Adv.biom16l2

1. Approximately how many primordial follicles does a woman have when she enters puberty?

At that point, she has about 400,000 primordial follicles. After puberty, only a few primary oocytes each month will continue with the development of an ovum.

300,000 primordial follicles

100,000 primordial follicles

200,000 primordial follicles

When a woman enters puberty, she has about 400,000 primordial follicles in her ovaries. These follicles will gradually degenerate over time, with only a few continuing their development into mature eggs each month after puberty.

Explanation

When a woman enters puberty, she has about 400,000 primordial follicles in her ovaries. These follicles will gradually degenerate over time, with only a few continuing their development into mature eggs each month after puberty.

2. A woman is born with all of the egg cells that she will ever have...... true or false?

True. A woman has only a certain number of egg cells and cannot make more.

False. Egg cells multiply and regenerate in a woman's ovaries over time.

False. A woman can continuously produce new egg cells throughout her lifetime.

False. The number of egg cells a woman has fluctuates based on hormonal changes and diet.

Women are born with a finite number of egg cells. Unlike men who continue to produce sperm throughout their lifetime, women do not generate new egg cells after birth.

Explanation

Women are born with a finite number of egg cells. Unlike men who continue to produce sperm throughout their lifetime, women do not generate new egg cells after birth.

3. What happens when a woman enters puberty?

At that point, the cyclic release of FSH from the anterior pituitary gland will stimulate about twenty of the primordial follicles to develop into primary follicles.

The menstrual cycle stops completely.

The levels of estrogen decrease significantly.

The growth of breast tissue ceases.

During puberty, the release of FSH stimulates follicular development in the ovaries, which is an essential part of the menstrual cycle. This process does not involve a complete stop of the menstrual cycle, decrease in estrogen levels, or cessation of breast tissue growth.

Explanation

During puberty, the release of FSH stimulates follicular development in the ovaries, which is an essential part of the menstrual cycle. This process does not involve a complete stop of the menstrual cycle, decrease in estrogen levels, or cessation of breast tissue growth.

4. What happens to primary follicles?

In these primary follicles, the granulosa cells enlarge and become cuboidal.

A) The primary follicles turn into secondary follicles.

B) The primary follicles shrink in size and disappear.

C) The primary follicles develop into mature oocytes.

D) The primary follicles undergo degeneration and die.

Primary follicles are characterized by the enlargement and cuboidal transformation of granulosa cells as part of the follicular development process.

Explanation

Primary follicles are characterized by the enlargement and cuboidal transformation of granulosa cells as part of the follicular development process.

5. What is the role of zona pellucida in the follicle?

The zona pellucida is responsible for producing testosterone in the follicle.

The zona pellucida is a protective layer surrounding the developing embryo in the uterus.

Clear material, called the called the zona pellucida is layered in between the primary oocyte and the follicle. Some of the primary follicles begin to secrete estrogen under the influence of FSH, while others degenerate.

The zona pellucida helps in the maturation of sperm cells in the follicle.

The zona pellucida plays a vital role in the structure and function of the follicle by separating the primary oocyte and the follicle.

Explanation

The zona pellucida plays a vital role in the structure and function of the follicle by separating the primary oocyte and the follicle.

6. What occurs when primary follicles transform into secondary follicles?

The primary follicles transform into tertiary follicles with decreased estrogen production.

The primary follicles decrease in size and stop producing estrogen.

A few of the primary follicles then transform into secondary follicles, which increase their production of estrogen. In a secondary follicle, the granulosa cells form several layers, and a large fluid-filled space begins to form.

The primary follicles remain unchanged and do not undergo any transformation.

Primary follicles transform into secondary follicles by increasing their production of estrogen.

Explanation

Primary follicles transform into secondary follicles by increasing their production of estrogen.

7. What is the term for the fluid-filled space that pushes the primary oocyte off to one side?

Medulla

Nucleus

Cortex

Fluid-filled space, called the antrum, pushes the primary oocyte off to one side.

The antrum is a fluid-filled space that plays a role in the development of the primary oocyte.

Explanation

The antrum is a fluid-filled space that plays a role in the development of the primary oocyte.

8. What is considered a mature follicle?

When the antrum is fully formed, the follicle is considered a mature follicle. Usually, only one mature follicle forms each cycle. Most of the others degenerate, but some may continue to develop during the next cycle.

