Peds Diabetes Quiz: Can You Manage Type 1?

1. What is the correct angle for subcutaneous insulin injection in children?

30 degrees

45 degrees

90 degrees

15 degrees

2. What is the most important aspect of family education for Type 1 diabetes?

Blame and guilt prevention

Empowerment through knowledge and skill-building

Strict dietary restriction

Isolation from peers

3. A parent asks about exercise and insulin. What is the correct guidance?

Avoid exercise to prevent hypoglycemia

Reduce insulin before exercise and monitor glucose

Increase insulin before sports

Exercise requires no insulin adjustment

4. Which vaccine should children with Type 1 diabetes receive?

No additional vaccines needed

Influenza and pneumococcal vaccines

Only if immunocompromised

Polio vaccine only

5. A 12-year-old's continuous glucose monitor shows a downward trend. What action is needed?

Wait and recheck in 1 hour

Give fast-acting carbs and recheck

Increase insulin immediately

Ignore the trend

6. What is the primary goal of carbohydrate counting in pediatric diabetes?

Eliminate all carbohydrates

Match insulin dose to carbohydrate intake

Prevent the child from eating

Reduce total calories only

7. How often should a child with Type 1 diabetes have their eyes checked?

Once every 5 years

Annually or as recommended

Only if symptoms appear

Every 10 years

8. A child's insulin pump alarm sounds during school. What should the school nurse do first?

Ignore it; the child will handle it

Check glucose and troubleshoot the pump

Call parents immediately without assessment

Give insulin injection right away

9. Which complication is a long-term risk of poorly controlled Type 1 diabetes?

Retinopathy and nephropathy

Hypoglycemia only

Obesity

Hypothyroidism only

10. An 8-year-old shows signs of infection and elevated glucose. What is the priority?

Increase insulin dose only

Assess for illness, monitor glucose, maintain hydration

Reduce insulin to prevent hypoglycemia

Skip meals to lower glucose

11. A 6-year-old with Type 1 diabetes has a blood glucose of 45 mg/dL. What is the priority intervention?

Administer 15g fast-acting carbohydrates

Give insulin immediately

Check ketones

Call 911 first

12. A parent reports their child refuses to eat lunch. What nursing action is appropriate?

Reduce insulin dose before meals

Delay insulin until child eats

Give insulin as scheduled and monitor closely

Skip lunch insulin entirely

13. Which carbohydrate is best for treating acute hypoglycemia?

Complex carbs (bread, pasta)

Simple sugars (juice, glucose tablets)

Protein (peanut butter)

Fat (ice cream)

14. What is the first sign of hypoglycemia in a sleeping child?

Nightmares and restlessness

Bed-wetting

Sweating and tremors

All of the above

15. A child is scheduled for surgery. How should insulin be managed?

Give full dose the morning of surgery

Hold all insulin until after surgery

Give reduced dose and monitor glucose closely

Double the usual dose

16. Which sign suggests diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in a child?

Fruity-smelling breath and rapid, deep breathing

Trembling and sweating

Slow, shallow breathing

Pale skin and bradycardia

17. A parent asks how to store unopened insulin vials. What is correct?

Room temperature in a cupboard

Refrigerator at 2–8°C (36–46°F)

Freezer

On the counter near a window

18. What is the recommended blood glucose target range for a school-age child with Type 1 diabetes?

80–130 mg/dL

60–100 mg/dL

150–200 mg/dL

100–180 mg/dL

19. A 10-year-old's HbA1c is 9.5%. What does this indicate?

Excellent glycemic control

Average blood glucose around 240 mg/dL over 3 months

Risk of immediate hypoglycemia

No need for insulin adjustment

20. Which insulin type has the fastest onset and shortest duration?

NPH (neutral protamine Hagedorn)

Rapid-acting (lispro, aspart)

Long-acting basal (glargine)

Regular human insulin