5th Grade History - Unit 13, Lesson 9

Harriett Tubman is the correct answer because she was an escaped slave who became an abolitionist and led approximately 300 other slaves to freedom through the Underground Railroad. She risked her own safety and freedom to help others escape the horrors of slavery and played a significant role in the fight for freedom and equality.

The correct answer is "A safe house or place where escaping slaves could rest and get food." This definition of a station refers to a location along the Underground Railroad where escaped slaves could find temporary refuge and support on their journey to freedom. These stations were often run by abolitionists who provided food, shelter, and assistance to the escaping slaves. They played a crucial role in helping slaves navigate the dangerous journey and find their way to the North or Canada.

The statement is false because not everyone in the United States agreed on the issue of slavery and secession. The issue of slavery was highly controversial and led to significant divisions and tensions between different regions and groups within the country. These divisions ultimately contributed to the secession of the Southern states and the outbreak of the American Civil War.

An abolitionist is someone who opposed slavery and actively worked towards its end. They were individuals who fought against the institution of slavery, advocating for its abolition and working towards the liberation of enslaved people. These individuals played a crucial role in the movement to end slavery, using various methods such as public speaking, writing, organizing protests, and supporting the Underground Railroad. Their efforts were instrumental in bringing about the eventual emancipation of enslaved individuals and the abolition of slavery.

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Daniel Webster, a prominent American statesman, was indeed willing to compromise on the issue of slavery in order to maintain the unity of the United States. He believed that preserving the Union was of paramount importance, even if it meant compromising on the contentious issue of slavery. Webster's famous "Seventh of March" speech in 1850 is a testament to his willingness to find a middle ground and avoid the outbreak of a civil war. Despite his personal opposition to slavery, he prioritized the preservation of the Union over his own beliefs.

The statement is incorrect. John Brown did not successfully end slavery by leading an attack on Harpers Ferry. In fact, the attack on Harpers Ferry was a failed attempt by Brown and his followers to start a slave rebellion. Brown was captured and executed, and it was not until later events, such as the American Civil War, that slavery was ultimately abolished in the United States.

Harriett Beecher Stowe helped end slavery by writing Uncle Tom's Cabin. This novel, published in 1852, depicted the harsh realities of slavery and the inhumane treatment of enslaved individuals. It became a bestseller and had a profound impact on public opinion, raising awareness about the cruelty of slavery. The book humanized enslaved characters and stirred emotions, contributing to the growing abolitionist movement in the United States. Uncle Tom's Cabin is considered a significant catalyst for the eventual abolition of slavery.

The Underground Railroad was a system of people, homes, and farms that aided escaping slaves. It was not a physical railroad or a means of transporting goods, but rather a network of individuals who provided shelter, food, and assistance to slaves seeking freedom. This network operated in secret and helped thousands of slaves escape to the North or Canada during the 19th century.

The Supreme Court decided in the Dred Scott case that slaves were property, the Fifth Amendment protected property, and that blacks did not have the right to citizenship in the United States. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above."

Secession refers to the act of leaving the Union. In the context of the given question, Daniel Webster was willing to allow slavery to continue in order to prevent the Southern states from seceding from the Union. This suggests that Webster prioritized maintaining the unity of the United States over addressing the issue of slavery.

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John Calhoun believed in the concept of nullification, which means that if a state believed that a law was unconstitutional, it had the right to refuse to follow or enforce that law within its borders. In other words, the state had the right not to obey the law. This idea was based on the belief that the states had the ultimate authority to determine the constitutionality of federal laws and could take action to protect their own interests.