Acid-Base Quiz: Can You Balance The PH?

1. Which condition causes respiratory alkalosis?

Pneumonia with decreased ventilation

Hyperventilation from anxiety or pain

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Narcotic overdose

2. In metabolic acidosis, respiratory compensation occurs through ____.

Decreased minute ventilation

Increased minute ventilation

Breath-holding

Shallow breathing pattern

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4. Which medication can cause metabolic alkalosis by promoting potassium and chloride loss?

Loop diuretics

ACE inhibitors

Potassium-sparing diuretics

Beta-blockers

5. A patient with sepsis shows pH 7.28, HCO3− 14 mEq/L, PaCO2 32 mmHg. What is the primary disorder and compensation?

Metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation

Respiratory acidosis with metabolic compensation

Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation

Respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation

6. Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with metabolic alkalosis?

Hyperkalemia

Hypokalemia

Hypernatremia

Hypophosphatemia

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8. Which ABG values indicate metabolic alkalosis?

PH 7.50, HCO3− 30 mEq/L, PaCO2 45 mmHg

PH 7.30, HCO3− 18 mEq/L, PaCO2 35 mmHg

PH 7.25, HCO3− 20 mEq/L, PaCO2 50 mmHg

PH 7.45, HCO3− 22 mEq/L, PaCO2 40 mmHg

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10. A patient's ABG shows pH 7.32, HCO3− 18 mEq/L, and PaCO2 40 mmHg. What acid-base disorder is present?

Respiratory acidosis

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis

11. Which clinical condition most commonly causes metabolic acidosis?

Prolonged vomiting

Renal failure

Hyperaldosteronism

Excessive antacid use

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15. A patient vomiting for 3 days develops metabolic alkalosis. Which mechanism is responsible?

Loss of bicarbonate in gastric fluid

Loss of hydrochloric acid and chloride ions

Increased renal bicarbonate reabsorption

Respiratory center depression

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19. A patient receiving continuous nasogastric suction develops which acid-base disorder?

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory acidosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Respiratory alkalosis

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Acid-Base Quiz: Can You Balance the pH?

1. Which condition causes respiratory alkalosis?

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. In metabolic acidosis, respiratory compensation occurs through ____.

3. Normal HCO3− range in arterial blood is ____ mEq/L.

4. Which medication can cause metabolic alkalosis by promoting potassium and chloride loss?

5. A patient with sepsis shows pH 7.28, HCO3− 14 mEq/L, PaCO2 32 mmHg. What is the primary disorder and compensation?

6. Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with metabolic alkalosis?

7. Normal arterial blood pH range is ____.

8. Which ABG values indicate metabolic alkalosis?

9. A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis presents with rapid, deep breathing. This breathing pattern is called ____.

10. A patient's ABG shows pH 7.32, HCO3− 18 mEq/L, and PaCO2 40 mmHg. What acid-base disorder is present?

11. Which clinical condition most commonly causes metabolic acidosis?

12. A patient hyperventilating due to pulmonary embolism will develop respiratory alkalosis. The respiratory center responds by ____.

13. A COPD patient with chronic respiratory acidosis has adapted by increasing serum bicarbonate. This is an example of ____.

14. In acute respiratory acidosis, the kidneys require ____ hours to begin significant bicarbonate retention.

15. A patient vomiting for 3 days develops metabolic alkalosis. Which mechanism is responsible?

16. When interpreting ABGs, if pH is abnormal and PaCO2 and HCO3− change in the same direction, this indicates ____.

17. In respiratory acidosis, the kidneys compensate by ____.

18. A patient with panic attack hyperventilates and develops respiratory alkalosis. Treatment should include ____.

19. A patient receiving continuous nasogastric suction develops which acid-base disorder?

20. Normal PaCO2 range is ____ mmHg.