The West Between The Wars, 1919-1939 17 - 3

The Enabling Act was a legislation that granted Adolf Hitler supreme power in Germany. It was passed in 1933, shortly after Hitler became Chancellor, and allowed him to pass laws without the approval of the Reichstag. This act effectively eliminated any remaining checks and balances in the government, consolidating Hitler's control and paving the way for the establishment of a totalitarian regime. The Enabling Act was a crucial step in Hitler's rise to power and the subsequent implementation of Nazi policies.

The correct answer is Austria because Adolf Hitler was born in Braunau am Inn, Austria on April 20, 1889. Austria is also significant in relation to Hitler's rise to power, as it was annexed by Nazi Germany in 1938. Additionally, Hitler's political ideology and plans for territorial expansion, known as "lebensraum," were outlined in his book Mein Kampf. The Enabling Act, passed in 1933, gave Hitler dictatorial powers in Germany and allowed him to establish a totalitarian regime.

Kristallnacht, also known as the Night of Broken Glass, was a destructive rampage against German Jews led by Nazis on November 9, 1938. During this event, Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues were vandalized, looted, and destroyed. It marked a significant escalation in the persecution of Jews in Nazi Germany and is often considered a precursor to the Holocaust. The event resulted in the death of at least 91 Jews, along with thousands being arrested and sent to concentration camps.

The correct answer is "Nazi" because it refers to the National Socialist German Worker's Party, which was a far-right political party in Germany during the 20th century. The party was led by Adolf Hitler and played a central role in the establishment and implementation of Nazi Germany. The term "Nazi" is commonly used to describe the ideology, policies, and actions associated with this party and its leaders.

Hitler's goal was to create the Third Reich, or German Empire. The term "Third Reich" refers to the Nazi regime under Hitler's leadership, which aimed to establish a totalitarian state in Germany. Hitler envisioned this empire as a dominant power in Europe, based on the principles of racial superiority and territorial expansion. The Third Reich sought to unite all German-speaking people and impose Nazi ideology on conquered territories. This term is historically significant in understanding Hitler's ambitions and the atrocities committed during his regime.

Mein Kampf was a philosophical work written by Adolf Hitler during his imprisonment in 1924. In this book, Hitler outlined his political ideology and future plans for Germany, including his belief in Aryan supremacy and the need for territorial expansion (lebensraum). Mein Kampf became a manifesto for the Nazi Party and played a significant role in shaping Hitler's political career. It provided insight into his anti-Semitic beliefs and his desire to establish a totalitarian regime. Thus, Mein Kampf is the correct answer as it is directly related to Hitler's philosophical work and its impact on Nazi ideology.

The correct answer is "lebenstraum." In Nazi ideology, "lebenstraum" referred to Hitler's belief in the right of a superior nation, specifically Germany, to acquire additional territory for its population to live and expand. This concept was outlined in Hitler's book "Mein Kampf" and was one of the driving forces behind Nazi Germany's aggressive expansionist policies, including the annexation of Austria. The Enabling Act was a separate legislation that granted Hitler dictatorial powers, but it is not directly related to the concept of "lebenstraum."

Hitler inaccurately associated the concept of an Aryan race with ancient Greeks and Romans, Germans, and Scandinavians. However, he did not associate Jews with the Aryan race. This is because Hitler propagated anti-Semitic ideologies, considering Jews as a separate and inferior race. He believed in the superiority of the Aryan race, which he claimed included ancient Indo-European peoples and their descendants, excluding Jews from this classification.

Hitler ended Germany's economic woes, unemployment, and the depression by implementing public works projects and a rearmament program. These initiatives aimed to stimulate the economy by creating jobs and increasing government spending. Public works projects involved the construction of infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and buildings, which not only provided employment but also improved the country's infrastructure. The rearmament program focused on expanding the military, which further boosted employment and stimulated industries related to defense production. These measures helped Germany recover from the economic crisis and reduce unemployment rates.

Hitler's political theories were based on racism, particularly anti-Semitism, as well as Darwinian social struggle and nationalism. However, communism was not a part of Hitler's ideology. Hitler vehemently opposed communism and viewed it as a threat to his vision of a racially pure and nationalist Germany. He saw communism as a Jewish conspiracy and believed that it undermined the Aryan race. Therefore, his political theories did not include communism.