Respiraţia X

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  • 1/27 întrebări

    Reprezinta o afectiune a sistemului respirator:

    • Ateroscleroza
    • Bronsita
    • Candidoza
    • Gastrita
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Respiraţia X - Quiz
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  • 2. 

    Fermentatia alcoolica este:

    • Caracteristica plantelor verzi

    • Realizata de drojdia de bere

    • Un proces de oxidare completa

    • Utilizata in prepararea muraturilor

    Correct Answer
    A. Realizata de drojdia de bere
    Explanation
    Fermentatia alcoolica este realizata de drojdia de bere. Aceasta este un proces prin care drojdia transforma zaharurile din materiile prime (de exemplu, mustul de struguri) in alcool etilic si dioxid de carbon. Drojdia de bere este un microorganism unicelular care produce enzimele necesare pentru descompunerea zaharurilor si conversia lor in alcool. Acest proces este utilizat in fabricarea berii, a vinului si a altor bauturi alcoolice.

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  • 3. 

    La mamifere, laringele este un component al sistemului:

    • Circulator

    • Digestiv

    • Excretor

    • Respirator

    Correct Answer
    A. Respirator
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "respirator" because the question is asking for the system in which the larynx is a component. The larynx is part of the respiratory system, which is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body.

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  • 4. 

    Respiratia branhiala se întâlneste la :

    • Pesti si larvele amfibienilor

    • Balena si delfin

    • Vipera si guster

    • Caret si foca

    Correct Answer
    A. Pesti si larvele amfibienilor
    Explanation
    Respiratia branhiala se intalneste la pesti si larvele amfibienilor.

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  • 5. 

    Primul segment al cailor respiratorii este reprezentat de:

    • Cavitatea bucala

    • Faringe

    • Fose nazale

    • Laringe

    Correct Answer
    A. Fose nazale
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "fose nazale" because the first segment of the respiratory tract refers to the initial part where air enters the body and is filtered, warmed, and humidified. The fose nazale, or nasal cavities, are responsible for these functions. The cavitatea bucala, or oral cavity, is not part of the respiratory tract but the digestive system. The pharynx and larynx are further down the respiratory tract.

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  • 6. 

    Plamânii mamiferelor:

    • Contin tesut conjunctiv dur

    • Se gasesc in cavitatea abdominala

    • Au invelis reprezentat de pericard

    • Sunt acoperiti de pleure

    Correct Answer
    A. Sunt acoperiti de pleure
  • 7. 

    Respiratia aeroba:

    • Are loc in prezenta oxigenului

    • Duce la sinteza de substante organice

    • Necesita prezenta luminii

    • Se mai numeste fermentatie

    Correct Answer
    A. Are loc in prezenta oxigenului
    Explanation
    Respirația aerobă are loc în prezența oxigenului. Aceasta este o formă de respirație în care organismele utilizează oxigenul pentru a descompune moleculele de glucoză și a produce energie. Procesul implică o serie de reacții chimice în mitocondrii, care rezultă în eliberarea de dioxid de carbon și apă, precum și producerea de ATP - principala sursă de energie pentru celule. Prin urmare, prezența oxigenului este esențială pentru a permite organismelor să efectueze respirația aerobă și să producă energie eficient.

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  • 8. 

    Bacilul Koch poate produce:

    • Astm bronsic

    • Sifilis

    • TBC

    • Ulcer gastro - duodenal

    Correct Answer
    A. TBC
    Explanation
    The correct answer is TBC (tuberculosis). Bacilul Koch, also known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is the bacterium responsible for causing tuberculosis. It is a highly contagious disease that primarily affects the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body. Symptoms of tuberculosis include persistent cough, chest pain, fatigue, weight loss, and fever. If left untreated, tuberculosis can be life-threatening. Treatment typically involves a combination of antibiotics taken over a long period of time.

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  • 9. 

    La om, plamânii:

    • Isi maresc volumul in timpul expiratiei

    • Ocupa cea mai mare parte a cavitatii toracice

    • Reprezinta cai respiratorii

    • Sunt localizati inferior fata de diafragm

    Correct Answer
    A. Ocupa cea mai mare parte a cavitatii toracice
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "ocupa cea mai mare parte a cavitatii toracice." This means that the lungs occupy the largest portion of the thoracic cavity. This is true because the lungs are the primary organs responsible for respiration and are located within the thoracic cavity, filling up a significant amount of space.

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  • 10. 

    Fermentatia alcoolica:

    • Este produsa de drojdii

    • Are aplicatii in prepararea muraturilor

    • Este realizata de ciuperci bazidiomicete

    • Transforma alcoolul etilic in glucoza

    Correct Answer
    A. Este produsa de drojdii
    Explanation
    Fermentatia alcoolica este un proces care produce alcool etilic si este realizat de drojdii. Aceste organisme sunt capabile sa descompuna zaharurile in alcool si dioxid de carbon prin fermentatie. Fermentatia alcoolica este utilizata in multe procese de fabricare a bauturilor alcoolice, cum ar fi berea, vinul sau sampania. De asemenea, este importanta in producerea painii si a altor produse de panificatie.

