Hobbes, Locke, Berkeley

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1. John Locke follows Thomas Aquinas in thinking that even before government is instituted, human beings, through their reason, have access to __________.

Equal rights

Inalienable rights

Natural law

God’s law

385.7

Explanation

385.7

About This Quiz

Assignment 4

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2. One of the reasons Hobbes insists that there must be one, undivided sovereign power is that governments that had multiple parts:

Involved too much inevitable conflict

Couldn’t represent the public good well enough

Couldn’t react quickly enough to the public needs

Were too hard to maintain properly

374.6

Explanation

374.6

3. According to Hobbes, which of the following would be a right of nature?

The right to life

The right to liberty

The right to shoot your neighbor in the head if you feel threatened

The right to worship how you desire

373.2

Explanation

373.2

4. What does Hobbes say our definition of "good" is as it pertains to thought?

Something that produces pleasure

Something that produces happiness

Something that is morally right

Something that has been approved by others

369.10 [It seems]

Explanation

369.10 [It seems]

5. Plato argues for the thought that some ideas are innate. Locke argues that that the ideas have to be universal in order to be innate. What is the major problem that Locke sees with universality proving innateness?

Universality would only prove innateness if the ideas were “just known.”

Universality would only prove innateness if the ideas came to every mind in different ways

Universality would only prove innateness if there is no other way such ideas could be acquired.

There is no way that universality could truly prove innateness

376.7

Explanation

376.7

6. All of the following are reasons why Berkeley is against the abstract idea of a material substance except?

It is broken-backed as an explanation for the course of our experience

It is full of contradictions

It has been a great friend to agnostics

It is a grotesque construction

397.2

Explanation

397.2

7. Political thinkers Spinoza, Rousseau, and John Locke have all considered the idea of a contract or agreement as the basis for society. However, they differ on all of the following ideas except:

The powers such a contract bestows on government

Whether or not such a contract would or could not be revoked

The rights of individuals and the necessity of consent

The grounds on which a citizen might withdraw allegiance

373.8

Explanation

373.8

8. The notion of substance has played a significant role in philosophical thought from the time of Aristotle to the present. According to the tradition that Locke inherited, an essential characteristic of substance is that:

Substances are knowable in terms of their forms (particularly in terms of their essential forms).

The classic distinction between form and matter are lost in the transition from Aristotelian Medieval thought to the new science.

Existence is the essence of any actual substance.

377.9

Explanation

377.9

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