Acid-Base Quiz: Can You Balance The PH?

1. A patient with sepsis shows pH 7.28, HCO3− 14 mEq/L, PaCO2 32 mmHg. What is the primary disorder and compensation?

Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation

Respiratory acidosis with metabolic compensation

Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation

Respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation

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3. A patient receiving continuous nasogastric suction develops which acid-base disorder?

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory acidosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Respiratory alkalosis

4. In metabolic acidosis, respiratory compensation occurs through ____.

Decreased minute ventilation

Increased minute ventilation

Breath-holding

Shallow breathing pattern

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7. Which medication can cause metabolic alkalosis by promoting potassium and chloride loss?

Loop diuretics

ACE inhibitors

Potassium-sparing diuretics

Beta-blockers

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9. A patient vomiting for 3 days develops metabolic alkalosis. Which mechanism is responsible?

Loss of bicarbonate in gastric fluid

Loss of hydrochloric acid and chloride ions

Increased renal bicarbonate reabsorption

Respiratory center depression

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11. A patient's ABG shows pH 7.32, HCO3− 18 mEq/L, and PaCO2 40 mmHg. What acid-base disorder is present?

Respiratory acidosis

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis

12. Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with metabolic alkalosis?

Hyperkalemia

Hypokalemia

Hypernatremia

Hypophosphatemia

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14. Which clinical condition most commonly causes metabolic acidosis?

Prolonged vomiting

Renal failure

Hyperaldosteronism

Excessive antacid use

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17. Which ABG values indicate metabolic alkalosis?

PH 7.50, HCO3− 30 mEq/L, PaCO2 45 mmHg

PH 7.30, HCO3− 18 mEq/L, PaCO2 35 mmHg

PH 7.25, HCO3− 20 mEq/L, PaCO2 50 mmHg

PH 7.45, HCO3− 22 mEq/L, PaCO2 40 mmHg

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20. Which condition causes respiratory alkalosis?

Pneumonia with decreased ventilation

Hyperventilation from anxiety or pain

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Narcotic overdose

Acid-Base Quiz: Can You Balance the pH?

1. A patient with sepsis shows pH 7.28, HCO3− 14 mEq/L, PaCO2 32 mmHg. What is the primary disorder and compensation?

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. Normal PaCO2 range is ____ mmHg.

3. A patient receiving continuous nasogastric suction develops which acid-base disorder?

4. In metabolic acidosis, respiratory compensation occurs through ____.

5. Normal HCO3− range in arterial blood is ____ mEq/L.

6. A patient with panic attack hyperventilates and develops respiratory alkalosis. Treatment should include ____.

7. Which medication can cause metabolic alkalosis by promoting potassium and chloride loss?

8. When interpreting ABGs, if pH is abnormal and PaCO2 and HCO3− change in the same direction, this indicates ____.

9. A patient vomiting for 3 days develops metabolic alkalosis. Which mechanism is responsible?

10. In acute respiratory acidosis, the kidneys require ____ hours to begin significant bicarbonate retention.

11. A patient's ABG shows pH 7.32, HCO3− 18 mEq/L, and PaCO2 40 mmHg. What acid-base disorder is present?

12. Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with metabolic alkalosis?

13. A patient hyperventilating due to pulmonary embolism will develop respiratory alkalosis. The respiratory center responds by ____.

14. Which clinical condition most commonly causes metabolic acidosis?

15. Normal arterial blood pH range is ____.

16. A COPD patient with chronic respiratory acidosis has adapted by increasing serum bicarbonate. This is an example of ____.

17. Which ABG values indicate metabolic alkalosis?

18. In respiratory acidosis, the kidneys compensate by ____.

19. A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis presents with rapid, deep breathing. This breathing pattern is called ____.

20. Which condition causes respiratory alkalosis?