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  • 11. 

    Respiratia anaeroba:

    • Este prezenta la bacterii si ciuperci

    • Este un proces de oxidare completa

    • Genereaza o cantitate mare de energie

    • Formeaza urmatorii produsi finali: H2O si CO2

    Correct Answer
    A. Este prezenta la bacterii si ciuperci
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "este prezenta la bacterii si ciuperci" because the statement accurately describes anaerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration is a type of respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen and is commonly found in bacteria and fungi. This process allows these organisms to generate energy without the need for oxygen.

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  • 12. 

    Suprafata de schimb gazos a plamânului la mamifere este:

    • Acinul pulmonar

    • Alveola pulmonara

    • Lobulul pulmonar

    • Bronhiola pulmonara

    Correct Answer
    A. Alveola pulmonara
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "alveola pulmonara." The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. They are surrounded by a network of capillaries, allowing oxygen to enter the bloodstream and carbon dioxide to be removed. The large number of alveoli in the lungs provides a large surface area for efficient gas exchange.

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  • 13. 

    În procesul respiratiei anaerobe:  

    • Substantele organice sunt oxidate complet

    • Se elibereaza o cantitate redusa de energie

    • Substantele anorganice sunt oxidate partial

    • Se formeaza cantitati mari de apa

    Correct Answer
    A. Se elibereaza o cantitate redusa de energie
    Explanation
    In the process of anaerobic respiration, only a small amount of energy is released. This is because anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen, and oxygen is required for the complete oxidation of organic substances, which results in the release of a larger amount of energy. In anaerobic respiration, only partial oxidation of organic substances occurs, leading to the production of smaller amounts of energy.

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  • 14. 

    Fermentatia este:

    • Un tip de respiratie aeroba

    • O modalitate de nutritie la ciuperci

    • Un tip de respiratie anaeroba

    • Un proces de sinteza la ciuperci

    Correct Answer
    A. Un tip de respiratie anaeroba
    Explanation
    Fermentatia este un tip de respiratie anaeroba. Acest proces are loc in absenta oxigenului si implica descompunerea unor substante organice, cum ar fi glucoza, pentru a produce energie. De exemplu, fermentatia lactica are loc in muschi atunci cand glucoza este convertita in acid lactic. Fermentatia este diferita de respiratia aeroba, care are loc in prezenta oxigenului, si de procesele de sinteza, care implica formarea de molecule complexe.

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  • 15. 

    În respiratia aeroba are loc:

    • Oxidarea partiala a substantelor organice

    • Obtinerea unor produsi intermediari

    • Sinteza de substante organice

    • Stocarea energiei sub forma de ATP

    Correct Answer
    A. Stocarea energiei sub forma de ATP
    Explanation
    În respirația aerobă are loc stocarea energiei sub forma de ATP. Respirația aerobă este procesul prin care organismele produc energie prin oxidarea completă a substanțelor organice în prezența oxigenului. Această oxidare eliberează energie care este captată și stocată sub forma de ATP (adenozin trifosfat), o moleculă care furnizează energie pentru majoritatea reacțiilor celulare. Astfel, stocarea energiei sub forma de ATP este unul dintre rezultatele principale ale respirației aerobe.

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  • 16. 

    Prin fermentatie, drojdiile produc:

    • Acid acetic

    • Alcool etilic

    • Glucoza

    • Alcool metilic

    Correct Answer
    A. Alcool etilic
    Explanation
    During fermentation, yeast produces alcohol, specifically ethyl alcohol. Fermentation is a metabolic process where yeast breaks down sugars, such as glucose, and converts them into alcohol and carbon dioxide. Ethyl alcohol, also known as ethanol, is the type of alcohol commonly found in alcoholic beverages. It is produced by yeast as a byproduct of their metabolic activity. Therefore, the correct answer is alcool etilic (ethyl alcohol).

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  • 17. 

    Este atât organ digestiv, cât si respirator:

    • Esofagul

    • Faringele

    • Laringele

    • Traheea

    Correct Answer
    A. Faringele
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "faringele" because the question is asking for an organ that is both part of the digestive and respiratory systems. The esophagus is only part of the digestive system, while the larynx and trachea are only part of the respiratory system. The pharynx, or faringele, is the organ that connects both systems, as it serves as a passage for both food and air.

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  • 18. 

    În timpul unei inspiratii normale:

    • Diafragma se relaxeaza

    • Aerul este expulzat din plamani

    • Presiunea intrapulmonara creste

    • Volumul pulmonar creste

    Correct Answer
    A. Volumul pulmonar creste
    Explanation
    During a normal inspiration, the diaphragm relaxes, allowing air to be expelled from the lungs. This causes an increase in intrapulmonary pressure. As a result, the volume of the lungs increases.

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  • 19. 

