Botany Quiz: Taxonomy Of Angiosperms

The correct answer is Abelmoschus esculentus. This is because Abelmoschus esculentus is the scientific name for lady's finger, also known as okra. The other options mentioned (Hibiscus cannabinus, Thespesia populnea, and Gossypium barbadense) are not the binomial name for lady's finger and refer to different plant species.

The correct answer is Swedish botanist. This is because the question is asking about the proposer of an artificial system of classification of plants, and the correct answer is the Swedish botanist.

Malvaceae is placed in the series Thalamiflorae because it belongs to the order Malvales, which is classified under the subclass Rosidae. Thalamiflorae is a series within the subclass Rosidae, characterized by having the floral parts attached to the receptacle in a thalamus-like structure. Malvaceae exhibits this characteristic, as its flowers have the sepals, petals, and stamens attached to the receptacle. Therefore, it is correctly placed in the series Thalamiflorae.

Plants having flowers with free petals are placed under Polypetalae because this term refers to plants that have flowers with separate or distinct petals. The prefix "poly" means many, indicating that the flowers in this group have multiple petals that are not fused together. This is in contrast to plants in the other options, such as Monochlamydeae (which have flowers with a single whorl of perianth) and Gamopetalae (which have flowers with fused petals). Monocotyledons, on the other hand, refer to a group of flowering plants characterized by having a single cotyledon in their seeds, which is not directly related to the presence of free petals.

Inferae includes 3 orders and 9 families. This means that within the classification system of Inferae, there are three distinct orders and within each order, there are nine distinct families.

Genera plantarum of Bentham and Hooker was published in three volumes. This means that the work was divided into three separate books or parts. Each volume likely contained a specific range of plant genera or species, making it easier for readers to navigate and access the information. Publishing the work in multiple volumes also allowed for more detailed and comprehensive coverage of the subject matter.

Bentham and Hooker described 202 families in their classification.

The correct binomial name for the groundnut plant is Arcachis hypogea. Binomial nomenclature is a system of naming species in which each species is given a unique two-part scientific name consisting of the genus name followed by the species name. In this case, the genus name is Arcachis and the species name is hypogea.

The correct answer is loculicidal capsule. Abelmoschus esculentus, also known as okra or lady's finger, has a fruit that is a loculicidal capsule. A loculicidal capsule is a dry fruit that splits open along the partitions between the carpels, releasing the seeds. This type of fruit is common in many plants and allows for the dispersal of seeds.

An artificial system of classification is based on specific characteristics chosen by humans, rather than on natural relationships between organisms. In the case of a sexual system of classification, the classification is based on the reproductive organs and methods of reproduction of organisms. This means that the classification is focused on the sexual characteristics of organisms, rather than their overall characteristics or evolutionary relationships. Therefore, an artificial system of classification is the correct answer as it aligns with the criteria of a sexual system of classification.

Solanaceae is a family of flowering plants that includes popular species such as tomatoes, potatoes, and peppers. It is placed under the order Polemoniales because this order consists of mostly herbaceous plants with simple leaves and regular flowers. Solanaceae fits this description as it consists of herbaceous plants with simple leaves and regular flowers. Therefore, it is categorized under Polemoniales.

Anthers being monothecous means that they have a single chamber. In the family Malvaceae, the anthers have a single chamber, which is why they are monothecous.

Euphorbia tirucalli is an example of cladode. Cladodes are modified stems that resemble and function as leaves. In Euphorbia tirucalli, the leaves are reduced to small scales, and the green photosynthetic function is taken over by the succulent, cylindrical cladodes. These cladodes store water and perform photosynthesis, helping the plant survive in arid conditions.

In Bentham and Hooker's classification of plants, the present day 'orders' were referred to as 'cohorts'. This classification system grouped plants into cohorts based on their similarities and differences in characteristics. The term 'cohorts' was used to categorize plants at a higher level than families, indicating a broader grouping of related plant species.

The correct answer is 6 orders and 34 families. This means that Thalamiflorae consists of 6 different orders and 34 different families.

The correct answer is spiral because the phyllotaxy in Musa, which refers to the arrangement of leaves on a stem, is spiral. This means that the leaves are arranged in a spiral pattern around the stem, rather than being arranged in pairs (opposite), in a single row (distichous), or alternating on opposite sides of the stem (alternate).

Thespesia populnea belongs to the family Malvaceae.

The correct answer is Solanum xanthocarpum. In this plant, the midrib and veins are found with yellowish spines.

The family included under the series Unisexuales is Euphorbiaceae.

Gaspard Bauhin is credited with introducing the binomial system, which is a system of naming plants using two Latin words - the genus and the species. This system provides a standardized and universal way of naming and classifying plants, allowing for easier communication and understanding among botanists. Carolus Linnaeus is also known for his contributions to the development of the binomial system, but he refined and popularized it rather than introducing it. Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker and Adolf Engler were notable botanists, but they did not introduce the binomial system.

Ravenala madagascariensis is a plant species commonly known as the Traveler's tree. It is native to Madagascar and is characterized by its large, fan-shaped leaves and tall, palm-like appearance. The question asks about the number of fertile stamens in this plant species. Stamens are the male reproductive organs of a flower, consisting of a filament and an anther. The correct answer is six, indicating that Ravenala madagascariensis has six fertile stamens.

