Characteristics and Types of Igneous Rocks Quiz

Gabbro is an intrusive igneous rock that typically has a phaneritic texture, meaning its mineral grains are large enough to be distinguished with the naked eye. It is dark in color and lacks light minerals. Granite is a light-colored intrusive igneous rock typically composed of light-colored minerals. Diorite is an intrusive igneous rock with a phaneritic texture that contains an even distribution of dark and light minerals. Peridotite is an ultramafic intrusive igneous rock that is typically green in color due to the presence of olivine.

Rhyolite is the correct answer as it is an igneous rock with an aphanitic texture and light colors. Basalt has a different texture and color composition. Granite is typically coarse-grained and not aphanitic. Obsidian is a volcanic glass with a different texture and color compared to Rhyolite.

Aphanitic texture refers to a fine-grained rock, while intermediate color and dark grey color are common characteristics of Andesite.

Andesite porphory is an igneous rock that is intermediate in color and contains phenocrysts of amphibole and/or plagioclase. Basalt is a dark-colored igneous rock, granite is a light-colored igneous rock, and rhyolite is a light-colored igneous rock with different mineral compositions than andesite porphory.

Basalt Porphyry is a type of volcanic rock containing phenocrysts of olivine, giving it a dark color.

Pumice is a type of volcanic rock known for its vesicular texture, light color, and low density, giving it a spun-glass appearance. Obsidian, basalt, and rhyolite are also types of volcanic rocks, but they do not exhibit the same characteristics as pumice.

Vesicular basalt is a type of volcanic rock known for its vesicles and dark color. Granite, slate, and limestone do not typically exhibit the same vesicular features or dark color as vesicular basalt.

Phaneritic describes the texture of rocks with visible crystals, common in granite. The light color and low density along with specific mineral composition help identify granite specifically.

Phaneritic refers to rock texture, Intermediate ColorSalt and Pepper describes the color composition, and the 50-50 white/black mix is characteristic of Diorite.

Basalt is a fine-grained igneous rock that is dark in color and is commonly found at divergent plate boundaries and mantle hotspots. Granite is a coarse-grained igneous rock, while sandstone and limestone are sedimentary rocks, which are not typically found at plate margins or mantle hotspots.

Rhyolite Porphory is a type of igneous rock with large crystals known as phenocrysts embedded in a finer grained matrix. The presence of phenocrysts of orthoclase and quartz with a light color is a characteristic feature of Rhyolite Porphory. Basalt is an extrusive igneous rock that typically has a dark color and fine-grained texture. Marble is a metamorphic rock formed from limestone, and Schist is a metamorphic rock with medium to coarse-grained texture.

Scoria is a dark-colored volcanic rock with a vesicular texture, making it lightweight. Obsidian is a dark, glassy volcanic rock. Basalt is a fine-grained volcanic rock, typically dark in color. Pumice is a light-colored, porous volcanic rock.

Volcanic tuff is a type of rock formed from volcanic ash, while pumice, obsidian, and rhyolite are other types of volcanic rocks with different compositions and characteristics.

Volcanic breccia is formed from large angular volcanic fragments, whereas obsidian is smooth volcanic glass, pumice is a light volcanic rock full of air bubbles, and tuff is a rock made of volcanic ash and fragments.

Peridotite is an ultramafic rock composed mainly of olivine and pyroxene, with no feldspar. Its high density is due to the presence of these heavy minerals. Granite, Basalt, and Gabbro are all different types of igneous rocks with different mineral compositions and densities.

Felsic rocks are typically associated with extreme fractional melting, resulting in a composition rich in silica and aluminum.