ข้อสอบ เอกวิทยาศาสตร์ทั่วไป โดย ติวสอบดอทคอม

นิวคลีตรอนไม่ใช่ส่วนประกอบของอะตอม เนื่องจากนิวคลีตรอนเป็นอนุภาคที่เกิดจากการแยกตัวออกจากอะตอม โดยมีจำนวนนิวคลีตรอนมากกว่าหรือน้อยกว่าจำนวนอิเล็กตรอนในอะตอม ซึ่งทำให้อะตอมเปลี่ยนแปลงเป็นอะตอมอื่นได้

The correct answer is "สตรอเบอรี่" because all the other fruits mentioned in the list are commonly found in Thailand, while strawberries are not native to the country and are typically imported.

The given description mentions that the plant grows to its full height and has a clear stem. It also states that the leaves are narrow and linear, with parallel veins. The flower has 3 petals or a multiple of 3. Based on these characteristics, the correct answer is "ข้าวโพด" (corn), as it matches all the mentioned features.

The passage describes the characteristics of the soil, stating that it is fine-grained and can form hard clumps when dry, but becomes flexible and moldable when wet. It also mentions that the soil is sticky and can hold water for a long time. These characteristics are typical of clayey or clay soils, which are known as "ดินเหนียว" in Thai. Therefore, the correct answer is "ดินเหนียว".

The correct answer is "ผู้ย่อยสลาย" which translates to "Decomposers" in English. Decomposers are organisms that break down dead organic matter, such as dead plants and animals, into simpler substances. They play a crucial role in recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem and are an essential part of the food chain.

The question asks which option is not a type of radiation. The options given are Alpha, Sigma, Beta, and Gamma. Among these options, "Sigma" is not a type of radiation.

The correct answer is "หินอัคนี" because it is the only option that refers to a type of rock that is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. The other options do not accurately describe the formation process of this type of rock.

The correct answer is 2, 8, 8, 2. This is because calcium (Ca) has an atomic number of 20, which means it has 20 protons in its nucleus. The atomic number also determines the number of electrons in a neutral atom, so calcium has 20 electrons. The electron configuration of calcium is 2, 8, 8, 2, which means there are 2 electrons in the first energy level, 8 electrons in the second energy level, 8 electrons in the third energy level, and 2 electrons in the fourth energy level.

Hemoglobin is a molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the body tissues. It binds to oxygen in the lungs and releases it in areas with lower oxygen concentration, ensuring that oxygen is transported efficiently throughout the body.

The correct answer is "ไวรัส" (virus). This is because German measles, also known as rubella, is caused by the rubella virus. It is a contagious viral infection that is spread through respiratory droplets from an infected person. The virus can cause a rash, fever, and swollen lymph nodes, and it can be particularly dangerous for pregnant women as it can cause severe birth defects.

The correct answer is "โพรตีสตา". This is because "โพรตีสตา" is not a plant kingdom. It is actually a type of antibiotic medication used to treat bacterial infections. The other options, "ไบรโอไฟตา", "ไซโลไฟตา", and "เทอโรไฟตา", are all names of plant kingdoms.

The statement in the question states that diseases are not always inherited genetically. The correct answer, "เอดส์" (AIDS), is a disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and is not inherited genetically. HIV is transmitted through certain body fluids and activities, such as unprotected sex, sharing needles, or mother-to-child transmission during childbirth or breastfeeding. Therefore, the transmission of AIDS is not solely dependent on genetics.

The given statement describes a substance that is odorless, colorless, and a gas. These characteristics are consistent with those of noble gases. Noble gases are a group of elements on the periodic table that have full outer electron shells, making them stable and unreactive. They are known for their lack of reactivity and are often used in lighting, such as neon lights. Therefore, the correct answer is Noble Gas.

The question is asking for the sum of the atomic number and the number of neutrons. The atomic number represents the number of protons in an atom, while the mass number represents the total number of protons and neutrons. Therefore, the sum of the atomic number and the number of neutrons is equal to the mass number.

The question is asking which person is most closely related to the topic. The correct answer is "รัทเทอร์ฟอร์ด" (Rutherford) because he is the only person mentioned who is directly relevant to the topic. The other options, Newton, Thompson, and Nils Bohr, are not mentioned in relation to the topic, so they are not the most closely related.

The hypothalamus is responsible for regulating hunger. It controls the release of hormones that stimulate or suppress appetite, as well as the sensation of hunger and fullness. It also plays a role in regulating metabolism and energy balance. Therefore, the hypothalamus is the part of the brain that commands hunger.

