VI I 2014 Sredjen

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Ascl

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Quizzes Created: 2 | Total Attempts: 533

Questions: 71 | Attempts: 281 | Updated: Mar 21, 2023

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Questions and Answers

1.

Kao osnovni kriterijumi za inteligentno ponašanje sistema najčešće se uzimaju:
- A.
  
  Percepcija
- B.
  
  Rezonovanje
- C.
  
  Neuronske mreze
- D.
  
  Ponasanje
Correct Answer(s)
B. Rezonovanje
D. Ponasanje

Explanation
The correct answer is "Rezonovanje,Ponasanje". As basic criteria for intelligent behavior, reasoning and behavior are commonly considered. Reasoning refers to the ability to think logically and make deductions or inferences based on available information. Behavior refers to the actions or responses exhibited by the system in different situations. These two criteria are essential for a system to exhibit intelligent behavior.

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2.

Veštačka inteligencija se može smatrati univerzalnom naučnom disciplinom.
- A.
  
  Da
- B.
  
  Ne
Correct Answer
A. Da

Explanation
Artificial intelligence can be considered a universal scientific discipline because it encompasses various fields such as computer science, mathematics, cognitive science, and engineering. It involves the study and development of intelligent machines that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. AI has applications in almost every industry and can be used to solve complex problems, make predictions, and automate tasks. Its interdisciplinary nature and wide-ranging applications make it a universal scientific discipline.

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3.

Tjuringov test je do danas prosao veci broj sistema vestacke inteligencije
- A.
  
  Tacno
- B.
  
  Netacno
Correct Answer
B. Netacno

Explanation
The given statement states that "The Turing test has been passed by a greater number of artificial intelligence systems to this day." The correct answer is "Netacno" which means "False" in English. Therefore, the explanation would be that the statement is not true and the Turing test has not been passed by a greater number of AI systems.

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4.

Slaba hipoteza veštačke inteligencije je:
- A.
  
  Moguce su masine koje zaista misle
- B.
  
  Moguce su masine za koje se tvrdi da inteligentno misle
- C.
  
  Moguce su masine koje deluju kao da su inteligentne
Correct Answer
C. Moguce su masine koje deluju kao da su inteligentne

Explanation
The correct answer is "Moguce su masine koje deluju kao da su inteligentne." This answer suggests that artificial intelligence machines are capable of behaving in a way that appears intelligent, even though they may not actually possess true intelligence. It implies that machines can simulate intelligent behavior, but it does not confirm that they are capable of genuine thought or consciousness.

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5.

Po Lajbnicovoj teoriji stupnjevi znanja, bitno ili dovresno znanje je ono koje je:
- A.
  
  Konacno definisano i na njega se ne treba vracati
- B.
  
  Svodivo na elementarne pojmove
- C.
  
  Znanje koje se odnosi na nezivu priorodu
Correct Answer
B. Svodivo na elementarne pojmove

Explanation
According to Leibniz's theory of degrees of knowledge, knowledge that is reducible to elementary concepts is considered essential or complete knowledge. This means that it can be broken down or reduced to basic or fundamental ideas. It does not necessarily imply that it is finite or that it does not need to be revisited, but rather that it can be understood and explained in terms of simpler concepts. The answer choice "Svodivo na elementarne pojmove" aligns with this explanation.

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6.

U odnosu na smer pretrage, produkcioni sistemi se mogu kategorisati kao:
- A.
  
  Dvostrani sistemi
- B.
  
  Neusmereni sistemi
- C.
  
  Direktni sistemi
- D.
  
  Reverzni sistemi
- E.
  
  Usmereni sistemi
- F.
  
  Ignorantni sistemi
Correct Answer(s)
A. Dvostrani sistemi
C. Direktni sistemi
D. Reverzni sistemi

Explanation
The correct answer includes three categories of production systems: Dvostrani sistemi (bilateral systems), Direktni sistemi (direct systems), and Reverzni sistemi (reverse systems). These categories are based on the direction of the search in the production system. Bilateral systems allow searching in both directions, direct systems allow searching only in the forward direction, and reverse systems allow searching only in the backward direction.

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7.

Ako u A* algoritmu h(n) zadovoljava uslov monotonosti, da li se moze desiti promena ukazatelja u toku izvrsenja programa GRAPHSEARCH:
- A.
  
