World Cancer Day Quiz

All of these options are correct ways to prevent cancer. Avoiding tobacco and alcohol consumption reduces the risk of developing certain types of cancer, as these substances are known carcinogens. Eating a healthy diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, can also lower the risk of cancer. Additionally, getting regular medical care, including cancer screenings and check-ups, can help detect cancer at an early stage or even prevent it from occurring. Therefore, all of these efforts are important in the prevention of cancer.

Ataxia is not a type of cancer. Ataxia is a neurological disorder that affects coordination and balance, causing difficulties with movements. Cancer, on the other hand, refers to the abnormal growth of cells that can invade and destroy surrounding tissues. Carcinoma, sarcoma, and melanoma are all types of cancer that can affect various organs and tissues in the body.

All of these can be causes of cancer. Obesity is linked to an increased risk of developing various types of cancer, including breast, colon, and pancreatic cancer. Smoking is a well-known cause of lung cancer, as well as other types of cancer such as throat, mouth, and bladder cancer. Drinking alcohol in excessive amounts can increase the risk of developing several types of cancer, including liver, breast, and colorectal cancer. Therefore, all three factors - obesity, smoking, and drinking alcohol - can contribute to the development of cancer.

Metastasis is the process in which cancer cells spread from the primary tumor to other parts of the body. During metastasis, cancer cells break away from the original tumor, invade nearby tissues, and enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system to reach distant organs. This process is crucial for the progression of cancer and contributes to its ability to become life-threatening. Metastasis allows cancer cells to establish secondary tumors in different parts of the body, making it difficult to treat and control the disease.

Leukemia is the correct answer because it is a cancer that starts in the tissue of the bone marrow, which is responsible for producing blood cells. Leukemia occurs when abnormal white blood cells are produced in large quantities, crowding out healthy blood cells and impairing the body's ability to fight infections. Other options like adenocarcinoma, melanoma, and germ cell tumor do not specifically involve the bone marrow or blood cell production.

Unlike normal cells, cancer cells can grow without any signals telling them to grow. Unlike normal cells, cancer cells can manipulate the immune system to hide. Both A & C statements are correct.

Basal cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer that starts in the lower or base layer of the epidermis. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, and the basal cell layer is the deepest layer of the epidermis. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common type of skin cancer, and it usually develops in areas that are frequently exposed to the sun, such as the face, neck, and hands. It typically appears as a small, shiny bump or a red patch on the skin, and it tends to grow slowly over time. If left untreated, basal cell carcinoma can invade surrounding tissues and cause disfigurement.

The statement "Usually, the body eliminates cells that have damaged DNA before they can turn cancerous" is true about cancer. The body has a natural defense mechanism to recognize and eliminate cells with damaged DNA, preventing them from becoming cancerous. However, in some cases, this defense mechanism fails, leading to the development of cancer. This statement highlights the importance of the body's ability to detect and eliminate abnormal cells as a protective measure against cancer.

Urothelial carcinoma is another term for transitional cell carcinoma. Transitional cell carcinoma is a type of cancer that develops in the cells lining the urinary tract, including the bladder, ureters, and renal pelvis. It is the most common type of bladder cancer and can also occur in other parts of the urinary system. The term "urothelial carcinoma" is used to describe this type of cancer because it originates from the urothelial cells that line the urinary tract. Adrenocortical cancer and hyperplasia are unrelated conditions, and none of these options are alternative terms for transitional cell carcinoma.

Both hyperplasia and dysplasia may or may not lead to cancer. While hyperplasia refers to an increase in the number of cells in a tissue, dysplasia refers to an abnormal growth and development of cells. Although both conditions can be precursors to cancer, they do not always progress to malignancy. The likelihood of cancer development depends on various factors such as the extent and severity of the tissue changes, the presence of additional genetic mutations, and the overall health of the individual. Therefore, it cannot be definitively stated that either hyperplasia or dysplasia will certainly lead to cancer.