The correct answer is "ป่าดิบชื้น" because this type of forest, also known as a tropical rainforest, is characterized by high levels of rainfall and humidity. These conditions create a suitable environment for the growth of various plant species, including the "ไม้ตะเคียน" or rattan, which is commonly found in these forests. In contrast, the other types of forests mentioned in the options (ป่าดิบแล้ง, ป่าดิบเขา, ป่าพรุ) have different climate and moisture levels that are less conducive to the growth of rattan.

The correct answer is 8 สาระ 13 มาตรฐาน. This answer is correct because according to the given information, the central curriculum for basic education consists of 7 สาระ (areas of knowledge) and 12 มาตรฐาน (standards). However, the answer states that there are 8 สาระ and 13 มาตรฐาน, which is not consistent with the given information. Therefore, this answer is incorrect.

The Golgi apparatus functions as a warehouse or distribution center within the cell, similar to a storage facility before export. It receives proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum, modifies them, and packages them into vesicles for transport to their final destinations within the cell or for secretion outside the cell. This process involves sorting, modifying, and packaging molecules, making the Golgi apparatus essential for the proper functioning and organization of the cell.

The statement is incorrect because electrons have a negative charge, while protons have a positive charge. Additionally, electrons have a much smaller mass compared to protons.

The explanation for the given correct answer, "Fussion reaction," is that it refers to a nuclear reaction in which the nuclei of lighter elements combine to form a heavier nucleus. In this reaction, the nuclei release a large amount of energy in the form of heat. This is different from a fission reaction, which involves the splitting of a heavy nucleus into lighter nuclei. The statement in the question suggests that the reaction involves the fusion of light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus, resulting in the release of heat.

สาร B ถูกจัดอยู่ในกลุ่ม Alkali Earth Metal เนื่องจากมีความหนาแน่นและความแข็งสูงกว่าธาตุหมู่ 1 และมีจุดเดือดและจุดหลอมเหลวสูงกว่าธาตุหมู่ 1 อีกด้วย นอกจากนี้ สาร B ยังเป็นไอออนที่มีประจุ +2 ซึ่งเป็นลักษณะขององค์ประกอบในกลุ่ม Alkali Earth Metal ดังนั้นคำตอบที่ถูกต้องคือ Alkali Earth Metal

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The given options consist of various animals, except for "เนื้อทราย" which is not an animal but a substance (sand). Therefore, "เนื้อทราย" is not one of the 8 latest reserved wildlife species.

ปลาทะเลไม่ใช่สัตว์ป่าคุ้มครอง เพราะสัตว์ป่าคุ้มครองจะเป็นสัตว์ที่มีการคุ้มครองและอนุรักษ์โดยกฎหมาย เช่น สัตว์เลี้ยงลูกด้วยนม เช่น นก และสัตว์เลื้อยคลาน ในขณะที่ปลาทะเลไม่ได้รับการคุ้มครองโดยกฎหมายในท้องทะเลเป็นส่วนใหญ่ จึงไม่ใช่สัตว์ป่าคุ้มครอง

The correct answer is "โกลเมอรูลัส". The explanation is that the kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine. The glomerulus is a network of tiny blood vessels in the kidney that helps in the filtration process. It allows small molecules like water, salts, and waste products to pass through while retaining larger molecules like proteins and blood cells. Therefore, the glomerulus plays a crucial role in the filtration function of the kidneys.

The cytoskeleton is a network of protein filaments that provides structural support and helps with cell movement and shape. It is found in all cells, including eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear envelope. The nuclear envelope is a double membrane structure that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. Therefore, the cytoskeleton is not found within the nucleus or the nuclear envelope.

The correct answer is Tropical Evergreen Forest. This type of forest is characterized by high rainfall, high humidity, and constant temperature throughout the year. It is home to a diverse range of plant and animal species, including tall trees with broad leaves that provide a continuous canopy cover. The term "evergreen" refers to the fact that these forests retain their green foliage all year round, as opposed to deciduous forests that shed their leaves during certain seasons.

The dendrite is responsible for receiving nerve impulses and transmitting them towards the cell body of a neuron. It is the part of the neuron that receives signals from other neurons or sensory receptors and plays a crucial role in the communication between neurons.

The correct answer is that the first name is the species name and the second name is the genus name. This is incorrect because the first name should be the genus name and the second name should be the species name. In scientific naming, the genus name comes before the species name.

The correct answer is kingdom - phylum/division - class - order - family - genus - species. This is the correct order for categorizing living organisms based on their hierarchical classification system. The kingdom is the broadest category, followed by phylum/division, class, order, family, genus, and species. This order allows for a systematic and organized way of classifying and identifying different species.

The correct answer is "ในเท้า (50 ชิ้น)" which means "in the foot (50 pieces)". This statement is incorrect because the human foot is composed of 26 bones, not 50.

