Could You Pass This CEN Certification Exam? Trivia Quiz

Normal saline is used in clinics to ensure the optimum level of body fluid because it is a solution containing the same concentration of salt as the body's cells. This makes it compatible with the body's fluids and helps to restore and maintain fluid balance. It is commonly used for hydration, to replace lost fluids, and to dilute medications for intravenous administration.

Haemorrhage refers to the loss of blood from the circulatory system. It can occur internally or externally and can be caused by various factors such as trauma, injury, or medical conditions. Haemorrhage can lead to significant blood loss, which can result in symptoms such as weakness, dizziness, low blood pressure, and potentially life-threatening complications if not treated promptly.

White cells, also known as leukocytes, are responsible for defense in the blood. They play a crucial role in the immune system by protecting the body against harmful pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. White cells are able to identify and destroy these foreign invaders, preventing infection and disease. They also help in the healing process by removing dead or damaged cells from the body. Therefore, white cells are an essential component of the blood's defense mechanism.

Platelets are responsible for blood coagulation. When there is an injury or damage to a blood vessel, platelets are activated and form a plug at the site of injury. They release chemicals that attract more platelets and help in the formation of a stable clot. This clot prevents excessive bleeding and allows the wound to heal. White cells, red cells, and plasma do not play a direct role in blood coagulation.

The correct answer is the heart. The heart is the central organ of the circulatory system and is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. It receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the rest of the body through blood vessels. The heart also receives deoxygenated blood from the body and sends it to the lungs for oxygenation. Without the heart, the circulatory system would not be able to function properly.

Blood is the correct answer because it is the fluid of the circulatory system. It carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body, delivering them to the cells and organs that need them. Blood is composed of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, and it circulates through a network of blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries. The heart pumps the blood, but it is the blood itself that is the fluid responsible for transporting substances within the circulatory system.

Normal saline is isotonic with plasma because it has the same concentration of solutes as plasma. This means that it has the same osmotic pressure as plasma and will not cause water to move into or out of cells. Normal saline is commonly used in medical settings for fluid replacement and to maintain hydration because it is compatible with the body's fluids. Hydrochloric acid, Kalikrein, and Hydrocynide are not isotonic with plasma and would not be suitable for fluid replacement.

The spleen is part of the lymphatic system. It is an organ located in the upper left side of the abdomen. The lymphatic system is responsible for producing and storing lymphocytes, which are a type of white blood cell that helps fight infection and disease. The spleen plays a role in filtering the blood and removing old or damaged red blood cells. It also helps to produce antibodies and store blood cells. Therefore, the spleen is an important component of the lymphatic system.

Plasma is the liquid part of the blood that carries various substances such as nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. It also plays a crucial role in maintaining blood pressure and regulating body temperature. Unlike serum, which is the liquid component of blood after it has clotted, plasma contains clotting factors such as fibrinogen. Leucocytes, on the other hand, are white blood cells that are responsible for the immune response. Therefore, the correct answer is plasma.

The nervous system has the most effect on the endocrine system because it controls the release of hormones through the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. The hypothalamus sends signals to the pituitary gland, which then releases hormones that regulate various bodily functions. This communication between the nervous and endocrine systems allows for the coordination and regulation of hormone production and secretion, ultimately affecting the overall functioning of the endocrine system.