Water Treatment Plant Operation Volume 2 Chapter 20

This statement is true because any equipment that has the potential to start up or release stored energy can pose a danger to operators. This can include machinery with moving parts, electrical equipment, or even equipment that uses compressed air or hydraulic systems. If operators are not aware or prepared for these potential hazards, they could be at risk of injury or accidents. Therefore, it is important for operators to be cautious and follow safety protocols when working with any equipment that has the potential for sudden startup or energy release.

It is important to kill all electrical circuits before attempting to control a class C fire because class C fires involve energized electrical equipment. By shutting off the power supply, the risk of electrocution or reignition of the fire is minimized. Additionally, using water or other conductive agents on an energized electrical fire can result in electrical shock or spread of the fire. Therefore, it is crucial to de-energize the circuits before attempting to control a class C fire.

The statement is suggesting that protection should be provided to operators when they are exposed to long periods of high levels of noise. This implies that prolonged exposure to loud noise can be harmful and measures should be taken to ensure the safety and well-being of the operators. Therefore, the correct answer is true, indicating that protection should indeed be provided in such situations.

The statement advises against pipetting bacterial samples by mouth and recommends using a picket bulb instead. This is because pipetting by mouth can lead to contamination and the potential ingestion of harmful bacteria. Using a picket bulb ensures safer handling of the samples and reduces the risk of contamination. Therefore, the statement is true and promotes good laboratory practices.

Operators should know the names and phone numbers of local and state civil preparedness coordinators because in times of emergencies or disasters, these coordinators play a crucial role in coordinating and managing response efforts. They are responsible for organizing resources, disseminating information, and coordinating communication among various agencies and organizations involved in emergency response. By knowing their names and contact information, operators can quickly reach out to them for assistance or to provide relevant information, ensuring a more efficient and coordinated response to emergencies.

It is true that one should never remove a manhole cover with their hands. Manhole covers are heavy and can weigh several hundred pounds. Attempting to lift them with bare hands can result in serious injury or strain. It is recommended to use proper tools and equipment, such as a manhole hook, to safely remove manhole covers.

The statement suggests that it is true that the store should be closed when storing containers. It further emphasizes that the containers should be kept in a clean, cool, open, and well-ventilated area. This indicates that proper storage conditions are necessary to maintain the quality and safety of the containers and their contents.

The statement is true because it is important for chlorine safety equipment to be located outside the coronation room. This is because chlorine gas can be hazardous and potentially fatal if inhaled, so it is crucial to have the necessary safety equipment readily accessible. Placing the equipment outside the room ensures that it can be easily found and used in case of an emergency.

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In areas with high chlorine levels, it is recommended to keep your head high until you are out of the affected area. This is because chlorine gas is heavier than air and tends to sink to lower levels. By keeping your head high, you can minimize the inhalation of chlorine gas and reduce the potential harm it may cause. Therefore, the statement is true.

Safety is a collective responsibility that should be shared by everyone in an organization, from top management to all employees. It is not solely the responsibility of one specific role or individual, such as the budget administrator, safety trainers, or only those employees who are safety conscious. Ensuring a safe working environment requires the active participation and commitment of all individuals within the organization, regardless of their position or role.

When diluting acid with water, it is important to always pour the acid into the water slowly and carefully, and not the other way around. This is because pouring water into acid can cause a violent reaction, resulting in the mixture splashing and potentially causing burns or other hazards. By pouring acid into water, the reaction is less likely to be vigorous and the heat generated can be dissipated more effectively, reducing the risk of steaming hot water being produced.

Water treatment plant operators are exposed to various chemicals and substances during their work. Powdered activated carbon is one such substance that they come in contact with. This powder is known to be highly dangerous due to its potential to release harmful dust particles when handled or used improperly. These particles can be inhaled and cause respiratory issues or other health problems. Therefore, it is important for water treatment plant operators to take necessary precautions and safety measures while handling this powder to minimize the risks associated with its exposure.

