10th STD - History - Lesson 11 - Freedom Movement In India Phase I - Pre Gandian Era - Ad 1885 - 1919

Explanation
Imperialism is the correct answer because it refers to the policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, economic dominance, or political control over other territories. In the given context, the British brought about the unification of the country through their imperialistic actions, such as conquests and negotiations, which allowed them to establish control and unify the previously fragmented regions.

Explanation
During the period in question, English was the language commonly used by educated Indians. This was due to the influence of British colonial rule, which promoted the use of English as a medium of instruction in schools and universities. English became the language of the elite and the educated class, allowing them to communicate and interact with the British rulers and participate in administrative and professional roles. This led to the widespread adoption of English as a language of prestige and opportunity, shaping the linguistic landscape of educated Indians during that time.

Explanation
The religious and social reformers played a crucial role in laying the foundation for the rise of nationalism. Through their efforts to challenge oppressive social practices, promote equality, and advocate for social justice, they awakened a sense of collective identity and pride among the people. They emphasized the importance of unity, cultural heritage, and shared values, which are key elements of nationalism. Their work paved the way for the eventual emergence of nationalist movements, as people began to identify themselves as part of a larger nation and strive for self-governance and independence.

Explanation
The Extremists viewed the policies of the moderates as "political mendicancy." This suggests that the Extremists believed that the moderates were engaging in a form of political begging or dependence, relying on the British government for concessions and reforms rather than actively fighting for independence. The Extremists likely saw this approach as weak and ineffective in achieving true self-governance for India.

Explanation
The open split in the Congress occurred during the session held at Surat.

Explanation
The Minto-Morley reforms introduced separate electorates for different religious communities in India, including Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, and Christians. This was done to ensure representation and protection of the interests of each community. The separate electorate for Muslims was particularly significant as it aimed to give them a voice in the political process and address their concerns. This reform was a response to the demands of various religious communities for more political representation and played a crucial role in shaping the political landscape of colonial India.

Explanation
The correct answer is Tilak. Tilak was one of the prominent leaders of the Indian independence movement and played a significant role in the formation of the Home Rule League in Bombay. The Home Rule League was a political organization established to demand self-government and autonomy for India within the British Empire. Tilak's efforts in mobilizing public support and advocating for self-rule were instrumental in the formation and success of the Home Rule League in Bombay.