Dermatology Essentials: Identifying Common Skin Lesions Quiz

A hematoma is specifically defined as a collection of extravasated blood trapped in the tissues and palpable to the examiner. The other incorrect options do not accurately describe what a hematoma is.

A papule is a small, solid raised bump on the skin that is typically less than 1 cm in size. It is different from a blister, cyst, or freckle in terms of its appearance and makeup.

A pustule is a dermatological term referring to a type of skin lesion, not related to flowers, rodents, or musical instruments.

A vesicle is a specific dermatological term referring to a skin lesion, not related to bones, units of measurement, or marine mammals.

A wheal is a specific dermatological term used to describe a skin reaction characterized by raised, red, itchy welts. It is commonly associated with allergic reactions and can be part of a condition known as urticaria or hives.

Atrophy refers to the wasting away or shrinking of a body part or tissue. It is commonly seen in aged individuals or as stretch marks from rapid weight gain.

A cicatrix is commonly referred to as a scar, which is an area of fibrous tissue that forms in place of normal skin after damage to the dermis layer.

A fissure refers to a cracklike lesion of the skin, commonly seen as an anal fissure. It is not related to rock formations, tropical fruits, or dance moves.

A keloid is specifically related to scarring and tissue overgrowth, not a disease, surgical procedure, or vitamin deficiency.

An ulcer is a specific medical condition characterized by a lesion on the skin or mucous membrane caused by tissue death, not related to plants, birds, or mathematical equations.

A bulla is a vesicle larger than 1/2 cm and is typically seen with second degree burns. It is different from a small blister, open sore, or redness and swelling of the skin.

Ecchymosis is commonly known as bruising and occurs due to blood leakage into the skin from damaged blood vessels. It is not caused by bacterial infections, fungal growths, or autoimmune reactions.

Petechiae are small, pinpoint hemorrhages that are typically red, purple, or brown in color and appear on the skin as tiny dots. They are caused by broken capillaries and are often a sign of a serious underlying condition.

Purpura is characterized by massive hemorrhage into the tissue under the skin, leading to purple or red discoloration of the skin.

A cyst is a closed sac-like structure that can be filled with air, fluid, pus, or other materials. It is usually non-cancerous and can occur in different parts of the body.

Crust refers to dried serum, blood, and/or pus that may occur in inflammatory and infection diseases, not to be confused with other unrelated definitions.

Erosion refers to the destruction of the surface layer of the skin due to physical or inflammatory processes, different from the other options provided.

Excoriation refers to a specific type of skin injury caused by scratching, abrasion, or burning, resulting in a hollowed-out or linear crusted area. It is not related to allergic reactions, excessive sweating, or fungal infections.

Lichenification refers to the thickening and hardening of the skin, typically as a result of prolonged scratching of irritated skin.

A plaque refers to a specific type of skin lesion that is characterized by a raised plateau-like papule greater than 1 cm in size. This distinguishes it from other skin issues like flat discolorations, small blisters, or deep cracks.

A macule refers to a flat blemish or discoloration less than 1cm in size, such as a freckle. It is not raised, blistered, or a deep cleft or crack in the skin.

Telangiectasia refers to the permanent dilation of groups of superficial capillaries and venules, leading to visible vascular networks on the skin surface.

Scales refer to small, thin flakes of keratinized epithelium commonly associated with skin conditions like psoriasis. It is not related to fish scales, insects, or bacterial infections.

A tumor can refer to any mass or swelling, including neoplasms, and is not limited to just a nodule larger than 2 cm in size.

A patch is a term used in dermatology to describe a large flat nonpalpable macule that is larger than 1 cm in diameter. It is different from other types of skin lesions such as small raised lesions (papules), fluid-filled blisters (vesicles), and superficial erosions caused by scratching or abrasion.