Anatomy of Pelvic and Thigh Muscles: Structure, Function, and Innervation

The Psoas Minor muscle originates from the body and transverse process of the first lumbar vertebra, inserts into the superior ramus of the pubis, and its action is to tilt the pelvis posteriorly. It is innervated by the lumbar plexus L1-2. The incorrect answers provide different locations, actions, and innervation for the muscle, leading to an inaccurate understanding.

The correct origin, insertion, action, and nerve supply of the iliopsoas muscle are essential for understanding its function in flexing the hip joint. It is important to differentiate these details from other muscles to have a clear understanding of their respective roles.

The Quadratus Lumborum muscles primarily originate from the posterior iliac crest, insert on the transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae L1-4, and play a role in laterally tilting the pelvis and vertebral column to the same side. They are innervated by the Lumbar Plexus (T12-L3).

Understanding the origin, insertion, action, and nerve supply of the Gluteus Medius muscle is essential to grasp its function in the body.

Gluteus Minimus originates from the gluteal surface of the ilium, inserts on the anterior aspect of the greater trochanter, and functions to abduct, medially rotate, and flex the hip. It is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve originating from the L4-S1 nerve roots.

The Gluteus Maximus muscle originates from the coccyx, edge of sacrum, and posterior iliac crest, inserts into the IT band, and upper and lower Gluteal tract. It functions to extend, laterally rotate, and abduct the hip, with nerve innervation from the Inferior Gluteal nerve (L5-S2).

The correct attachment of the Gracilis muscle is to the Inferior ramus of pubis proximally and the medial shaft of the tibia via Pes Anserinus distally, with innervation from the Obturator nerve (L2-4). The incorrect answers provide attachments of other muscles in different locations with mismatched nerves.

Piriformis syndrome is caused by irritation or compression of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle, resulting in symptoms such as pain, tingling, or numbness in the buttocks.

The correct answer provides the accurate details of the Superior Gemellus muscle, including its origin, insertion, action, and innervation. The incorrect answers provide misleading information regarding different muscles and their corresponding details.

The Obturator Internus muscle originates from the obturator membrane and inferior surface of the obturator foramen, inserts on the medial surface of the greater trochanter, and its action is to laterally rotate the hip. It is innervated by the sacral plexus, specifically nerves L5-S1.

The Inferior Gemellus is a muscle that originates from the ischial tuberosity and inserts on the medial surface of the greater trochanter. It functions to laterally rotate the hip and is innervated by the sacral plexus (L4-S2). It is important to distinguish this muscle from other hip muscles based on their origin, insertion, action, and innervation.

The correct answer for Quadratus Femoris insertion site is between the greater and lesser trochanters on the Intertrochanteric crest. The incorrect options include the Lateral Border of ischial tuberosity, Ischial spine, and Pubic symphysis, which are not the insertion sites for Quadratus Femoris.

Tensor Fascia Latae originates from the iliac crest, posterior to the ASIS and inserts into the iliotibial tract. Its actions include hip flexion, medial rotation, and abduction. The nerve supply to the muscle is from the Superior Gluteal nerve originating from the L4-S1 nerve roots.

The correct answer describes the origin, insertion, and actions of the Psoas Major muscle, specifically related to the lumbar vertebrae and hip movement. The incorrect answers provide misinformation about other muscles and their functions, emphasizing the importance of understanding muscle anatomy and function.