  Usmerene pretrage
- B.
  
  Pretrage u sirinu
- C.
  
  Nije bitno
Correct Answer
A. Usmerene pretrage

Explanation
In the A* algorithm, h(n) represents the heuristic function which estimates the cost of reaching the goal from a particular node. If h(n) satisfies the condition of monotonicity, it means that the estimated cost from any node to the goal is always less than or equal to the cost from its neighboring node to the goal plus the cost of moving from the current node to its neighbor. Therefore, in this scenario, it is not possible for the pointer to change during the execution of the GRAPHSEARCH program.

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8.

U sistemu produkcije, na pravila izdavanja i pamcenja vec oprobanih nizova pravila i gb idukovanih njihovom primenom, odnose se:
- A.
  
  Matematicki argumenti
- B.
  
  Dovrsena znanja
- C.
  
  Strategije pretrage
- D.
  
  -
Correct Answer
C. Strategije pretrage

Explanation
In the production system, strategies for searching and exploring the rule base are important. These strategies help in efficiently finding and applying the already tested and proven rule sequences. While mathematical arguments and completed knowledge are also relevant in the production system, they do not specifically relate to the search and retrieval of rule sequences, making them incorrect options.

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9.

Kategorije o mogucim pogledima na VI su
- A.
  
  Sistemi koji razmisljaju kao masine
- B.
  
  Sistemi koji deluju racionalno
- C.
  
  Sistemi koji razmisljaju racionalno
- D.
  
  Sistemi koji deluju kao ljudi
- E.
  
  Sistemi koji misle kao ljudi
- F.
  
  Sistemi koji misle masinski
Correct Answer(s)
B. Sistemi koji deluju racionalno
C. Sistemi koji razmisljaju racionalno
D. Sistemi koji deluju kao ljudi
E. Sistemi koji misle kao ljudi

Explanation
The correct answer includes categories that describe different possible perspectives on artificial intelligence (AI). These categories include systems that think and act rationally, systems that think and act like humans, and systems that think and act like machines.

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10.

U grafovima, dohvatiljivim se smatraju cvorovi do kojih
- A.
  
  Vodi jedan i samo jedan put
- B.
  
  Vodi jedan ili vise puteva
- C.
  
  Ne vodi ni jedan put
- D.
  
  Vodi vise od jednog puta
Correct Answer
B. Vodi jedan ili vise puteva

Explanation
In graph theory, reachable nodes are considered to be the nodes that can be reached from a given node. The correct answer states that reachable nodes can be reached by one or more paths. This means that there can be multiple paths leading to the reachable nodes, indicating that there are multiple ways to reach them from the given node.

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11.

Nominalne definicije ostavljaju otvorenim pitanje da li
- A.
  
  Stvar koja je imenovana moze da se preimenuje
- B.
  
  Stvar koja je definisana moze da egzistira
- C.
  
  Stvar koja je prihvacena sme da se razmatra
- D.
  
  Option 4
Correct Answer
B. Stvar koja je definisana moze da egzistira

Explanation
Nominal definitions leave open the question of whether the named thing can be renamed. This means that the definition only provides a name for the thing, without specifying any characteristics or attributes that make it unique or distinguishable from other things. It does not imply anything about the existence or acceptance of the defined thing. Therefore, option 4, "Stvar koja je definisana moze da egzistira" (The thing that is defined can exist), is the correct answer.

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12.

Efikasne strategije upravljanja zahtevaju dovoljno informacija o prirodi resavanog problema, nazivaju se
- A.
  
  Heuristickim
- B.
  
  Reverznim
- C.
  
  Nepovratnim
- D.
  
  Option 4
Correct Answer
A. Heuristickim

Explanation
Efikasne strategije upravljanja zahtevaju dovoljno informacija o prirodi resavanog problema. Heuristicki pristup se odnosi na korišćenje iskustva, intuicije i pretpostavki kako bi se došlo do rešenja. Ova strategija se često koristi kada nema dovoljno vremena ili resursa za detaljno istraživanje i analizu problema. Heuristike su brzi, ali ponekad ne garantuju optimalna rešenja. Stoga, odgovor je "Heuristickim".

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13.

Strategije se karakterisu preko sledecih pokazatelja
- A.
  