Ricinus communis is a shrub because it is a small to medium-sized plant with multiple stems arising from the base. It does not grow into a large tree and does not have the characteristics of a herb or a cladode.

Bentham and Hooker's classification of plants referred to the present "families" as "orders". This means that in their classification system, the level of classification that is equivalent to what is commonly known as "families" in other systems is referred to as "orders" in their classification.

The correct answer is Strelitzia reginae. The bird of paradise flower is commonly known as Strelitzia reginae. It is a tropical plant native to South Africa and is known for its vibrant orange and blue flowers that resemble the plumage of a bird. The plant gets its name from the unique shape and colors of its flowers, which resemble the bird of paradise. Strelitzia reginae is a popular choice for gardens and landscaping due to its striking appearance.

Hevea brasiliensis is a species of rubber tree, and it is known to have trifoliately compound leaves. This means that each leaf is composed of three leaflets that are attached to a common stalk.

Epigynous flowers are those in which the ovary is inferior, meaning it is located below the attachment point of other floral parts. The series "Inferae" includes plants with epigynous flowers, as the name suggests. Therefore, the correct answer is Inferae.

Euphorbiaceae is a large family of flowering plants that includes approximately 300 genera. This means that there are around 300 different groups or categories of plants within the Euphorbiaceae family.

In Solanaceae, the carpels are obliquely placed in the members of the family. This means that the carpels are positioned at an angle or slant in the flower. This characteristic is specific to Solanaceae and distinguishes it from the other plant families listed.

The fruit of the members of Fabaceae is a legume. Fabaceae is a family of flowering plants that includes various types of legumes such as peas, beans, and lentils. Legumes are characterized by their pod-like structure, which splits open along both sides to release the seeds. This type of fruit is commonly found in plants of the Fabaceae family and is a defining feature of this plant group.

The phyllotaxy in Ixora coccinea is opposite decussate. This means that the leaves are arranged in pairs, with each pair at a 90-degree angle to the pair above and below it. In this pattern, each leaf is positioned directly across from the leaf above and below it, creating a crossed or X-shaped arrangement. This arrangement is commonly seen in plants with opposite leaves, where the leaves are positioned in pairs along the stem.

The correct answer is plamyra palm. Borassus flabellifer is the scientific name for the plamyra palm, also known as the toddy palm or sugar palm. It is a type of palm tree that is native to Southeast Asia and is widely cultivated for various purposes. The plamyra palm is known for its large fan-shaped leaves and is valued for its sap, which is used to make palm sugar and palm wine.

The inflorescence in Ravenala madagascariensis is a compound cyme. This means that the main axis of the inflorescence branches repeatedly, with each branch ending in a single flower. The flowers are arranged in a flat-topped or rounded cluster, with the outer flowers opening first. This type of inflorescence is common in many plants and allows for efficient pollination and seed production.

The type of placentation seen in the members of fabaceae is marginal. Marginal placentation refers to the arrangement of ovules along the margins or edges of the ovary. In fabaceae, the ovules are attached to the inner wall of the ovary, forming a line or ridge along the margin. This type of placentation is characteristic of many members of the fabaceae family, including peas, beans, and lentils. It allows for efficient development and dispersal of seeds within the pod.

Pongamia glabra is a tree because it is classified as a plant with a woody stem and a considerable height. Trees typically have a single trunk and branches that extend above the ground, providing a large canopy. Pongamia glabra fits this description, making it a tree rather than an herb, shrub, or climber.

Aeschynomene aspera is classified as a hydrophyte because it is a plant species that is adapted to grow in water or in wet environments. Hydrophytes have specialized adaptations such as air-filled spaces in their tissues to help them float, reduced cuticles on their leaves to enhance water absorption, and flexible stems to withstand water currents. These adaptations allow Aeschynomene aspera to thrive in aquatic habitats, making it a hydrophyte.

Epipetalous refers to the condition where the stamens are attached to the petals of a flower. In Ixora coccinea, the stamens are epipetalous, meaning they are attached to the petals. This arrangement is common in many flowers and allows for effective pollination as the stamens are positioned close to the reproductive structures of the flower.

The correct answer is "calycinae". Areceaceae is placed under the series calycinae.

Vernonia arborea is classified as a tree because it is a woody plant with a single main trunk and a distinct canopy of branches and leaves. Trees are generally taller and larger than other plant forms such as herbs, shrubs, or twiners. This classification is based on the typical growth habit and characteristics of Vernonia arborea.

Rubiaceae is placed under the series "inferae" because this series refers to a group of plants within the Rubiaceae family that have inferior ovaries. An inferior ovary is one that is positioned below the attachment point of the other floral parts (such as the petals and sepals). This characteristic distinguishes Rubiaceae plants in this series from those in other series within the family.

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Homogamous head inflorescence refers to a type of inflorescence where all the flowers in the head are of the same type. Among the given options, Launaea is known to have a homogamous head inflorescence.

Echinops is a genus of flowering plants that typically have a single flower head. This means that the head of the plant is reduced to a single flower, as opposed to having multiple flowers in a cluster. This characteristic is unique to Echinops and distinguishes it from the other options listed (Launaea, Chrysanthemum, and Dahlia), which may have multiple flowers in their heads.