Ged Science Vocabulary (cells)

An organelle is one of the many parts of a cell responsible for specific functions, not the three principles of cell theory.

Cell division refers to the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. Mitosis is one type of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells. Meiosis, cytokinesis, and apoptosis are also processes related to cell division but differ in their outcomes and mechanisms.

Meiosis is a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores. It is a crucial process in sexual reproduction, contributing to genetic diversity.

Osmosis is a specific process involving solvent molecules passing through a semipermeable membrane. Mitosis, photosynthesis, and diffusion are distinct processes that do not involve solvent movement through a membrane.

Diffusion is the process of molecules moving from high to low concentration due to random motion, it is distinct from photosynthesis, osmosis, and mitosis which are all different biological processes.

A prokaryote refers to a type of single-celled organism that lacks a distinct nucleus with a membrane. While multicellular organisms are made up of more than one cell, eukaryotes have cells with a nucleus, and viruses are infectious agents containing genetic material in a protein coat.

A microscope is the correct tool for observing small organisms and cellular structures, while a telescope is used to observe objects in space. Binoculars are used for viewing distant objects with both eyes, and a magnifying glass is typically used for enlarging small objects or text for easier viewing.

The cell wall is a unique feature found in plants, fungi, and bacteria that provides structural support and protection to the cell. It is mainly composed of cellulose, a complex carbohydrate. Unlike the cell membrane, which is a semipermeable barrier surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell, the cell wall is located outside the cell membrane.

The question initially provided was referring to the definition of 'permeable', but the correct answer is 'cytoplasm', which is a jelly-like substance found in cells.

An organism refers to any living thing, including plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria. It encompasses a wide range of life forms found on Earth.

A vacuole is a structure found in the cytoplasm of a cell, not an organ like the stomach, a specific type of cell like a brain cell, or a tissue like muscle tissue.

Brain cells, also known as neurons, are specialized cells in the brain tissue that play a crucial role in transmitting electrical signals and information throughout the nervous system. They are not the same as muscle cells, skin cells, or other types of cells found in the body.

The spinal cord is not a bone, muscle, or organ - it is a cylindrical bundle of nerve fibers that connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain.

The cerebrum is the correct answer as it is the largest part of the brain and responsible for functions such as thought, memory, and sensation. The cerebellum is actually located at the back of the skull and is responsible for coordinating muscular activity. The medulla oblongata is located at the base of the brain and is responsible for controlling vital functions such as breathing and heart rate. The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain and is responsible for secreting hormones.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. It involves the absorption of carbon dioxide and the release of oxygen, which is essential for the survival of plants and other organisms.

Chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis. It is essential for the plant's ability to convert sunlight into chemical energy.

A reaction is a chemical process where reactants are transformed into products through chemical changes. It is not related to physical states or forms of energy like light or sound.

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells generate energy from the food we eat. It is different from photosynthesis, which is the process by which plants make their own food using sunlight. Mitosis is the process by which a cell duplicates its genetic material in its nucleus.

Chloroplasts are organelles that are primarily involved in the process of photosynthesis, converting sunlight into energy. This is their main function in plant and algal cells.

The atmosphere refers to the layer of gases surrounding a planet, not the atmospheric pressure, the study of weather, or the gases surrounding the moon.

The correct answer is tissue, which is the second level of cellular organization after cells. Organelles are subunits within a cell, cells are the basic structural and functional units of life, and organisms refer to individual living beings.

An organ in terms of biology refers to a specific part of an organism with a vital function, different from other possible interpretations such as a musical instrument, type of organization, or body of water.

An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions. Each does a particular job in the body, and is made up of certain tissues.

The circulatory system is responsible for circulating blood and lymph through the body, while the respiratory system is responsible for oxygen exchange, the muscular system for movement and posture, and the nervous system for transmitting nerve impulses.

The excretory system is responsible for the process of excretion, which involves discharging wastes from the body. It plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by getting rid of metabolic waste products and excess substances.

The integumentary system is the set of organs that forms the external covering of the body and protects it from many threats such as infection, desiccation, abrasion, chemical assault and radiation damage.

DNA is made up of molecules called nucleotides, which contain a phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen base.

A microscope is specifically designed to view objects that are too small for the naked eye to see, unlike the other options mentioned.

Fructose is a type of sugar found in fruits, while lactose is the sugar found in milk. Sucrose is commonly known as table sugar, glucose is a simple sugar used by the body for energy, and maltose is a disaccharide formed from two glucose molecules.