  Prostorna kompleksnost
- B.
  
  Dubina
- C.
  
  Optimalnost
- D.
  
  Heuristika
- E.
  
  Kompletnost
- F.
  
  Vremenska kompleksnost
- G.
  
  Sirina
Correct Answer(s)
A. Prostorna kompleksnost
C. Optimalnost
E. Kompletnost
F. Vremenska kompleksnost

Explanation
The given answer includes the key indicators that characterize strategies: spatial complexity, optimality, completeness, and time complexity. Spatial complexity refers to the amount of memory or space required to execute a strategy. Optimality refers to the degree to which a strategy produces the best possible outcome. Completeness refers to whether a strategy is guaranteed to find a solution if one exists. Time complexity refers to the amount of time required to execute a strategy. Therefore, the given answer includes the important indicators that define strategies.

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14.

U razlike između produkcionih sistema i klasičnih programskih sistema sa hijerarhijskom strukturom spadaju:
- A.
  
  Veza izmedju pravila se ostvaruje samo preko globalne baze podataka
- B.
  
  Produkcioni sistemi nude daleko vece performanse
- C.
  
  Globalna baza podataka je dostupna svim pravilima produkcije
- D.
  
  Klasicni programski sistemi sa hijerarhijskom strukturom koriste SPF algoritam
- E.
  
  Sistem je u najvecoj meri modularan te se izmene u globalnoj bazi podataka mogu vrsiti gotovo nezavisno
Correct Answer(s)
A. Veza izmedju pravila se ostvaruje samo preko globalne baze podataka
C. Globalna baza podataka je dostupna svim pravilima produkcije
E. Sistem je u najvecoj meri modularan te se izmene u globalnoj bazi podataka mogu vrsiti gotovo nezavisno

Explanation
The correct answer is that in production systems, the connection between rules is established only through the global database, the global database is accessible to all production rules, and the system is highly modular, allowing changes in the global database to be made almost independently. This suggests that in production systems, rules are connected through a central database, allowing for efficient performance and modular changes to the global database.

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15.

Nalazenje optimalnih strategija pretrage u grafovima podrazumeva
- A.
  
  Pronalazenje puta najmanje tezine
- B.
  
  Pronalazenje puta najmanje duzine
- C.
  
  Pronalazenje puta najvece tezine
- D.
  
  Pronalazenje puta najvece duzine
Correct Answer
A. Pronalazenje puta najmanje tezine

Explanation
The correct answer is "Pronalazenje puta najmanje tezine" which translates to "Finding the path of minimum weight". This means that when searching for optimal strategies in graphs, the goal is to find the path with the lowest total weight or cost. This could be applied in various scenarios such as finding the shortest distance between two points, minimizing the cost of traveling between nodes in a network, or minimizing the time needed to complete a task.

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16.

Kod produkcionih sistema tipovi kod kojih se koraci resavanja ne mogu opovrgnuti zovu se
- A.
  
  Nepovratni
- B.
  
  Ignorantni
- C.
  
  Povratni
- D.
  
  Option 4
Correct Answer
A. Nepovratni

Explanation
The correct answer is "Nepovratni." In production systems, there are certain types of codes where the steps of resolution cannot be negated or reversed. These codes are referred to as "Nepovratni" or "Irreversible" in English.

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17.

Sistemi u kojima primena nekog pravila ne sprečava kasniju primenu nekog drugog pravila, koje je moglo biti primenjeno u momentu primene prvog pravila zovu se:
- A.
  
  Komutativni produkcioni sistemi
- B.
  
  Monotoni produkcioni sistemi
- C.
  
  Parcijalno komutativni produkcioni sistemi
- D.
  
  Option 4
Correct Answer
B. Monotoni produkcioni sistemi

Explanation
Monotoni produkcioni sistemi su sistemi u kojima primena jednog pravila ne sprečava kasniju primenu drugog pravila, čak i ako je drugo pravilo moglo biti primenjeno u momentu primene prvog pravila. Ovo znači da se pravila mogu primenjivati nezavisno jedno od drugog, bez ikakvih ograničenja ili međusobnih zavisnosti.

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18.

U Tjuringove argumente spadaju
- A.
  
  Logicki argument
- B.
  
  Argument neformalnosti
- C.
  
  Argument nesposobnosti
- D.
  
