Advanced Upper Body Anatomy Quiz

The correct answer is Latissimus Dorsi and Subscapularis, as they are the muscles located at the back of the armpit region and contribute to its posterior border.

The Longissimus muscle is part of the erector spinae group and runs from transverse process to transverse process, ending on the mastoid process. The other incorrect answers are not specifically related to the description provided in the question.

The Quadratus Lumborum muscle is located in the lower back and forms the muscular bed for the kidneys, providing support and protection for these organs.

The Teres Major muscle has similar actions to the Latissimus Dorsi, such as adduction, extension, and medial rotation of the shoulder.

The bench press primarily targets the Pectoralis Major, which is the major muscle group responsible for horizontal adduction of the shoulder joint. The other options mentioned are not the primary muscles worked during a bench press exercise.

The erector spinae group is comprised of three muscles: Spinalis Group (medial), Longissimus Thoracis (intermediate), and Iliocostalis Lumborum (lateral). The Multifidus muscle, although important for spinal stability, is not part of the erector spinae group.

The Latissimus Dorsi muscle is the widest muscle of the back and is responsible for adducting, extending, and internally rotating the shoulder.

The Bicipital groove is located on the humerus bone where the long head of the biceps brachii muscle inserts. The correct answer lists the three muscles that insert on the Bicipital groove, which are Latissimus Dorsi, Teres Major, and Pectoralis Major.

The Quadratus Lumborum muscle is responsible for lateral flexion and hiking the hip. The other three muscles mentioned have different functions in the body.

The esophageal hiatus is located at the T-10 level in the thoracic spine. This is where the esophagus passes through the diaphragm to reach the stomach. Option T-5 is incorrect as it is higher up in the thoracic spine, Option L-2 is incorrect as it is in the lumbar spine, and Option C-7 is incorrect as it is in the cervical spine.

When viewing the posterior aspect of the scapula, the largest rotator cuff muscle is the Infraspinatus Muscle. It plays a key role in external rotation of the shoulder joint.

The erector spinae group consists of three muscle columns: Ilicostalis (most lateral), Longissimus (intermediate), and Spinalis (most medial). Semispinalis is not part of the erector spinae group.

The Levator scapula and the upper fibers of Trapezius are the primary muscles responsible for shoulder shrugging. The other muscle combinations listed do not directly contribute to shoulder shrugging.

The correct answer includes Serratus Posterior Inferior and Serratus Posterior Superior as the muscles that act as accessory breathing muscles of the back. The incorrect answers do not play a significant role in accessory breathing.

The correct term to describe the relationship of the thumb to the humerus is 'Distal'. When referring to body parts, 'distal' means further away from the center of the body or point of attachment.

The Trapezius muscle is responsible for performing various movements of the shoulder girdle. Elevation and depression are two opposite actions that the Trapezius muscle can perform to move the scapula up and down, respectively. The other incorrect answers do not involve actions commonly associated with the Trapezius muscle.

The Serratus Anterior muscle is responsible for abducting (protracting) the scapula away from the spine. It helps in movements like pushing and reaching forward.

The landmarks on the Sternum are the Manubrium, Xiphoid Process, and Body of the Sternum. The incorrect answers provided do not correspond to landmarks on the Sternum.

Winging of the scapula is primarily caused by weakness in the Serratus Anterior muscle, which is responsible for stabilizing the scapula against the rib cage during arm movements.

The Phrenic Nerve is the primary nerve responsible for supplying the Diaphragm. It originates from the C3-C5 spinal nerves.

The trapezius, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor muscles are responsible for retracting the scapula by pulling it towards the vertebral column. The incorrect answers provided are muscles that are not primarily involved in scapular retraction.

The pectoralis major muscle is located in the anterior chest wall and is responsible for forming the anterior wall of the axilla. The deltoid, trapezius, and latissimus dorsi muscles are located in different areas of the upper body and do not directly contribute to the anterior wall of the axilla.

The respiratory diaphragm has three main openings - Vena Caval, Esophageal hiatus, and Aortal hiatus. These openings allow for the passage of important structures such as the inferior vena cava, esophagus, and the descending aorta through the diaphragm.

The diaphragm is the primary muscle responsible for respiration as it contracts and relaxes to control breathing by creating and expanding the thoracic cavity.

When using crutches, the Tricep Brachii muscle plays the most significant role in supporting body weight due to its location and function in extending the elbow to support the upper body weight while using crutches.

The correct answer is the Pectoralis Major because when this muscle is tight, it can compress the brachial plexus, leading to pain and tingling sensations down the arm. The Trapezius, Deltoid, and Biceps Brachii are not directly involved in impinging the brachial plexus in the same way.

The rectus abdominis is the muscle responsible for flexing the trunk, while the erector spinae, latissimus dorsi, and quadratus lumborum are not the major flexors of the trunk.

The muscles Rectus Abdominis, Trapezius, and Deltoid do not specifically assist in raising and depressing the ribs for respiration. The same applies to Gluteus Maximus, Biceps Brachii, and Sartorius. Lastly, Serratus Anterior, Pectoralis Major, and Latissimus Dorsi are not primarily involved in rib movement for respiration.

The Pectoralis Major, Coracobrachialis, Latissimus Dorsi, and the Teres Major are all muscles that contribute to adduction of the shoulder joint. Adduction is the movement of a body part toward the midline of the body or towards the body. In this case, it refers to the movement of the arm towards the midline of the body.

The correct answer is 7 because there are a total of 12 pairs of ribs in the human body, with the first 7 pairs being true ribs that directly connect to the sternum.