Gluteal Region & Lower Limb

1. Gluteal region is the transitional region between the trunk and free lower limbs.

True

False

The statement is true because the gluteal region is indeed the transitional region between the trunk and the free lower limbs. It is located at the back of the pelvis and is composed of the gluteal muscles, which are responsible for movements such as hip extension, abduction, and rotation. This region plays a crucial role in maintaining balance and stability during walking and other lower limb activities.

Explanation

The statement is true because the gluteal region is indeed the transitional region between the trunk and the free lower limbs. It is located at the back of the pelvis and is composed of the gluteal muscles, which are responsible for movements such as hip extension, abduction, and rotation. This region plays a crucial role in maintaining balance and stability during walking and other lower limb activities.

2. Gluteus maximus is a deep muscle of the gluteal region.

True

False

The statement is false because the gluteus maximus is not a deep muscle of the gluteal region. It is actually the largest and most superficial muscle in this region. It is responsible for hip extension and plays a major role in activities such as walking, running, and climbing stairs.

Explanation

The statement is false because the gluteus maximus is not a deep muscle of the gluteal region. It is actually the largest and most superficial muscle in this region. It is responsible for hip extension and plays a major role in activities such as walking, running, and climbing stairs.

3. Posterior compartment of thigh contains three large muscles termed the "hamstrings."

True

False

The posterior compartment of the thigh does indeed contain three large muscles known as the "hamstrings." These muscles are the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. They are responsible for flexing the knee joint and extending the hip joint. Therefore, the statement is true.

Explanation

The posterior compartment of the thigh does indeed contain three large muscles known as the "hamstrings." These muscles are the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. They are responsible for flexing the knee joint and extending the hip joint. Therefore, the statement is true.

4. The sacral plexus is formed by the anterior rami (dallar) of S1-S4 spinal nerves and contribution from lumbosacral trunk (anterior rami of L4+L5 spinal nerves).

True

False

The sacral plexus is indeed formed by the anterior rami of S1-S4 spinal nerves and also receives contribution from the lumbosacral trunk, which consists of the anterior rami of L4 and L5 spinal nerves. This plexus is located in the pelvis and innervates various muscles and structures in the lower limbs, including the gluteal region, posterior thigh, and foot. Therefore, the statement "True" is correct.

Explanation

The sacral plexus is indeed formed by the anterior rami of S1-S4 spinal nerves and also receives contribution from the lumbosacral trunk, which consists of the anterior rami of L4 and L5 spinal nerves. This plexus is located in the pelvis and innervates various muscles and structures in the lower limbs, including the gluteal region, posterior thigh, and foot. Therefore, the statement "True" is correct.

5. Anterior compartment of leg = Dorsiflexor compartment

True

False

The anterior compartment of the leg is indeed known as the dorsiflexor compartment. This compartment contains muscles that are responsible for dorsiflexion, which is the movement that brings the foot upward towards the shin. These muscles include the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, and peroneus tertius. They are innervated by the deep fibular nerve and play a crucial role in activities such as walking and running. Therefore, the statement "Anterior compartment of leg = Dorsiflexor compartment" is true.

Explanation

The anterior compartment of the leg is indeed known as the dorsiflexor compartment. This compartment contains muscles that are responsible for dorsiflexion, which is the movement that brings the foot upward towards the shin. These muscles include the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, and peroneus tertius. They are innervated by the deep fibular nerve and play a crucial role in activities such as walking and running. Therefore, the statement "Anterior compartment of leg = Dorsiflexor compartment" is true.

6. Femoral nerve is the largest branch of the lumbar plexus.

True

False

The femoral nerve is indeed the largest branch of the lumbar plexus. The lumbar plexus is a network of nerves that arises from the lower spinal cord and supplies the lower limbs. The femoral nerve is responsible for innervating the muscles of the anterior thigh and the skin overlying this region. It also plays a crucial role in providing sensation to the thigh and knee joint. Therefore, it is accurate to say that the femoral nerve is the largest branch of the lumbar plexus.

Explanation

The femoral nerve is indeed the largest branch of the lumbar plexus. The lumbar plexus is a network of nerves that arises from the lower spinal cord and supplies the lower limbs. The femoral nerve is responsible for innervating the muscles of the anterior thigh and the skin overlying this region. It also plays a crucial role in providing sensation to the thigh and knee joint. Therefore, it is accurate to say that the femoral nerve is the largest branch of the lumbar plexus.

7. Thigh has 3 compartments: Lateral, anterior and posterior compartments.

True

False

Leg bu. Thigh uylukta medial, anterior and posterior compartments var.

Explanation

Leg bu. Thigh uylukta medial, anterior and posterior compartments var.

8. Deep muscles of the gluteal region are mainly medial rotators of the femur (thigh) at the hip joint.

True

False

The deep muscles of the gluteal region, including the piriformis, gemellus superior, obturator internus, gemellus inferior, quadratus femoris, and obturator externus, are primarily lateral rotators of the femur (thigh) at the hip joint, not medial rotators. These muscles work together to rotate the thigh outwardly when the hip joint is extended.

Explanation

The deep muscles of the gluteal region, including the piriformis, gemellus superior, obturator internus, gemellus inferior, quadratus femoris, and obturator externus, are primarily lateral rotators of the femur (thigh) at the hip joint, not medial rotators. These muscles work together to rotate the thigh outwardly when the hip joint is extended.