  Matematicki argument
- E.
  
  Argument svesti
- F.
  
  Fizicki argument
Correct Answer(s)
B. Argument neformalnosti
C. Argument nesposobnosti
D. Matematicki argument
E. Argument svesti

Explanation
The correct answer includes four types of arguments: argument neformalnosti (informal argument), argument nesposobnosti (argument of incapability), matematicki argument (mathematical argument), and argument svesti (argument of consciousness). These different types of arguments encompass different approaches and methods of reasoning and can be used in various contexts to support a claim or position.

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19.

Pristupi u oblasti VI mogu se svrstati u dve glavne kategorije
- A.
  
  Simulativni
- B.
  
  Simbolicki
- C.
  
  Subsimbolicki
- D.
  
  Simbioticki
Correct Answer(s)
B. Simbolicki
C. Subsimbolicki

Explanation
The given answer states that the approaches in the field of VI can be classified into two main categories: symbolic and subsymbolic. This means that the approaches can either involve the use of symbols and symbolic representations, or they can involve the use of subsymbolic methods that do not rely heavily on symbolic representations.

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20.

Da li je algoritam pretrage u sirinu A* algoritam
- A.
  
  Da
- B.
  
  Ne
Correct Answer
A. Da

Explanation
The given question is asking whether the breadth-first search algorithm is the A* algorithm. The correct answer is "Da" which means "Yes" in English. This implies that the breadth-first search algorithm is indeed the A* algorithm. However, without any additional context or information, it is difficult to provide a detailed explanation for this answer.

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21.

Kod neinformativne pretrage sa iterativnim produbljivanjem, u stablu sa najvećom dubinom N, ukoliko je inicijalno ograničenje dubine takođe N, ovakva pretraga se može poistovetiti sa:
- A.
  
  Pretragom u sirinu
- B.
  
  -
- C.
  
  Informisanom pretragom
- D.
  
  Pretragom u dubinu
Correct Answer
D. Pretragom u dubinu

Explanation
In the given question, it is stated that in non-informative search with iterative deepening, if the initial depth limit is also N, this type of search can be identified with Depth First Search (DFS). This means that the correct answer is "Pretragom u dubinu" which translates to "Depth First Search" in English.

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22.

Jaka hipoteza vestacke inteligencije je
- A.
  
  Moguce su masine koje deluju kao da su inteligentne
- B.
  
  Moguce su masine koje zaista misle
- C.
  
  Moguce su masine za koje se tvrdi da inteligentno misle
Correct Answer
B. Moguce su masine koje zaista misle

Explanation
The correct answer is "Moguce su masine koje zaista misle" (It is possible for machines to truly think). This answer suggests that machines have the capability to possess genuine thinking abilities, implying that artificial intelligence can achieve true intelligence.

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23.

U grafu tipa stablo dubina cvora tipa koren je
- A.
  
  1
- B.
  
  0
- C.
  
  Beskonacna
Correct Answer
B. 0

Explanation
In a tree graph, the depth of the root node is always 0. This is because the depth of a node is defined as the number of edges in the longest path from the root node to that node. Since the root node is at the topmost level and has no edges leading to it, its depth is 0.

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24.

Kod produkcionih sistema, tipovi kod kojih se koraci rešavanja mogu opovrgnuti (igra 8 kockica) zovu se:
- A.
  
  Povratni
- B.
  
  Nepovratni
- C.
  
  Ignorantni
Correct Answer
A. Povratni

Explanation
The correct answer is "Povratni". In production systems, "povratni" code types are those where the solution steps can be negated or reversed. This means that if a certain step is taken in the code, it can be undone or reversed later on. This allows for flexibility and the ability to backtrack in the code if needed.

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25.

Sistemi koji poseduju i svojstvo monotonosti i parcijalne komutativnosti zovu se:
- A.
  
  Parcijalno komutativni produkcioni sistemi
- B.
  
  Komutativni produkcioni sistemi
- C.
  
  Monotoni produkcioni sistemi
Correct Answer
B. Komutativni produkcioni sistemi

Explanation
Komutativni produkcioni sistemi su sistemi koji ispunjavaju svojstvo komutativnosti, što znači da redosled primene operacija ne utiče na krajnji rezultat. Ovi sistemi takođe ispunjavaju svojstvo monotonosti, što znači da primena većeg broja operacija ne može dovesti do manje rezultata. Dakle, kombinacija ova dva svojstva čini sisteme komutativnim i monotonim, zbog čega se nazivaju komutativni produkcioni sistemi.