    În timpul unei respiratii normale când diafragma se relaxeaza:

    • Aerul iese din plamani in atmosfera

    • Presiunea aerului din plamani scade

    • Musculatura intercostala se contracta

    • Volumul cutiei toracice se mareste

    Correct Answer
    A. Aerul iese din plamani in atmosfera
    Explanation
    During a normal breath, when the diaphragm relaxes, the air is expelled from the lungs into the atmosphere.

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  • 20. 

    Respiratia aeroba:

    • Duce la eliberarea de oxigen

    • Are loc in plastide, la plante

    • Se finalizeaza cu obtinerea unor produsi intermediari

    • Se realizeaza in mitocondrii

    Correct Answer
    A. Se realizeaza in mitocondrii
    Explanation
    Respiratia aeroba are loc in mitocondrii.

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  • 21. 

    În timpul unei expiratii normale:

    • Muschii intercostali se contracta

    • Diafragma se contracta

    • Presiunea intrapulmonara creste

    • Volumul pulmonar creste

    Correct Answer
    A. Presiunea intrapulmonara creste
    Explanation
    During a normal expiration, the intercostal muscles contract, causing the ribcage to move inward. At the same time, the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward, reducing the volume of the thoracic cavity. As a result, the pressure within the lungs increases. This increase in intrapulmonary pressure helps to expel air from the lungs during expiration.

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  • 22. 

    În cazul respiratiei anaerobe:

    • Au loc reactii de oxidare completa

    • Se formeaza apa

    • Sunt oxidate substante anorganice

    • Rezulta produsi intermediari

    Correct Answer
    A. Rezulta produsi intermediari
    Explanation
    In the case of anaerobic respiration, intermediate products are formed.

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  • 23. 

    La mamifere, o expiratie normala presupune:

    • Contractia diafragmei si a muschilor intercostali

    • Cresterea presiunii intrapulmonare

    • Marirea volumului cutiei toracice

    • Patrunderea aerului cu dioxid de carbon in plamani

    Correct Answer
    A. Cresterea presiunii intrapulmonare
    Explanation
    During a normal expiration, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract. This contraction leads to an increase in intrapulmonary pressure. As a result, the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases, causing the air with carbon dioxide to be expelled from the lungs. Therefore, the correct answer is the increase in intrapulmonary pressure.

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  • 24. 

    Fermentatia lactica:

    • Este produsa de drojdii

    • Are aplicatii in prepararea muraturilor

    • Este realizata de ciuperci bazidiomicete

    • Transforma acidul lactic in glucoza

    Correct Answer
    A. Are aplicatii in prepararea muraturilor
    Explanation
    Lactic fermentation is a process that is used in the preparation of pickles. This process involves the use of lactic acid bacteria to convert sugars into lactic acid, which gives the pickles their sour taste. Lactic fermentation is commonly used in the production of sauerkraut, kimchi, and other fermented vegetables. The other options mentioned in the question, such as being produced by yeast or basidiomycete fungi, or transforming lactic acid into glucose, are not accurate explanations for lactic fermentation.

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  • 25. 

    Fermentatia alcoolica:

    • Presupune oxidarea completa a unor substante anorganice

    • Consta in transformarea acidului acetic in alcool etilic

    • Este produsa de ciuperci unicelulare

    • Reprezinta un proces aerob

    Correct Answer
    A. Este produsa de ciuperci unicelulare
    Explanation
    Fermentatia alcoolica este procesul prin care anumite microorganisme, cum ar fi ciupercile unicelulare, transforma zaharurile in alcool etilic si dioxid de carbon. Acest proces are loc in absenta oxigenului (anaerob) si nu implica oxidarea completa a substantelor anorganice. Prin urmare, afirmatia "este produsa de ciuperci unicelulare" este corecta.

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  • 26. 

    Prin fermentatie, drojdiile transforma:

    • Acidul lactic

    • Alcoolul etilic

    • Glucoza

    • Iaurtul

    Correct Answer
    A. Glucoza
    Explanation
    During fermentation, yeast converts glucose into various products such as alcohol, carbon dioxide, and energy. This process is commonly used in the production of alcoholic beverages and bread. Glucose is a simple sugar that serves as a fuel source for yeast, which breaks it down through a series of chemical reactions to produce energy and other byproducts. Therefore, the correct answer is glucose.

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  • 27. 

    În timpul inspiratiei:

    • Muschiul diafragm se relaxeaza

    • Presiunea aerului din plamani este constanta

    • Sternul se indeparteaza de coloana vertebrala

    • Baza cutiei toracice se ridica

    Correct Answer
    A. Sternul se indeparteaza de coloana vertebrala
    Explanation
    During inspiration, the diaphragm muscle relaxes, causing the base of the thoracic cavity to rise. This expansion of the thoracic cavity increases the volume of the lungs, creating a decrease in pressure. As a result, air flows into the lungs. The sternum, which is connected to the ribs, moves upwards and away from the spinal column, allowing for further expansion of the thoracic cavity and facilitating the inhalation of air.

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