When the follicle is just starting to form, it is considered a mature follicle.

When the follicle has not reached its full size, it is considered a mature follicle.

When the antrum is absent, the follicle is considered a mature follicle.

A mature follicle is characterized by the formation of an antrum within the follicle. The antrum is a fluid-filled cavity that develops as the follicle grows and matures. Only when the antrum is fully formed, the follicle is considered mature.

Explanation

A mature follicle is characterized by the formation of an antrum within the follicle. The antrum is a fluid-filled cavity that develops as the follicle grows and matures. Only when the antrum is fully formed, the follicle is considered mature.

9. As the follicle matures, the primary oocyte completes meiosis I. What is the end result?

A. This results in four cells, each with 46 chromosomes. The cells are diploid.

This results in two cells, each with 23 chromosomes. Thus, the cells are haploid. The division of the cells is unequal, however. One of the cells is much larger than the other.

D. This results in two cells, each with 46 chromosomes. The cells are diploid.

C. This results in three cells, each with 23 chromosomes. The cells are haploid, with one cell being the polar body.

B. This results in one cell with 23 chromosomes and one cell with 46 chromosomes. The cells are both haploid and diploid.

When the primary oocyte completes meiosis I, it results in two cells, each with 23 chromosomes, making them haploid. The division is unequal with one cell being much larger than the other, known as the secondary oocyte and the first polar body.

Explanation

When the primary oocyte completes meiosis I, it results in two cells, each with 23 chromosomes, making them haploid. The division is unequal with one cell being much larger than the other, known as the secondary oocyte and the first polar body.

10. What are the main functions of the ovaries?

The main functions of the ovaries are to produce the female gamete, which is called the ovum, or egg cell and to produce the female hormones estrogen and progesterone.

Producing sperm cells and testosterone

Regulating heart rate and blood pressure

Producing insulin and glucagon

The ovaries are specifically responsible for the reproductive functions in females, such as producing eggs and hormones. The incorrect answers provided are related to functions of other organs or hormones in the body.

Explanation

The ovaries are specifically responsible for the reproductive functions in females, such as producing eggs and hormones. The incorrect answers provided are related to functions of other organs or hormones in the body.

11. What is the role of the uterus in human reproduction?

The uterus is responsible for producing sperm.

The uterus plays no role in human reproduction.

When the egg is fertilized by the sperm, the resulting zygote (the newly-conceived child) implants into the endometrium layer of the uterus to develop.

The uterus is where urine is stored before excretion.

The uterus plays a crucial role in human reproduction by providing the environment for a fertilized egg to develop into a fetus.

Explanation

The uterus plays a crucial role in human reproduction by providing the environment for a fertilized egg to develop into a fetus.

12. What are the three layers of the uterus?

Mesometrium

Epimetrium

Hypometrium

Endometriummyometriumperimetrium

The correct layers of the uterus are endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium. The incorrect answers provided do not correspond to the actual layers of the uterus.

Explanation

The correct layers of the uterus are endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium. The incorrect answers provided do not correspond to the actual layers of the uterus.

13. What is the endometrium?

The endometrium is a layer of skin cells.

The endometrium is a type of muscle tissue.

The endometrium is a layer of vascular tissue. When the egg is fertilized by the sperm, the resulting zygote (the newly-conceived child) implants into this layer of the uterus to develop.

The endometrium is a type of bone tissue.

The endometrium is a layer of tissue in the uterus where the fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus. It is not related to bone, skin, or muscle tissue.

Explanation

The endometrium is a layer of tissue in the uterus where the fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus. It is not related to bone, skin, or muscle tissue.

14. What is the myometrium?

The myometrium is a layer of bone tissue.

The myometrium is a layer of connective tissue.

The myometrium is a layer of remarkable smooth muscle. The muscle is remarkable for its ability to grow and still maintain its thickness. During a full-term pregnancy, it grows to many times its normal weight and volume

The myometrium is a layer of nerve cells.

The myometrium is specifically composed of smooth muscle tissue, not bone tissue, connective tissue, or nerve cells.

Explanation

The myometrium is specifically composed of smooth muscle tissue, not bone tissue, connective tissue, or nerve cells.

15. What is perimetrium?

The perimetrium is the thin outer layer of the uterus

The perimetrium is a type of muscle in the uterus.