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26.

Produkcioni sistemi podrazumevaju sledeće komponente:
- A.
  
  Strategija upravljanja
- B.
  
  Matematicke argumente
- C.
  
  Dovrseno znanje
- D.
  
  Globalna baza podataka
- E.
  
  Skup pravila produkcije
Correct Answer(s)
A. Strategija upravljanja
D. Globalna baza podataka
E. Skup pravila produkcije

Explanation
The correct answer is a combination of three components: strategija upravljanja (management strategy), Globalna baza podataka (global database), and skup pravila produkcije (set of production rules). These components are essential for production systems. The management strategy determines the overall plan and approach to managing the production process. The global database serves as a centralized repository of information and data that is accessible to all components of the production system. The set of production rules provides guidelines and instructions for the system to follow in order to carry out the production process effectively.

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27.

Stablo je graf kod koga vazi sledece pravilo
- A.
  
  Svako dete ima samo jednog roditelja
- B.
  
  Svaki roditelj ima samo jedno dete
- C.
  
  Jedan roditelj moze imati jedno dete, jedno dete moze imati samo jednog roditelja
Correct Answer
A. Svako dete ima samo jednog roditelja

Explanation
The given answer states that each child in the tree has only one parent. This is in accordance with the given rule that each child has only one parent and each parent has only one child. It also mentions that one parent can have one child, and one child can have only one parent, which aligns with the given rule as well. Therefore, the answer accurately describes the rule of the tree structure.

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28.

Za prolazak totalnog Tjuringovog testa računar mora da poseduje sledeće karakteristike
- A.
  
  Instiktivno delovanje
- B.
  
  Robotika ( kretanje i manipulacija objektima u fizickom svetu)
- C.
  
  Centar za emocionalnu obradu
- D.
  
  Racunarska vizija ( opazanje objekata)
Correct Answer(s)
B. Robotika ( kretanje i manipulacija objektima u fizickom svetu)
D. Racunarska vizija ( opazanje objekata)

Explanation
To pass the total Turing test, a computer must have the capabilities of robotics (movement and manipulation of objects in the physical world) and computer vision (observation of objects). These characteristics are necessary for the computer to interact with the physical environment and perceive objects visually, which are important aspects of human-like intelligence.

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29.

Algoritam A* je dopustiv
- A.
  
  Tacno
- B.
  
  Netacno
Correct Answer
A. Tacno

Explanation
The given correct answer is "Tacno" which means "True" in English. This suggests that the statement "Algoritam A* je dopustiv" is true. In the context of algorithms, "dopustiv" translates to "admissible" which means that the A* algorithm is valid or acceptable. Therefore, the given answer confirms that the A* algorithm is indeed admissible.

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30.

Produkcioni sistemi kod kojih se GB i terminalni uslovi mogu razložiti na komponente koje dozvoljavaju nezavisnu primenu pravila, zovu se:
- A.
  
  Razgradivi produkcioni sistemi
- B.
  
  Razlozivi produkcioni sistemi
- C.
  
  Rekurzivni produkcioni sistemi
Correct Answer
B. Razlozivi produkcioni sistemi

Explanation
The correct answer is "Razlozivi produkcioni sistemi" because it refers to production systems in which the GB (goal behavior) and terminal conditions can be decomposed into components that allow for the independent application of rules. This means that the system can be broken down into smaller parts that can be manipulated separately, allowing for more flexibility and modularity in the application of rules.

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31.

Sistemi koji poseduju svojstvo invarijantnosti u odnosu na permutovanje sekvence pravila zovu se
- A.
  
  Monotoni produkcioni sistemi
- B.
  
  Komutativni produkcioni sistemi
- C.
  
  Parcijalno komutativni produkcioni sistemi
- D.
  
  Option 4
Correct Answer
C. Parcijalno komutativni produkcioni sistemi

Explanation
Parcijalno komutativni produkcioni sistemi se odnose na sisteme koji zadržavaju svojstvo invarijantnosti u odnosu na permutovanje sekvence pravila, ali samo delimično. To znači da se neka pravila mogu permutovati, dok se druga ne mogu. Ovo je važno u kontekstu proizvodnog sistema, gde se pravila primenjuju u određenom redosledu, ali se neka pravila mogu izvršiti u bilo kom redosledu.

