Biology 105 Lab Test 1

1. What is the primary function of ribosomes?

Involved in detoxifying harmful substances.

The organelles that synthesizes proteins.

Responsible for storing genetic information.

The powerhouse of the cell.

Ribosomes are small organelles responsible for protein synthesis in the cell, and they are not the powerhouse of the cell, do not store genetic information, or participate in detoxification processes.

Explanation

Ribosomes are small organelles responsible for protein synthesis in the cell, and they are not the powerhouse of the cell, do not store genetic information, or participate in detoxification processes.

2. What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Organelle that packages proteins within vesicles -visicle-a small membrane sac-called rough because it is studded wth ribosomes

Site of ATP production in the cell.

Facilitates cellular respiration process.

Responsible for storing genetic material in the form of DNA.

Called rough because it is studded with ribosomes.

The rough endoplasmic reticulum functions as an organelle that packages proteins within vesicles, with ribosomes giving it a 'rough' appearance.

Explanation

The rough endoplasmic reticulum functions as an organelle that packages proteins within vesicles, with ribosomes giving it a 'rough' appearance.

3. What is the main function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Site of protein synthesis in a cell

Organelle responsible for packaging and sorting proteins for transport

Organelle that synthesizes lipids (fats, membranes) .

Structure that provides structural support and aids in cell movement

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is primarily involved in synthesizing lipids, such as fats and membranes, while the other options refer to functions associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum (protein synthesis), Golgi apparatus (protein packaging and sorting), and cytoskeleton (structural support and cell movement).

Explanation

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is primarily involved in synthesizing lipids, such as fats and membranes, while the other options refer to functions associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum (protein synthesis), Golgi apparatus (protein packaging and sorting), and cytoskeleton (structural support and cell movement).

4. What is the Golgi apparatus responsible for?

Produces energy for the cell through cellular respiration

Responsible for storing water and other nutrients in a cell

Site of DNA replication in a cell

Organelle that modifies proteins form the rough ER

The Golgi apparatus is an organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) before they are transported to their final destinations.

Explanation

The Golgi apparatus is an organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) before they are transported to their final destinations.

5. What are secretory vesicles?

Cells that perform photosynthesis.

Membranous sacs that secrete products out of the cell.

Organelles that store excess water.

Proteins involved in DNA replication.

Membrane-enclosed compartments for waste disposal within the cell.

Secretory vesicles are membranous sacs specifically involved in secreting products out of the cell. They are not cells, proteins in DNA replication, or organelles for water storage or waste disposal.

Explanation

Secretory vesicles are membranous sacs specifically involved in secreting products out of the cell. They are not cells, proteins in DNA replication, or organelles for water storage or waste disposal.

6. What are lysosomes?

A type of muscle found in the human body.

Components of the respiratory system.

Protein structures in plant cells.

Membranous sacs that contain digestive enzymess

Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that contain digestive enzymes to break down waste materials in the cell.

Explanation

Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles that contain digestive enzymes to break down waste materials in the cell.

7. What are fat vacuoles?

Vacuoles that store vitamins

Vacuoles that store proteins

Membranous sacs that store lipids (fats)(energy)

Vacuoles that store carbohydrates

Fat vacuoles are specifically designed to store lipids for energy in the form of membranous sacs.

Explanation

Fat vacuoles are specifically designed to store lipids for energy in the form of membranous sacs.

8. What is the function of mitochondria?

Organelles that control cell metabolism

Organelles that regulate cell division

Organelles that produces energy for the cell.

Organelles that stores waste in the cell

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for generating the majority of a cell's ATP, which is used as a source of energy.

Explanation

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for generating the majority of a cell's ATP, which is used as a source of energy.

9. What is the function of centrioles in cell division?

Help in storing water and waste products within the cell.

Responsible for maintaining cell shape and structure.

Site of protein synthesis in the cell.

Organelle that cause the movement of chromosomes during mitosis.

Centrioles play a crucial role in organizing the microtubules that serve as the 'tracks' for the movement of chromosomes during cell division, specifically in mitosis.

Explanation

Centrioles play a crucial role in organizing the microtubules that serve as the 'tracks' for the movement of chromosomes during cell division, specifically in mitosis.