Spilled polymers can be cleaned up by using inert, absorbent material such as sand or earth. This is because polymers are typically non-soluble in water and cannot be easily cleaned up using a water spray. Using a broom and dustpan or a vacuum cleaner may not be effective in cleaning up spilled polymers as they can be sticky and difficult to sweep or vacuum. However, using an inert, absorbent material like sand or earth can help to absorb and contain the spilled polymers, making it easier to clean up.

The proper clothing that should be worn by operators when mixing and dispensing chemicals in the water treatment plant includes chemical goggles to protect the eyes from chemical splashes, chemical respirators to prevent inhalation of harmful fumes, a face shield to protect the face from splashes and spills, rubber boots to protect the feet from chemical contact, and rubber gloves to protect the hands from direct exposure to chemicals.

The statement is false because not all fluoride components are hazardous chemicals that are toxic to operators. While some fluoride components may indeed be hazardous and toxic, there are also fluoride compounds that are not harmful to operators. Therefore, it is incorrect to generalize and say that all fluoride components are hazardous chemicals.

The safety precautions of liquid caustic soda also apply to the flake form. Both forms of caustic soda are highly corrosive and can cause severe burns and eye damage. Therefore, it is important to handle and store both forms of caustic soda with the same level of caution and follow the necessary safety protocols to avoid any accidents or injuries.

Operators should wear rubber boots when handling acid or caustic substances because these chemicals can cause severe burns or injuries if they come into contact with the skin. Rubber boots provide a protective barrier against these hazardous materials and help to prevent any potential accidents or harm. Wearing rubber boots is an important safety measure in environments such as laboratories or workplaces where acid or caustic substances are present.

The electrical power entering a water treatment plant is routed through a transformer to reduce the voltage. A transformer is a device that can increase or decrease the voltage of an alternating current. In this case, it is used to step down the high voltage electricity from the power grid to a lower voltage that is suitable for use in the water treatment plant. This is necessary to ensure the safety of the equipment and to prevent any damage that may be caused by high voltage electricity.

Regular cleaning and maintenance of electrical starters can help reduce the hazards of fire. This is because accumulated dirt, dust, or debris can increase the risk of electrical sparks or overheating, which can lead to fires. By regularly cleaning and maintaining the electrical starter, any potential issues or hazards can be identified and addressed promptly, reducing the risk of fire accidents.

Operators must learn the characteristics of the chemicals they use regularly in order to ensure safety and prevent accidents. This includes knowing the boiling point of the chemicals, as it can help determine the appropriate handling and storage conditions. Knowledge of explosive limits is crucial to prevent explosions and ensure safe working environments. First aid used for each chemical is important in case of accidents or exposure, as different chemicals may require different treatment. Understanding the flammability of chemicals is essential to prevent fires and implement proper fire safety measures. Lastly, knowing the reactivity of chemicals helps operators avoid dangerous reactions and potential hazards.

Operators working in and around water plants can be exposed to various respiratory hazards. These include chemical dust, which can be inhaled and cause respiratory irritation or damage. Chemical fumes, emitted from various substances, can also be hazardous to the respiratory system. Chemical gases, such as chlorine gas, can be present in water treatment processes and can cause severe respiratory problems if inhaled. Operators may also encounter a contaminated atmosphere containing toxic gases or explosive conditions, which can pose a significant risk to their respiratory health. Additionally, oxygen deficient atmospheres, where the oxygen levels are below the safe threshold, can lead to asphyxiation and respiratory distress.

The objective of a safety program is to prevent accidents. This means that the program aims to implement measures and procedures that minimize the likelihood of accidents occurring in the first place. By focusing on prevention, the program can help create a safer environment and reduce the potential risks and hazards that could lead to accidents.

The correct answer is a list of equipment that must be present at the worksite during a confined space entry. This includes a direct reading gas monitor, which is necessary to monitor gas levels and ensure the safety of workers. Hosting equipment is also required to safely lower and raise workers into the confined space. Protective clothing is necessary to protect workers from hazards such as chemicals or extreme temperatures. Safety harnesses and lifelines are essential for entry and exit, as well as for the standby persons who are monitoring the workers. Finally, SCBA's (Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus) are needed for the standby persons in case of emergency situations where the air quality becomes unsafe.