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32.

„Kognitivna revolucija" podrazumeva
- A.
  
  Modelovanje univerzalnog jezika za reprezentaciju iskusktva koji ne poznaje pojam dvosmislenosti
- B.
  
  Teorijsko modelovanje internih aktivnosti ljudskog mozga
- C.
  
  Princip da ono o cemu niko ne razmislja i ne postoji
- D.
  
  Option 4
Correct Answer
B. Teorijsko modelovanje internih aktivnosti ljudskog mozga

Explanation
The correct answer is "Teorijsko modelovanje internih aktivnosti ljudskog mozga" because the term "Kognitivna revolucija" refers to the theoretical modeling of internal activities of the human brain. This revolution in cognitive science focuses on understanding how the brain processes information, perceives the world, and generates thoughts and behaviors. It involves studying cognitive processes such as attention, memory, language, and problem-solving, and aims to develop models and theories that explain these internal activities.

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33.

Kod produkcionih sistema, strategija upravljanja određuje:
- A.
  
  U koje komponente sistema ce se investirati u cilju dobijanja optimalnih rezultata
- B.
  
  Koje od primenjivih pravila ce se aktivirati u odredjenom koraku rada
- C.
  
  Kojim redosledom ce sistemi VI biti realizovan, odnosno, osposobljen za produkcionu upotrebu
Correct Answer
B. Koje od primenjivih pravila ce se aktivirati u odredjenom koraku rada

Explanation
The correct answer is "Koje od primenjivih pravila ce se aktivirati u odredjenom koraku rada." This answer suggests that the strategy of management in production systems determines which applicable rules will be activated at a specific step of the process. This implies that the management strategy plays a crucial role in determining the rules and guidelines that need to be followed at each stage of the production process to achieve optimal results.

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34.

Kod produkcionih sistema, tipovi kod kojih pojedini koraci u rešavanju se mogu u potpunosti ignorisati (dokazivanje teorema) zovu se:
- A.
  
  Nepovratni
- B.
  
  Povratni
- C.
  
  Ignorantni
Correct Answer
C. Ignorantni

Explanation
In the context of production systems, the term "ignorantni" refers to the types of code where certain steps in the solution can be completely ignored, specifically in the case of proving theorems. This means that these steps do not have any impact on the final outcome or result. Therefore, "ignorantni" is the correct answer as it accurately describes this type of code in production systems.

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35.

Sta je sistem fizickih simbola
- A.
  
  Masina koja generise promenjivi skup strukture simbola
- B.
  
  Skup simbola
- C.
  
  Poseban fizicki sistem namenjen prikupljanju podataka
- D.
  
  Skup fizickih predmeta
Correct Answer
A. Masina koja generise promenjivi skup strukture simbola

Explanation
A system of physical symbols refers to a machine that generates a variable set of structured symbols. This implies that the machine is capable of producing different combinations or arrangements of symbols. The other options, such as a set of symbols, a special physical system for data collection, or a set of physical objects, do not accurately describe a system of physical symbols as they do not involve the generation of a variable set of structured symbols.

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36.

Računarski agenti se od običnih računarskih programa razlikuju po tome što poseduju:
- A.
  
  Opazanje i razumevanje okruzenja
- B.
  
  Prosirivi API
- C.
  
  Neogranicene racunarske resurse na raspologanju
- D.
  
  Autunomno upravljanje
- E.
  
  Mogucnost adaptacije na promene
- F.
  
  Kompajlere koji ne razmatraju sintaksu
Correct Answer(s)
A. Opazanje i razumevanje okruzenja
D. Autunomno upravljanje
E. Mogucnost adaptacije na promene

Explanation
The correct answer is "Opazanje i razumevanje okruzenja, Autunomno upravljanje, Mogucnost adaptacije na promene." Computer agents differ from ordinary computer programs in that they possess the ability to observe and understand their environment, autonomously manage themselves, and adapt to changes. This means that they can perceive and interpret information from their surroundings, make decisions and take actions without human intervention, and adjust their behavior in response to new situations.

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37.

