture and transfer energy from sunlight. This energy is used to convert water and carbon dioxide into ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), which are energy-rich molecules. These molecules are then used in the light-independent reactions to build sugars, such as glucose, through a process called carbon fixation. Therefore, the function of the light-dependent reactions is to capture and transfer energy, which is essential for the synthesis of sugars and other organic compounds in plants.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis need
- A.
Carbon dioxide.
- B.
Oxygen.
- C.
Water.
- D.
Cellulose.
Correct Answer
A. Carbon dioxide.Explanation
The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, also known as the Calvin cycle, are responsible for converting carbon dioxide into glucose. During this process, carbon dioxide molecules are combined with energy from ATP and electrons from NADPH to produce glucose, which is used as a source of energy for the plant. Oxygen is produced as a byproduct of the light-dependent reactions, not the light-independent reactions. Water is also required for photosynthesis, but it is used in the light-dependent reactions to produce ATP and NADPH. Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate that is synthesized by the plant using glucose, but it is not directly involved in the light-independent reactions.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
- A.
Carbon dioxide and water
- B.
Glucose and oxygen
- C.
Water and glucose
- D.
Carbon dioxide and oxygen
Correct Answer
B. Glucose and oxygenExplanation
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose (a sugar) and oxygen. Glucose is the primary product of photosynthesis and is used by plants as a source of energy. Oxygen is released as a byproduct of this process and is essential for the survival of many organisms, including humans, as it is required for respiration. Therefore, the correct answer is glucose and oxygen.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What is the ultimate source of energy in almost every food chain?
- A.
The sun
- B.
Producers
- C.
Consumers
- D.
Detritivores
Correct Answer
A. The sunExplanation
The ultimate source of energy in almost every food chain is the sun. Producers, such as plants, use sunlight to perform photosynthesis and convert it into chemical energy. This energy is then passed on to consumers, which are animals that eat the plants. Detritivores, which feed on dead organic matter, also indirectly rely on the sun's energy, as the dead matter originates from producers or consumers. Therefore, the sun is the primary source of energy that fuels the entire food chain.Rate this question:
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- 14.
In the diagram to the right, the structure labeled C is the ___.
- A.
Stroma
- B.
Chlorophyll
- C.
Granum
- D.
Thylakoid membranes
Correct Answer
A. StromaExplanation
The diagram to the right is depicting a chloroplast, which is an organelle found in plant cells. The structure labeled C is the stroma, which is the fluid-filled space inside the chloroplast. The stroma is where the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis occur, such as the Calvin cycle. It is responsible for the synthesis of glucose and other organic molecules using the energy stored in ATP and NADPH, which are produced in the thylakoid membranes and granum, respectively. Therefore, the correct answer is stroma.Rate this question:
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- 15.
In the diagram to the right, the structure labeled D is the ___.
- A.
Stroma
- B.
Chlorophyll
- C.
Granum
- D.
Thylakoid membranes
Correct Answer
C. GranumExplanation
In the diagram, the structure labeled D appears to be a stack of disc-shaped structures. This is characteristic of a granum, which is a stack of thylakoid membranes found in the chloroplasts of plant cells. The thylakoid membranes contain chlorophyll, which is responsible for capturing light energy during photosynthesis. Therefore, the correct answer is granum.Rate this question:
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- 16.
In the diagram to the right, the structure labeled E is the ___.
- A.
Stroma
- B.
Chlorophyll
- C.
Granum
- D.
Thylakoid membranes
Correct Answer
D. Thylakoid membranesExplanation
In the given diagram, the structure labeled E appears to be a network of interconnected membranes. These membranes are arranged in a stacked formation, suggesting that they are part of the thylakoid system within a chloroplast. Thylakoid membranes are responsible for housing the pigments and other molecules involved in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Therefore, based on the characteristics observed in the diagram, it is reasonable to conclude that structure E represents the thylakoid membranes.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The purpose of the light reactions is to___.
- A.
Make ATP and NADPH for use in the Calvin cycle
- B.
To make oxygen
- C.
To split water
- D.
To make glucose
Correct Answer
A. Make ATP and NADPH for use in the Calvin cycleExplanation
The purpose of the light reactions in photosynthesis is to produce ATP and NADPH, which are energy-rich molecules that are used in the Calvin cycle to convert carbon dioxide into glucose. The light reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts and involve the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll and other pigments. This energy is used to generate ATP through photophosphorylation and to produce NADPH through the reduction of NADP+. These energy carriers are then utilized in the Calvin cycle to fuel the synthesis of glucose and other organic molecules.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which organelle conducts photosynthesis?
- A.
Chloroplast
- B.
Mitochondria
- C.
Nucleus
- D.
Golgi body
Correct Answer
A. ChloroplastExplanation
The chloroplast is the organelle that conducts photosynthesis. It contains chlorophyll, a pigment that captures light energy, and other necessary enzymes for the process of photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, the chloroplast converts sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose, which is used as energy by the plant. This process occurs in the chloroplast's thylakoid membranes and stroma. The other organelles listed, such as the mitochondria, nucleus, and Golgi body, have different functions and are not involved in photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Where in the chloroplast does the Calvin Cycle occur?
- A.
Stroma
- B.
Thylakoid membrane
- C.
Mitochondrion
- D.
Folded inner membrane
Correct Answer
A. StromaExplanation
The Calvin Cycle occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast. The stroma is the fluid-filled space within the chloroplast where various metabolic reactions take place. In the Calvin Cycle, carbon dioxide is converted into glucose through a series of enzymatic reactions. This process is essential for the synthesis of organic compounds, including sugars, in plants. The thylakoid membrane, on the other hand, is involved in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, while the mitochondrion is responsible for cellular respiration. The folded inner membrane does not play a direct role in the Calvin Cycle.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Where in the chloroplast do the light reactions occur?
- A.
Stroma
- B.
Thylakoid membrane
- C.
Mitochondrion
- D.
Folded inner membrane
Correct Answer
B. Thylakoid membraneExplanation
The light reactions in photosynthesis occur in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. This is where the photosystems, consisting of pigments and proteins, are located. The thylakoid membrane is responsible for capturing light energy and converting it into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. These energy-rich molecules are then used in the Calvin cycle, which takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast, to produce glucose and other organic compounds. The mitochondrion and folded inner membrane are not involved in the light reactions of photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which of the following is another name for the Calvin Cycle?
- A.
The dark reactions
- B.
The light reactions
- C.
The light dependent reaction
- D.
The photosystems
Correct Answer
A. The dark reactionsExplanation
The Calvin Cycle is often referred to as the dark reactions because it does not directly require light energy. It is the second stage of photosynthesis, occurring in the stroma of chloroplasts, where carbon dioxide is converted into glucose. Unlike the light reactions, which require light energy and take place in the thylakoid membrane, the dark reactions can occur in the absence of light. Therefore, the term "dark reactions" is an alternative name for the Calvin Cycle.Rate this question:
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- 22.
How many photosystems are used during photosynthesis in most plants?
- A.
Two
- B.
One
- C.
Three
- D.
Infinite
Correct Answer
A. TwoExplanation
During photosynthesis, most plants use two photosystems. Photosystems are protein complexes found in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts. They are responsible for capturing light energy and initiating the process of photosynthesis. Each photosystem contains chlorophyll molecules that absorb light and transfer the energy to other molecules. The two photosystems work together in a series of reactions to convert light energy into chemical energy, which is used to produce ATP and NADPH for the synthesis of glucose. Therefore, the correct answer is two.Rate this question:
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