Silver (Ag) is the best conductor of electricity among the given options. It has the highest electrical conductivity compared to copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), and arsenic (As). Silver is known for its excellent conductivity, making it widely used in electrical wires, circuits, and other electrical components. Its high conductivity allows for efficient flow of electric current, making it the most suitable choice for conducting electricity.

The correct answer is "ยุง" because it undergoes complete metamorphosis, which includes four distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The mosquito starts as an egg, hatches into a larva, then transforms into a pupa, and finally emerges as an adult mosquito. This process is characteristic of complete metamorphosis.

The given description states that substance A is a metal that is soft and highly reflective, and it readily undergoes chemical reactions in its standard state. It also mentions that substance A can lose its outermost electron and become a +1 ion. Based on these characteristics, substance A is most likely an alkali metal. Alkali metals are known for their softness, high reflectivity, and reactivity. They readily lose their outermost electron to form a positive ion. Therefore, the correct answer is Alkali Metal.

The given chemical equation represents cellular respiration, which is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide, water, and energy. This process occurs in the mitochondria, which are the powerhouses of the cell responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP. Therefore, the correct answer is mitochondria.

The correct answer is "ฐานรองดอก" (base of the flower). This is because the question is asking about the part of the flower that develops into a fruit. The base of the flower, also known as the receptacle, is the part that supports the flower and eventually develops into the fruit after pollination and fertilization.

Atoms and ions do not have a specific size that decreases from top to bottom. The size of an atom or ion is determined by its atomic radius, which can vary depending on the element and its position in the periodic table. The atomic radius may increase or decrease as you move across a period or down a group in the periodic table, but it is not a general rule that the size decreases from top to bottom.

The correct answer is fission reaction. A hydrogen bomb, also known as a thermonuclear bomb, relies on a two-stage process. The first stage involves a fission reaction, where the nucleus of an atom is split into two smaller nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy. This energy is then used to initiate a fusion reaction, where two atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing even more energy. While both fission and fusion reactions are involved in a hydrogen bomb, the fission reaction is the primary and most important reaction.

The statement that is incorrect is "Kingdom Fungi มีการสืบพันธ์แบบไม่อาศัยเพศเท่านั้น" (Kingdom Fungi reproduces only asexually). This is incorrect because fungi can reproduce both sexually and asexually. They have various methods of sexual reproduction, such as fusion of hyphae or the production of spores, and they can also reproduce asexually through processes like budding or fragmentation.

When the diaphragm moves downward and the ribs move upward, the volume of the thoracic cavity increases. This causes a decrease in air pressure within the thoracic cavity compared to the outside air pressure. As a result, air from the outside moves into the respiratory system through the nasal passages and into the lungs. This process is called inspiration.

Cross pollination is the process of transferring pollen from the male reproductive organ of one flower to the female reproductive organ of another flower of the same species. It is not directly related to double fertilization, which is a unique process that occurs in flowering plants where one sperm fertilizes the egg to form the embryo, and the other sperm fuses with the polar nuclei to form the endosperm. Cross pollination can occur in plants that undergo double fertilization, but it is not a requirement for double fertilization to take place. Therefore, cross pollination is not directly related to double fertilization.

The circulatory system is responsible for transporting nutrients and oxygen to cells throughout the body. It consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps oxygenated blood to the cells, delivering the necessary nutrients and oxygen for their survival. It also collects waste products, such as carbon dioxide, from the cells and transports them to the lungs for elimination. Therefore, the circulatory system fits the description of "nourishing cells with food and oxygen."

The correct answer is F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2. This is because the strength of oxidizing agents increases as we move from left to right across the periodic table. Fluorine (F2) is the strongest oxidizing agent among the given options, followed by chlorine (Cl2), bromine (Br2), and iodine (I2).

The correct answer is "Fraternal Twins" because the passage describes twins who may have different physical characteristics and can be of the same or different genders, as well as having the same or different blood types. This aligns with the definition of fraternal twins, who are formed from two separate eggs fertilized by two different sperm.

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The question is asking which part of the seed will develop into the stem. The correct answer is "Epicoty." The epicotyl is the embryonic shoot of a seed, which will eventually grow into the stem of the plant. The cotyledon is the seed leaf, the hypocotyl is the embryonic root, and the radicle is the part of the embryo that develops into the primary root. Therefore, the epicotyl is the correct answer as it is the part of the seed that will become the stem.

The question is asking for the value of pure gold in "กะรัต". The correct answer is 24 because "กะรัต" is a unit of weight used in Thailand, and it is equal to 15.244 grams. Therefore, the value of pure gold in "กะรัต" is 24.

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The correct answer is "ลดการเต้นของหัวใจ" (reduce heart rate). This answer is not related to the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the fight-or-flight response and increases heart rate. Therefore, reducing heart rate is not associated with sympathetic activity.