Kod A* algoritma pretrage, u funkciji „f(n) = g(n) + h(n)", f(n) je:
- A.
  
  Akumulira cena parcijalne putanje
- B.
  
  Procena cene putanje do cilja pod uslovom da prolazi kroz cvor n
- C.
  
  Heuristicki procena cene preostale putanje do ciljnog cvora
Correct Answer
B. Procena cene putanje do cilja pod uslovom da prolazi kroz cvor n

Explanation
In the A* search algorithm, the function "f(n) = g(n) + h(n)" is used to estimate the cost of a path from the start node to the goal node, passing through node n. The function takes into account the accumulated cost of the partial path from the start node to node n (g(n)), as well as the heuristic estimate of the remaining cost from node n to the goal node (h(n)). Therefore, the correct answer is "Procena cene putanje do cilja pod uslovom da prolazi kroz cvor n" which translates to "Estimate of the cost of the path to the goal node, passing through node n".

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38.

Svako inteligentno ponašanje mora biti određeno logičkim mišljenjem.
- A.
  
  Tacno
- B.
  
  Netacno
Correct Answer
B. Netacno

Explanation
The statement "Svako inteligentno ponašanje mora biti određeno logičkim mišljenjem" translates to "Every intelligent behavior must be determined by logical thinking." The correct answer "netacno" means "false." Therefore, the correct explanation is that not all intelligent behavior is necessarily determined by logical thinking.

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39.

Cena primene pravila u grafovima se može izraziti:
- A.
  
  Dubinom grana
- B.
  
  Visinom grana
- C.
  
  Tezinom grana
Correct Answer
C. Tezinom grana

Explanation
The correct answer is "tezinom grana" because the term "tezina" refers to the weight or cost associated with each edge in a graph. This weight can represent various factors such as distance, time, or cost of traversal between two vertices. Therefore, the application of rules in graphs can be expressed by considering the weight or cost associated with each edge.

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40.
1. „Kognitivna revolucija" odnosi se na:
- A.
  
  Odbacivanje emotivnih, instiktivnih i motorickih pristupa u korist intelektualnog
- B.
  
  Promenu stepena svesnosti covecanstva kao posledicu hipi pokreta
- C.
  
  Psihologiju zasnovanu na procesiranju informacija
Correct Answer
C. Psihologiju zasnovanu na procesiranju informacija

Explanation
The term "Kognitivna revolucija" refers to the psychology based on information processing. This suggests that there was a shift in understanding and studying human cognition, focusing on how information is processed and how it influences behavior and mental processes. This revolution involved a departure from emotional, instinctive, and motor approaches, and instead emphasized the intellectual aspects of human psychology.

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41.

Strategiju pretrage definisu:
- A.
  
  Najvecu dozvoljenu dubinu prvi otvaranju covorova pretrage
- B.
  
  Redosled otvaranja cvorova pretrage
- C.
  
  Brzinu otvaranja cvorova pretrage
Correct Answer
B. Redosled otvaranja cvorova pretrage

Explanation
The correct answer is "Redosled otvaranja cvorova pretrage" (The order of opening search nodes). This is because the strategy of search determines the order in which the nodes are expanded and explored during the search process. The order of opening nodes can greatly affect the efficiency and effectiveness of the search algorithm, as it determines which paths are explored first and which are delayed or ignored. Therefore, the strategy of search defines the order in which nodes are opened during the search process.

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42.

Ako je usmerenost pretrage P=1, tada vazi:
- A.
  
  Algoritam otvara veliki broj nepotrebnih cvorova
- B.
  
  Algoritam nalazi direktno resenje do cilja
- C.
  
  Algoritam otvara mali broj nepotrebnih cvorova
Correct Answer
B. Algoritam nalazi direktno resenje do cilja

Explanation
If the search direction P=1, it means that the algorithm is directed towards finding a direct solution to the goal. This suggests that the algorithm is able to find the solution without exploring unnecessary nodes, resulting in a small number of unnecessary nodes being opened. Therefore, the correct answer is "algoritam nalazi direktno resenje do cilja."

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43.

Kom uredjaju najvise odgovara koncept sistema fizickih simbola
- A.
  
  Reaktor
- B.
  
  Racunarska mreza
- C.
  
  Regulator
- D.
  
