Ib Physics Hl Topic 5

1. Define electric potential difference.

The measure of electrical resistance in a circuit.

The electric potential energy difference per unitcharge between two points in an electric field (?V = ?Ee / q OR ?V = W / q)
Unit: V or Volts

The amount of current flowing through a wire.

The total work done in moving a charged particle in an electric field.

Electric potential difference is a measure of the energy needed to move a unit charge between two points in an electric field. It is not related to electrical resistance, current flow, or the total work done on a charged particle in the field.

Explanation

Electric potential difference is a measure of the energy needed to move a unit charge between two points in an electric field. It is not related to electrical resistance, current flow, or the total work done on a charged particle in the field.

2. 5.1.2: Determine the change in potential energy when a charge moves between two points at different potentials.

D) Potential energy increases when moving from a higher potential to a lower potential.

B) Potential energy depends only on the charge's mass, not on the electric field it's in.

A) The change in potential energy is constant regardless of the electric field strength.

The change in potential energy is the word done when moving in the electric field. If the movement is from a lower potential to a higher potential (from center of field), the electric potential energy increases.
PE=W (potential energy = work)W=FD (work = force * distance)F =Eq (Electric force = Electric field * charge)PE = E*q*d

C) Moving in an electric field does not require any work to be done, so the potential energy stays the same.

The correct answer explains the relationship between movement in an electric field and the change in potential energy. Incorrect answers a, b, and c do not accurately reflect the concepts involved in determining the change in potential energy when a charge moves between points at different potentials.

Explanation

The correct answer explains the relationship between movement in an electric field and the change in potential energy. Incorrect answers a, b, and c do not accurately reflect the concepts involved in determining the change in potential energy when a charge moves between points at different potentials.

3. Define the electronvolt.

Force experienced by an electron moving through a potential difference of one volt.

Electric charge gained by an electron moving through a potential difference of one volt.

Resistance faced by an electron moving through a potential difference of one volt.

Energy gained by an electron moving through anelectric potential difference of one volt. (OR: Work done moving an electron through an electric potentialdifference of one volt.) (1 eV = 1.60 x10-19 J)

4. Define electric current.

Electric current is the ability of a material to conduct electricity.

Electric current is the flow of charged particles in a circuit.

Electric current is the amount of voltage in a circuit.

Current is defined interms of the force per unit length between parallel current-carrying conductors.
One ampere of current (Unit A) is the amount of current in each of twoinfinitely long straight wires one meter apart experiencing a magnetic forceper unit length of 2 x 10-7 newtons)

The correct definition of electric current is the flow of electric charge carriers (usually electrons) in a medium. This definition emphasizes the movement of charge.

Explanation

The correct definition of electric current is the flow of electric charge carriers (usually electrons) in a medium. This definition emphasizes the movement of charge.

5. Define resistance.

The amount of heat generated when current flows through a material

Ratio of potential difference applied across apiece of material to the current through the material (R = V/I)

The measure of how easily a material allows the flow of electrons

The ability of a material to conduct electricity

6. Compare ohmic and non-ohmic behavior.

Ohmic: V and I are not proportional (intercept). R changes.

Ohmic: V and I have no relationship. R remains constant.

Ohmic: V and I are proportional (graph passes through origin). R is constant. (a)
Non-Ohmic: V and I are not proportional (intercept). R changes. (b)

Non-Ohmic: V and I are proportional (graph passes through origin). R is constant.

In Ohmic behavior, V and I are directly proportional leading to a constant resistance, while in Non-Ohmic behavior, V and I do not follow a linear relationship resulting in a varying resistance.

Explanation

In Ohmic behavior, V and I are directly proportional leading to a constant resistance, while in Non-Ohmic behavior, V and I do not follow a linear relationship resulting in a varying resistance.

7. Derive and apply expressions for electrical power dissipation in resistors.

R=V/I
P=W/tP=I^2*RP=V^2/R
hence
P=IV

P=V/I^2

A=IV^2

R=I^2*R

The correct answer provides the correct formulas to derive and apply expressions for electrical power dissipation in resistors, incorporating the relationships between voltage, current, and resistance.

Explanation

The correct answer provides the correct formulas to derive and apply expressions for electrical power dissipation in resistors, incorporating the relationships between voltage, current, and resistance.

8. Define electromotive force (emf).

The amount of electricity needed to power a light bulb

The resistance of a material to the flow of electric current

The force experienced by an electron moving through a magnetic field

Totalenergy per unit charge supplied by a battery (or electrical source) around a circuit (? = ?Ee/q OR ?= W/q)

9. Describe the concept of internal resistance.

Internal resistance is the resistance outside the device.

Internal resistance refers to the resistance experienced in a vacuum.

The internal resistance of the battery or electrical source (materials within device).
IR = emf - Ir (terminal voltage = emf - current*internal resistance).

Internal resistance is not relevant in electrical circuits.

Internal resistance specifically refers to the resistance within the battery or electrical source itself, not external to it. It is a critical factor in determining the overall voltage output of the device.

Explanation

Internal resistance specifically refers to the resistance within the battery or electrical source itself, not external to it. It is a critical factor in determining the overall voltage output of the device.

10. 5.2.4: Draw circuit diagrams.

Appropriate symbols and drawings in Data Booklet.

Drawing a map of the city instead of a circuit diagram.

Using emojis to represent different circuit elements.

Writing down the circuit components in words.

When drawing circuit diagrams, it is essential to use appropriate symbols and drawings as specified in the Data Booklet. Writing down the components in words, using emojis, or drawing a map of a city are incorrect approaches for representing circuit diagrams.

Explanation

When drawing circuit diagrams, it is essential to use appropriate symbols and drawings as specified in the Data Booklet. Writing down the components in words, using emojis, or drawing a map of a city are incorrect approaches for representing circuit diagrams.