The perimetrium is the innermost layer of the uterus.

The perimetrium is a hormone produced by the ovaries.

Perimetrium is the outer layer of the uterus that serves as a protective covering, not the inner layer or a type of muscle. It is not a hormone produced by the ovaries.

Explanation

Perimetrium is the outer layer of the uterus that serves as a protective covering, not the inner layer or a type of muscle. It is not a hormone produced by the ovaries.

16. Once you have had a full term pregnancy, your myometrium stretches and grows so big that it can never regain the former shape and size. True or False?

True

False!! Believe it or not......... within six weeks after pregnancy, it reduces back to essentially its normal size and volume.

Partially true

Depends on individual cases

Believe it or not......... within six weeks after pregnancy, it reduces back to essentially its normal size and volume.

Explanation

Believe it or not......... within six weeks after pregnancy, it reduces back to essentially its normal size and volume.

17. Describe uterine tubes, also called fallopian tubes.

They serve as a storage place for sperm cells.

They are not involved in the reproductive process.

They are composed of smooth muscle and ciliated epithelium. These tissues move the ovum from the ovaries to the uterus. If fertilization occurs, it usually occurs in the uterine tubes. Thus, the uterine tubes are generally called the site of conception.

They are made up of bone and cartilage.

Uterine tubes are important structures in the female reproductive system responsible for transporting the ovum for potential fertilization. The smooth muscle and ciliated epithelium lining play a crucial role in this process.

Explanation

Uterine tubes are important structures in the female reproductive system responsible for transporting the ovum for potential fertilization. The smooth muscle and ciliated epithelium lining play a crucial role in this process.

18. The uterine tubes, also called fallopian tubes are comparable to what tubes in the male?

The ejaculatory ducts

The seminiferous tubules

The epididymis

The vas deferens

The uterine tubes in females are responsible for carrying the egg from the ovary to the uterus, similar to how the vas deferens in males carry sperm from the testes to the urethra. The other options are not directly comparable to the function of the uterine tubes.

Explanation

The uterine tubes in females are responsible for carrying the egg from the ovary to the uterus, similar to how the vas deferens in males carry sperm from the testes to the urethra. The other options are not directly comparable to the function of the uterine tubes.

19. What is the vagina?

The vagina is a type of computer software.

The vagina is a type of fruit.

The vagina is a bone in the human body.

Is a smooth muscular tube with connective tissue on the outside and stratified squamous epithelium on the inside. This inner tissue is similar to the mucous membrane of the mouth. The functions of the vagina are to allow for coitus and to provide a canal through which the baby travels in order to leave the mother. Thus, the vagina is often called the birth canal during the birthing process.

The correct answer provides a detailed description of the vagina's structure and functions, emphasizing its role in reproduction and childbirth.

Explanation

The correct answer provides a detailed description of the vagina's structure and functions, emphasizing its role in reproduction and childbirth.

20. What is the cervix?

The small bone in the middle ear.

A type of tropical fruit.

The opening between the vagina and the uterus is called the cervix.

The uppermost part of the human spine.

The cervix is the narrow passage connecting the vagina and the uterus in females. It plays a crucial role in reproduction and childbirth.

Explanation

The cervix is the narrow passage connecting the vagina and the uterus in females. It plays a crucial role in reproduction and childbirth.

21. True or false? The urethra is not a part of the female reproductive system.

True. It is involved in the female reproductive system.

False. It is part of the female reproductive system.

True. It isn't. In the female, the urethra leads out of the body from the urinary bladder and opens into the anterior portion of the vestibule. The uterus, on the other hand, leads out of the body from the vagina and opens into the posterior portion of the vestibule.

False. It is.

In the female reproductive system, the urethra is not directly involved in the reproductive processes, but rather functions in the excretory system for urine elimination.

Explanation

In the female reproductive system, the urethra is not directly involved in the reproductive processes, but rather functions in the excretory system for urine elimination.

22. Where can the clitoris be found in the female reproductive system?

The clitoris can be found anterior to the vestibule. This is the erectile tissue of the female reproductive system. It provides much of the sexual stimulus for a woman during the sex act, as it is filled with sensory receptors. Typically, as sexual tension increases in a woman, her clitoris enlarges so as to increase its contact with the penis during coitus.

The clitoris is located in the fallopian tubes.

The clitoris is located in the ovaries.

The clitoris is located within the uterus.