The safety precautions that must be practiced when working in and around control panels include ensuring that the panels are well grounded, keeping moisture in corrosive gases away from control panels, not storing any hazardous materials next to switch boards or control panels to reduce the fire hazard, providing adequate lighting for maintenance work both inside and outside the panel, and using special insulating mats when working in a wet location. These precautions are necessary to prevent electrical hazards, corrosion damage, fire risks, and accidents while working on or near control panels.

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A class B fire consumes flammable and combustible liquids. Class B fires involve flammable liquids such as gasoline, oil, and solvents, as well as combustible liquids like alcohol and grease. These fires can be extremely dangerous and can spread quickly if not properly extinguished. It is important to use the appropriate fire extinguisher, such as a foam or carbon dioxide extinguisher, to effectively put out a class B fire.

Education, persuasion, and appeal are necessary for compliance with an eye protection program. This means that individuals need to be educated about the importance of eye protection, persuaded to follow the program, and appealed to on a personal level to ensure their participation. This approach aims to increase awareness, understanding, and motivation among individuals, ultimately leading to better compliance with the eye protection program.

The answer states the safety precautions that must be practiced when working with chlorine cylinders. These precautions include keeping the protective cap on the cylinders, storing them upright in a clean, dry location free of flammable materials, avoiding dropping or colliding cylinders, not hoisting them by the neck, and ensuring they are stored in a way that prevents them from falling. Following these precautions helps to minimize the risk of accidents or incidents when handling chlorine cylinders.

A lockout device is a mechanism that securely holds a switch in a safe position. This ensures that the switch cannot be accidentally or unintentionally turned on, preventing any potential hazards or accidents. It provides a positive means of keeping the switch locked out and ensures the safety of individuals working with or around the switch.

The operator can greatly reduce fire hazards around the water treatment plant by taking several preventive measures. They should locate fire extinguishers conspicuously near potential fire problems to ensure quick access in case of a fire. Promptly disposing of cartons, crates, and other packing materials will prevent them from accumulating and becoming potential fire hazards. Similarly, promptly removing debris will reduce the risk of fire. Providing a system of waste paper collection will help prevent the buildup of flammable materials. Lastly, providing a suitable container for used wiping cloths will minimize the risk of spontaneous combustion.

The correct answer includes several safety measures that should be implemented when storing used wiping cloths. The area should be isolated from other plant structures to prevent any potential spread of fire or contamination. Distinctive signs indicating that the area is a flammable storage area should be displayed to alert individuals to the potential hazards. The floor must be grounded to prevent the buildup of static electricity. No smoking is permitted in the area to avoid any potential ignition sources. Finally, the room must be equipped with explosion-proof lights to minimize the risk of sparks or heat sources causing a fire or explosion.

According to OSHA regulations, every entry into a confined space requires a confined space entry permit. This is because confined spaces pose potential risks and hazards such as limited oxygen, toxic gases, or engulfment. The entry permit ensures that proper safety measures are in place, including atmospheric testing, ventilation, and rescue procedures. Failure to obtain a permit can result in serious accidents or fatalities.

The canister type mask is not suitable for repairing a chlorine leak because no canister can provide oxygen. Chlorine is a toxic gas that can displace oxygen in the air, leading to asphyxiation. Therefore, it is crucial for operators to use a mask that can provide a separate supply of oxygen when working with chlorine leaks to ensure their safety.

Hydrochloric acid is a stable compound when properly contained and handled. It is a strong acid that is commonly used in various industrial processes and laboratories. However, it can be corrosive and dangerous if not handled with care. Proper storage and handling procedures, such as using suitable containers and wearing appropriate protective equipment, can ensure its stability and prevent any accidents or hazards. Therefore, the given statement that hydrochloric acid is unstable even when properly contained and handled is false.

