CLEP Exam Prep: Principles of Management Quiz

Management involves not just overseeing tasks, but also utilizing resources effectively to achieve organizational goals.

An operational goal implies a specific target that can be measured to track progress and success, rather than a broad objective without clear indicators of achievement.

Henry Fayol is known for his five functions of management and 14 Principles of Management, while Frederick Taylor, Peter Drucker, and Elton Mayo are known for their contributions to management theory but did not describe the specific functions mentioned.

Product development involves the creation of new products, improvement of existing products, and alterations to old products to meet customer needs and market demands.

Informal Organization focuses on social connections and personal interactions within a group, rather than strictly following formal guidelines or protocols.

Mechanistic structure is characterized by centralization, standardization, and a focus on individual specialization, simple integrating mechanisms, and much written communication. Decentralization, lack of written communication, and informal status based on personal relationships are more aligned with Organic Structure.

Frederick Herzberg is the correct answer as he is the psychologist known for his work on motivation and human relations. While Abraham Maslow, Douglas McGregor, and Clayton Alderfer are also notable figures in the field of motivation, they are not specifically attributed to the development of the Hygiene Theory and Motivation theories.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs motivational model categorizes human needs into five levels, starting from the basic biological and physiological needs to the highest level of self-actualization. Emotional, material, and intellectual needs are not part of Maslow's original model.

The correct answer describes the Grapevine as an informal communication channel within an organization, while the incorrect answers provide alternative interpretations of the term that do not align with its actual meaning.

While Joseph Juran and Kaoru Ishikawa are also notable figures in the field of quality management, W. Edwards Deming is specifically credited with the creation of the 'Fourteen Points' system for achieving Total Quality Management (TQM). Philip B. Crosby, on the other hand, is known for his concept of 'Zero Defects' and not the 'Fourteen Points' system.

Referent power is based on admiration and emulation towards a leader, not on formal authority, rewards/punishments, or coercive tactics.

Henry Mintzberg identified three broad categories of managerial roles that encompass the various activities managers engage in within an organization.

The correct answer outlines the systematic approach to decision-making, which involves defining the problem, considering limiting factors, generating alternatives, implementing the decision, and setting up an evaluation system for feedback and control. The incorrect answers suggest haphazard or ineffective methods that deviate from the structured process.

The Delphi Technique is a method used in group decision-making and forecasting, not related to statistical analysis, meditation, or cooking.

Max Weber is known for his work in sociology, particularly his analysis of bureaucracy and its structure.

Line Authority refers to the authority within the chain of command, Staff Authority refers to support roles, and Team Authority refers to authority within a specific team or group.

Henry Fayol, a French mining engineer and management theorist, is credited with developing the 14 Principles of Management. These principles are still widely used in management studies and practices.

The correct motivators according to Herzberg's motivation theory are achievement, recognition, growth / advancement and interest in the job. These factors result from internal generators in employees, yielding motivation rather than movement.

A company's Balance Sheet is a financial statement that provides a snapshot of what a company owns and owes at a specific point in time. It includes assets, liabilities and net worth, not marketing strategy, customer satisfaction ratings or employee payroll expenses.

Leadership is not just about being in charge or having authority; it is about inspiring and motivating employees to work towards a common goal in a positive manner.

The first management position most employees will be promoted to is typically a 'Supervisor' role, overseeing a team or department.

Frederick Taylor is often referred to as the Father of Scientific Management due to his groundbreaking work in the field.

Initiative Managers are required to be self-starters who take charge of projects and drive them forward with ambition and perseverance, rather than waiting for guidance or direction from others.

The Hawthorne Experiments were conducted at AT&T's Western Electric Hawthorne Plant to test the impact of lighting on productivity. The experiments yielded unexpected results regarding human factors in the workplace.

Organic structure in organizational theory is characterized by flexibility and adaptability, making it suitable for companies that deal with unique products or services. Mechanistic structure, on the other hand, is more rigid and best for organizations with standardized tasks. Fast-growing start-ups often benefit from organic structures due to the need for quick adjustments, while highly bureaucratic organizations typically operate under mechanistic structures to maintain stability and control.

Synergy refers to the concept that a system can achieve greater results when working together than the individual parts could accomplish on their own. It emphasizes the combined effect of different parts working together in harmony.

Negotiation is a process where parties try to find a mutually agreeable solution by working together, communicating effectively, and compromising when necessary.