The clitoris is actually found anterior to the vestibule in the female reproductive system, not in the fallopian tubes, uterus, or ovaries.

Explanation

The clitoris is actually found anterior to the vestibule in the female reproductive system, not in the fallopian tubes, uterus, or ovaries.

23. Imagine a sperm leaving the male during sexual intercourse. List the following structures in the order in which the sperm encounters them: uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, ovum.

The sperm enters through the uterine tubes, then moves into the ovum, uterus, and finally the vagina.

The sperm enters through the vagina. It then moves through the uterus and into the uterine tubes. In the uterine tubes, if an ovum is present, the sperm can fertilize it.

The sperm enters through the uterus, then moves into the vagina and finally encounters the ovum in the uterine tubes.

The sperm enters through the ovum, then moves into the vagina, uterus, and finally the uterine tubes.

The correct order of structures encountered by sperm during sexual intercourse is the vagina, uterus, and then the uterine tubes where fertilization of the ovum can occur.

Explanation

The correct order of structures encountered by sperm during sexual intercourse is the vagina, uterus, and then the uterine tubes where fertilization of the ovum can occur.

24. What is oogenesis?

The production of gametes in the testes

The process of sperm formation

The release of an egg from the ovary

The development of the ovum starts with oogenesis.
The production of haploid germ cells by the ovary

Oogenesis is specifically related to the development and production of female gametes in the ovary, not sperm formation, gametes in the testes, or the release of an egg.

Explanation

Oogenesis is specifically related to the development and production of female gametes in the ovary, not sperm formation, gametes in the testes, or the release of an egg.

25. What stage does oogenesis begin with?

Oogenesis begins with oogonia which are diploid cells.

B. Spermatogonia are the diploid cells that oogenesis begins with.

A. Oocytes are the diploid cells that oogenesis begins with.

C. Zygotes are the diploid cells that oogenesis begins with.

Oogonia are the precursor cells of oocytes in oogenesis, while spermatogonia are the precursor cells of sperm cells in spermatogenesis. Zygotes are the result of fertilization between a sperm cell and an egg cell.

Explanation

Oogonia are the precursor cells of oocytes in oogenesis, while spermatogonia are the precursor cells of sperm cells in spermatogenesis. Zygotes are the result of fertilization between a sperm cell and an egg cell.

26. By the fourth month of development in the womb, a female baby has roughly how many oogonia?

One million oogonia

Three million oogonia

By the fourth month of development in the womb, a female baby has roughly five million oogonia. Most of these degenerate before birth, but the rest begin meiosis. They stop, however, during prophase I.

Ten million oogonia

During the fourth month of development in the womb, a female baby has about five million oogonia. This large number reduces significantly before birth, with the remaining oogonia beginning meiosis.

Explanation

During the fourth month of development in the womb, a female baby has about five million oogonia. This large number reduces significantly before birth, with the remaining oogonia beginning meiosis.

27. What are primary oocytes?

Primary oocytes are male gametes produced in the testes.

The cells are called primary oocytes after they've begun meiosis. and stopped during prophase I. The formation of an ovum starts with a primary oocyte.

The cells are called primary oocytes after completing meiosis in the ovaries.

Primary oocytes are cells that have no role in the reproductive system.

28. What type of cells surround the primary oocytes?

Stromal cells

Somatic cells

A single layer of cells surrounding the primary oocytes

Theca cells

Granulosa cells are a single layer of cells that surround the primary oocytes in the ovary, providing vital support and nutrients to aid in oocyte maturation.

Explanation

Granulosa cells are a single layer of cells that surround the primary oocytes in the ovary, providing vital support and nutrients to aid in oocyte maturation.

29. What is a primordial follicle?

A follicle containing multiple layers of granulosa cells.

Primary oocytes are each surrounded by a single layer of cells called granulosa cells. This is the beginning of a follicle, so it is called a primordial follicle.

An early stage of follicle development in the ovaries.

A structure found in the male reproductive system.

A mature egg ready for fertilization.

A primordial follicle specifically refers to the stage in follicle development where primary oocytes are surrounded by a single layer of granulosa cells. It is the initial stage before further development towards ovulation.

Explanation

A primordial follicle specifically refers to the stage in follicle development where primary oocytes are surrounded by a single layer of granulosa cells. It is the initial stage before further development towards ovulation.