Storing alum in a dry location prevents it from mixing with moisture, which in turn prevents caking. Caking refers to the formation of solid lumps or clumps in a powdered substance when it absorbs moisture. Therefore, by keeping alum dry, it will remain in a loose and powdery form, preventing the formation of lumps or clumps.

When water is poured onto a carving fire, it can cause the burning carbon particles to be dispersed and fly around. This can be dangerous as these particles can cause burns or ignite other flammable materials in the surrounding area. Therefore, it is not recommended to douse carving fires with a stream of water to prevent the risk of spreading the fire or causing harm.

Performing welding in or around the water treatment plant can pose potential fire hazards. Areas where oil and grease are present can easily catch fire due to the flammable nature of these substances. Additionally, being in the vicinity of any combustible material increases the risk of fire. Lastly, being near powder activated carbon storage can also be a fire hazard as this substance can ignite and cause a fire. It is important to be aware of these potential fire problems and take necessary precautions to ensure safety during welding activities in or around the water treatment plant.

The correct answer is that the operator must be thoroughly trained in the correct operating procedures. This is because operating gas or electric welding equipment can be dangerous if not done correctly. It is important for the operator to have proper training to ensure they understand how to safely operate the equipment and follow the correct procedures. This helps to minimize the risk of accidents and injuries.

An adequate ventilation system is needed when handling soda ash (sodium carbonate) to take control of atmospheric oxygen. This is important because soda ash can react with oxygen in the air, leading to the formation of potentially dangerous substances. By controlling the oxygen levels, the risk of these reactions and their associated hazards can be minimized.

Operators should wear an apron to protect their clothing from potential spills or splashes of acetic acid. They should also wear gloves to protect their hands from direct contact with the acid. Additionally, operators should wear splash-proof goggles or a face shield to protect their eyes and face from any potential splashes or fumes.

The operator assigned the responsibility of maintenance of the self-contained breathing apparatus should check for faulty tubing, leaks, loose eyepiece, and worn defective parts. These are crucial aspects to ensure the proper functioning and safety of the apparatus. Faulty tubing can lead to air leakage, compromising the effectiveness of the apparatus. Leaks can also result in the entry of toxic or flammable gases, posing a significant risk to the operator. Loose eyepiece can impair the operator's vision and hinder their ability to carry out their tasks effectively. Worn defective parts can affect the overall performance and reliability of the apparatus, making regular checks essential.

Basins, pits, manholes, and tanks are typical examples of confined spaces found in water treatment plants. These locations are enclosed or partially enclosed areas that have limited entry and exit points, making them potentially hazardous for workers. Confined spaces in water treatment plants are often characterized by limited ventilation, the presence of hazardous gases or chemicals, and the potential for engulfment or entrapment. Therefore, proper safety precautions and procedures must be followed when working in these confined spaces to ensure the well-being of workers.

This answer is correct because it includes all the key responsibilities that operators should have regarding safety. Actively participating in the safety program shows a commitment to maintaining a safe working environment. Performing the job in accordance with established safety procedures ensures that operators are following the necessary precautions. Recognizing the responsibility for their own safety and that of fellow operators emphasizes the importance of looking out for one another. Reporting all observed hazards helps to identify and address potential safety risks.

Ammonia, chlorine, and sulfur dioxide are all commonly used in water treatment processes. Ammonia is often used as a source of nitrogen for biological treatment processes, helping to remove organic contaminants. Chlorine is a powerful disinfectant that is used to kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms in the water. Sulfur dioxide is used to remove excess chlorine from the water after disinfection, as it can be harmful to human health in high concentrations.

Management should be responsible for safety items in order to ensure a safe working environment. Appointing a safety officer or coordinator is important as they will be dedicated to overseeing and implementing safety measures. Assigning responsibility for accident prevention ensures that individuals are held accountable for maintaining safety standards. Establishing a safety policy provides guidelines and procedures for employees to follow. Setting realistic goals helps to prioritize safety objectives and measure progress. Regulating safety policies for the industry ensures compliance with industry standards and best practices.