What's Up With Atomic Orbital?

The shape of an s orbital is a sphere. This is because an s orbital is a region of space where there is a high probability of finding an electron. It is spherically symmetric, meaning that the probability of finding an electron is the same at any point on the surface of the sphere. This is different from p and d orbitals, which have different shapes and orientations.

Argon has 18 protons. The atomic number of an element corresponds to the number of protons in its nucleus. Since the question is asking for the number of protons in Argon, the correct answer is 18.

The first energy level can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. This is because the first energy level, also known as the K shell, has only one sublevel which is the s sublevel. The s sublevel can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. Therefore, the correct answer is 2.

Zinc has an atomic number of 30. The atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Since zinc has an atomic number of 30, it means that it has 30 protons. The other elements listed, silver, gold, and carbon, have atomic numbers of 47, 79, and 6 respectively, which are different from the atomic number of zinc. Therefore, the correct answer is zinc.

The shape of a p orbital is a dumbbell. This is because a p orbital has two lobes, one on each side of the nucleus, which resemble the shape of a dumbbell. The dumbbell shape is a result of the constructive and destructive interference of the electron waves in the orbital.

The S orbital has the least amount of energy. This is because the energy of an orbital is determined by its size and distance from the nucleus. The S orbital is the smallest and closest to the nucleus compared to the other orbitals (P and D orbitals), resulting in lower energy levels.

In a given sublevel, there are a total of five d orbitals. These orbitals are designated as dxy, dyz, dxz, dx²-y², and dz². Each orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons, resulting in a total of ten electrons that can occupy the d sublevel. However, the question specifically asks for the number of d orbitals, which is five.

The highest occupied energy level refers to the energy level in an atom or molecule that contains the highest energy electrons. In this case, the correct answer is 3, indicating that the electrons are occupying the third energy level.

Germanium is the correct answer because it is the only element listed that has an atomic number of 73. Atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, and Germanium specifically has 73 protons. Gold has an atomic number of 79, sulfur has an atomic number of 16, and selenium has an atomic number of 34, making them incorrect choices for this question.

Each p orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. This is because the p orbital has three suborbitals, each of which can accommodate 2 electrons due to the Pauli exclusion principle. Therefore, the total number of electrons that can be held in a p orbital is 2.