What does adenosine do in the brain?

builds up as we use energy, which makes you tired

The caffeine in this beverage will help a person stay up late because:

caffeine blocks adenosine from being received in the brain

caffeine increases the amount of adenosine

caffeine increases our cortisol levels

Too much stress is dangerous because:

the body does not have time to heal, rest and digest

the body has too much adenosine

the body does not have time to heal, rest and digest

the body does not have enough cortisol

Which of the following is a true statement about adenosine?

adenosine builds up as we use energy

adenosine creates high levels of stress

Caffeine is making this guy's brain think that he is:

NOT tired, because caffeine blocks his brain from receiving adenosine

NOT tired, because his brain is receiving more adenosine

NOT tired, because caffeine blocks his brain from receiving adenosine

tired, because he is using too much energy

Why is the cortisol triggered by stress helpful?

it gives the body extra energy to respond to stress

it helps the body rest and digest

6.3 Stress & Caffeine*

1.

Caffeine blocks the receptors for what hormone?
- A.
  
  Adenosine
- B.
  
  Adrenaline
- C.
  
  Estrogen
Correct Answer
A. Adenosine

Explanation
Caffeine blocks the receptors for adenosine. Adenosine is a hormone that promotes relaxation and drowsiness. By blocking its receptors, caffeine prevents adenosine from binding and exerting its effects, leading to increased alertness and reduced fatigue. This is why caffeine is commonly consumed to stay awake and improve focus.

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2.

What does adenosine do in the brain?
- A.
  
  Builds up as we use energy, which makes you tired
- B.
  
  Indicates that we are stressed
- C.
  
  Indicates that we are sick
Correct Answer
A. Builds up as we use energy, which makes you tired

Explanation
Adenosine is a molecule that accumulates in the brain as we use energy. It acts as a neurotransmitter and binds to specific receptors, causing drowsiness and promoting sleep. Therefore, as adenosine builds up, it signals to the brain that it needs rest and makes us feel tired. This explains why we feel more fatigued after a long day of physical or mental activity.

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3.

This person probably has:
- A.
  
  Low levels of adenosine
- B.
  
  High levels of cortisol
- C.
  
  Low levels of cortisol
Correct Answer
B. High levels of cortisol

Explanation
This person probably has high levels of cortisol. Cortisol is a hormone released by the adrenal glands in response to stress. High levels of cortisol can indicate chronic stress, anxiety, or an overactive adrenal gland. It can lead to symptoms such as weight gain, high blood pressure, and impaired immune function.

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4.

The caffeine in this beverage will help a person stay up late because:
- A.
  
  Caffeine blocks adenosine from being received in the brain
- B.
  
  Caffeine increases the amount of adenosine
- C.
  
  Caffeine increases our cortisol levels
Correct Answer
A. Caffeine blocks adenosine from being received in the brain

Explanation
Caffeine blocks adenosine from being received in the brain. Adenosine is a neurotransmitter that promotes sleep and relaxation. When caffeine is consumed, it binds to the adenosine receptors in the brain, preventing adenosine from binding to these receptors. As a result, the person feels more alert and awake.

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5.

Too much stress is dangerous because:
- A.
  
  The body has too much adenosine
- B.
  
  The body does not have time to heal, rest and digest
- C.
  
  The body does not have enough cortisol
Correct Answer
B. The body does not have time to heal, rest and digest

Explanation
When a person is under too much stress, their body does not have enough time to heal, rest, and digest. Stress activates the body's fight-or-flight response, which diverts resources away from these essential functions. Instead, the body focuses on immediate survival, such as increasing heart rate and blood pressure. This prolonged state of stress can lead to various health problems, including weakened immune system, digestive issues, and increased risk of chronic diseases. Therefore, it is important to manage stress levels and allow the body time to recover and perform these vital functions.

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6.

Which of the following is a true statement about adenosine?
- A.
  
  Adenosine gives us more energy
- B.
  
  Adenosine builds up as we use energy
- C.
  
  Adenosine creates high levels of stress
Correct Answer
B. Adenosine builds up as we use energy

Explanation
Adenosine is a molecule that is produced in the body as a byproduct of energy consumption. As we use energy, adenosine gradually accumulates in our system. This build-up of adenosine acts as a signal to the body that it needs to rest and recover. Therefore, the statement "adenosine builds up as we use energy" is true.

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7.

Adrenaline triggers a sympathetic response by_______________ heart rate in response to stress.
- A.
  
  Increasing
- B.
  
  Decreasing
- C.
  
  Lowering
Correct Answer
A. Increasing

Explanation
Adrenaline triggers a sympathetic response by increasing heart rate in response to stress. When the body perceives a stressful situation, the adrenal glands release adrenaline into the bloodstream. Adrenaline then binds to specific receptors on the heart, causing it to beat faster and stronger. This increased heart rate is part of the body's fight-or-flight response, preparing it to either confront the stressor or escape from it. By increasing heart rate, adrenaline ensures that the body receives more oxygen and nutrients to meet the increased demands during times of stress.

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8.

Caffeine is making this guy's brain think that he is:
- A.
  
  NOT tired, because his brain is receiving more adenosine
- B.
  
  NOT tired, because caffeine blocks his brain from receiving adenosine
- C.
  
  Tired, because he is using too much energy
Correct Answer
B. NOT tired, because caffeine blocks his brain from receiving adenosine

Explanation
Caffeine is a stimulant that blocks the receptors in the brain that receive adenosine, a neurotransmitter responsible for promoting sleep and relaxation. When these receptors are blocked, the brain does not receive the signal that it is tired, leading to a feeling of wakefulness and alertness. Therefore, the correct answer is that caffeine blocks the brain from receiving adenosine, making the person not tired.

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9.

Why is the cortisol triggered by stress helpful?
- A.
  
  It gives the body extra energy to respond to stress
- B.
  
  It helps the body rest and digest
- C.
  
  It helps the body calm down
Correct Answer
A. It gives the body extra energy to respond to stress

Explanation
Cortisol is a hormone released in response to stress. It helps the body by providing extra energy to deal with the stressor. This energy boost allows the body to respond effectively to the stress, whether it's by fighting, fleeing, or taking necessary action. By increasing blood sugar levels and suppressing non-essential functions, cortisol helps the body stay alert and focused during stressful situations. Therefore, it can be said that cortisol triggered by stress is helpful because it gives the body the energy it needs to respond to the stressor.

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