Define Hematology Terms Quiz

The normal range for RBC's is 4.3-5.7, where values below or above this range may indicate certain health conditions.

HGB (Hemoglobin) is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. The normal range for HGB varies slightly among different laboratories, but generally falls between 13.2-17.3 grams per deciliter (g/dL) for adult males and 11.7-15.5 g/dL for adult females.

HCT stands for hematocrit and it is a measure of the proportion of red blood cells in the blood. The normal range for HCT in adult males is 39-49% and in adult females is 35-45%. Values outside this range can indicate various medical conditions.

The normal range for Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) is typically between 26-36. Values below or above this range may indicate potential underlying health issues.

The normal range for mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) is 31-37. Values below or above this range may indicate certain health conditions.

The normal range for RDW (Red Blood Cell Distribution Width) is 11-15. Values outside of this range may indicate certain health conditions.

Platelets are small cell fragments in the blood that help with clotting and wound healing. The normal range for platelets is typically between 150-400 x 10^9/L. Levels below or above this range can indicate certain health conditions.

MPV stands for Mean Platelet Volume, and the normal range is typically considered to be between 7.5-11.5. Any values outside of this range may indicate certain health conditions.

The correct order of WBCs based on abundance is Neutorphils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosonophils, and Basophils as provided in the mnemonic 'never let monkeys eat bananas'.

Plasma is the liquid portion of blood and is composed of water, proteins like albumin and globulins, and electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and calcium. It does not contain red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets, which are found in the cellular portion of blood.

The formed elements in blood refer to the cellular components present in the blood, including red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets (thrombocytes), which collectively perform various functions in the body such as oxygen transport, immune response, and blood clotting.

Red blood cells play a crucial role in transporting oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carrying carbon dioxide back to the lungs for exhalation. This function is facilitated by the molecule hemoglobin within the RBCs, allowing for efficient gas exchange in the body.

White blood cells are a crucial part of the immune system and primarily function to defend the body against infections and foreign invaders.

Thrombocytes, or platelets, play a crucial role in the blood coagulation process by forming clots to stop bleeding in case of injury or damage to blood vessels.

Red bone marrow is a major site of blood cell production, including red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets. This process is known as hematopoiesis.

Reticulocytes are the stage in between immature red blood cells and mature erythrocytes. Other options do not refer to immature RBCs.

Hemolysis is the process of breaking down and destruction of old red blood cells in the body.

Erythropoietin is the hormone responsible for stimulating red blood cell production. Insulin, testosterone, and thyroxine do not play a direct role in erythropoiesis.

Platelets are essential components in the clotting process and play a vital role in preventing excessive bleeding. The incorrect answers provided do not accurately describe the facts about platelets and the clotting process.

Anemia is defined as a reduction in red blood cells or a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin/hematocrit. It is not a specific diagnosis but rather a clinical sign indicating an underlying issue. The incorrect answers provide misinformation or describe different medical conditions unrelated to anemia.

Anemia is typically caused by factors such as bleeding, poor functioning bone marrow, genetics, and dietary insufficiency. Excessive iron intake, dehydration, and vitamin D deficiency are not common causes of anemia.

Anemia can be caused by a variety of factors, both intrinsic to the body's genetic makeup and extrinsic due to external influences or conditions. The correct answer provides examples of both intrinsic and extrinsic causes of anemia, while the incorrect answers offer different combinations of conditions that do not align with established causes of anemia.

Cardiovascular signs/symptoms of anemia include increased heart rate at rest, systolic murmurs, and palpitations with mild exercise. These symptoms are a result of the body trying to compensate for decreased oxygen-carrying capacity due to low red blood cell count.

Respiratory signs and symptoms of anemia typically include shortness of breath during mild exercise due to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, resulting in decreased oxygen saturation levels.

Skin signs/symptoms of anemia commonly include pallor (pale skin), jaundice (yellowing of the skin) with possible itching, coolness of the skin, and brittle, spoon-shaped nails. The incorrect answers do not accurately reflect skin manifestations of anemia.

Common CNS signs and symptoms of anemia include fatigue, headache, and irritability. Muscle weakness, dizziness, and confusion are more likely to be associated with other medical conditions rather than anemia.

Common GI symptoms of anemia include blood in stools, which may indicate bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract. Jaundice, abdominal pain, and nausea are not typically associated with anemia, but they may indicate other underlying health conditions.