Advanced Genetics and Heredity Quiz for Grade 11

1. A tall pea plant was shown by a test cross to be homozygous dominant. The tall plant was crossed with a dwarf pea plant. The F1 generation of the cross will be

C. 2/3 tall and 1/3 dwarf.

B. all dwarf.

D. 3/4 tall and 1/4 dwarf.

A. all tall.

In this case, the tall pea plant is homozygous dominant (TT) and the dwarf pea plant is homozygous recessive (tt). The cross between them would result in all heterozygous tall plants (Tt) in the F1 generation as the dominant trait is expressed.

Explanation

In this case, the tall pea plant is homozygous dominant (TT) and the dwarf pea plant is homozygous recessive (tt). The cross between them would result in all heterozygous tall plants (Tt) in the F1 generation as the dominant trait is expressed.

2. In Tibetan yaks, the heterozygous condition of the alleles for brown hair (b) and white hair (w) is expressed as a bluish coat. The phenotype percentage that will be expressed by the F generation of a brown-haired yak crossed with a white-haired yak is

A. 100% blue.

B. 75% brown and 25% white.

D. 25% brown, 50% blue, and 25% white.

C. 50% brown and 50% white.

When a brown-haired yak (genotype bb) is crossed with a white-haired yak (genotype ww), all the F1 generation will be heterozygous (genotype bw), resulting in 100% blue coat color according to Mendelian genetics.

Explanation

When a brown-haired yak (genotype bb) is crossed with a white-haired yak (genotype ww), all the F1 generation will be heterozygous (genotype bw), resulting in 100% blue coat color according to Mendelian genetics.

3. The gene M is essential for life. In a cross PpMm ´ PpMm, the number of offspring out of 16 that will not survive is

E. 16

C. 9

A. 3

B. 4

In a cross between PpMm × PpMm, there is a 25% chance for each offspring to inherit the genotype mm, which lacks the essential gene M. Therefore, out of 16 offspring, approximately 4 would be expected to have the genotype mm and not survive.

Explanation

In a cross between PpMm × PpMm, there is a 25% chance for each offspring to inherit the genotype mm, which lacks the essential gene M. Therefore, out of 16 offspring, approximately 4 would be expected to have the genotype mm and not survive.

4. In guinea pigs, rough hair coat (R) is dominant to a smooth coat (r), and black hair colour (B) is dominant to white hair colour (b). A rough, black guinea pig and a rough, white guinea pig when mated produce 28 rough black, 31 rough white, 11 smooth black, and 9 smooth white offspring. The genetic composition of the parents is

RRBB and RrBB

A. RrBb and Rrbb.

RRBb and RrBB

RrBb and RrBB

In the given scenario, rough coat (R) and black color (B) are dominant. The parents produce a combination of offspring with different phenotypes, indicating that they are both heterozygous for both traits. Therefore, the correct genetic composition of the parents is RrBb and Rrbb.

Explanation

In the given scenario, rough coat (R) and black color (B) are dominant. The parents produce a combination of offspring with different phenotypes, indicating that they are both heterozygous for both traits. Therefore, the correct genetic composition of the parents is RrBb and Rrbb.

5. In which of the following lists are the structures listed in order from the simplest to the most complex?

B. tissue, organ, organ system, cell

A. organ system, organ, tissue, cell

E. cell, organ, tissue, organ system

D. cell, tissue, organ, organ system

In the correct answer, the structures are listed in order of complexity from the simplest (cell) to the most complex (organ system). Option a does not follow the complexity order, as it starts with organ system which is more complex than organ and tissue. Option b also does not follow the correct order. Option e does not start with the simplest structure as required by the question.

Explanation

In the correct answer, the structures are listed in order of complexity from the simplest (cell) to the most complex (organ system). Option a does not follow the complexity order, as it starts with organ system which is more complex than organ and tissue. Option b also does not follow the correct order. Option e does not start with the simplest structure as required by the question.