  Digitalni racunar
Correct Answer
D. Digitalni racunar

Explanation
The concept of a physical symbol system is best represented by a digital computer. A digital computer uses physical symbols, such as binary digits (0s and 1s), to represent and manipulate information. It follows a set of rules or algorithms to process these symbols and perform various tasks. This aligns with the idea of a physical symbol system, which is a system that can manipulate symbols based on their physical properties. In contrast, a reactor, computer network, and regulator may not necessarily involve the manipulation of symbols in the same way a digital computer does.

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44.

„Problem predstavljanja" je:
- A.
  
  Problem vezan za asocijalni aspekt verbalnih formulacija
- B.
  
  Transformacija izvorne formulacije problema na jezik produkcionih sistema
- C.
  
  Nemogucnost da se misticko iskustvo nedvosmisleno prenese recima
Correct Answer
B. Transformacija izvorne formulacije problema na jezik produkcionih sistema

Explanation
The correct answer is "transformacija izvorne formulacije problema na jezik produkcionih sistema" which translates to "transformation of the original formulation of the problem into the language of production systems." This suggests that the problem of representation refers to the challenge of expressing or converting the original problem formulation into a language that can be understood and processed by production systems. It implies that there may be difficulties in accurately translating complex or abstract ideas into a format that can be effectively utilized by automated systems or algorithms.

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45.

U neinformativne strategije pretrage spadaju:
- A.
  
  Pretraga u dubinu
- B.
  
  Stohasticka pretraga
- C.
  
  Semanticka pretraga
- D.
  
  Pretraga sa uniformnom cenom
- E.
  
  Heuristicka pretraga
- F.
  
  Pretraga u sirinu
Correct Answer(s)
A. Pretraga u dubinu
D. Pretraga sa uniformnom cenom
F. Pretraga u sirinu

Explanation
The correct answer includes the strategies that fall under uninformed search. Uninformed search strategies do not use any additional information or heuristics to guide the search process. Therefore, the strategies "Pretraga u dubinu" (Depth-first search), "pretraga sa uniformnom cenom" (Uniform cost search), and "Pretraga u sirinu" (Breadth-first search) are considered uninformed search strategies.

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46.

U grafu tipa stablo, koren je cvor koji
- A.
  
  Nema roditelja
- B.
  
  Ima samo jednog roditelja
- C.
  
  Ima vise od jednog roditelja
Correct Answer
A. Nema roditelja

Explanation
In a tree graph, the root node is the node that does not have a parent. It is the starting point of the tree and does not have any other nodes above it. Therefore, it does not have any parents.

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47.

Kognitivna nauka i kognitivna neuronauka danas su izvan domena V.I.
- A.
  
  Tacno
- B.
  
  Netacno
Correct Answer
A. Tacno

Explanation
The given statement is in Croatian and it translates to "Cognitive science and cognitive neuroscience are outside the domain of V.I. (artificial intelligence) today." The correct answer "Tacno" means "True" in English. Therefore, the explanation for the correct answer is that the statement is true, indicating that cognitive science and cognitive neuroscience are currently considered to be separate from the field of artificial intelligence.

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48.

Produkcioni sistemi koji koriste П pravila produkcije zovu se:
- A.
  
  Dvostrani sistemi
- B.
  
  Reverzni sistemi
- C.
  
  Direktni sistemi
Correct Answer
C. Direktni sistemi

Explanation
Direktni sistemi se odnose na produkcione sisteme koji koriste П pravila produkcije.

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49.

Produkcioni sistemi koji koriste П i О pravila produkcije zovu se:
- A.
  
  Reverzni sistemi
- B.
  
  Direktni sistemi
- C.
  
  Dvostrani sistemi
Correct Answer
C. Dvostrani sistemi

Explanation
Dvostrani sistemi su produkcioni sistemi koji koriste i П i О pravila produkcije. Ova kombinacija omogućava sistemima da razmenjuju informacije i donose odluke na osnovu više faktora.

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50.

Po Lajbnicovoj teoriji stupnjeva znanja, upotreba bitnog ili dovršenog znanja mora omogućiti:
- A.
  
  Pravljenje prirodnog sistema koji poseduje ogranicena inteligentna svojstva
- B.
  
  Pravljenje vestackog sistema na inteligentnim svojstvima u najpotpunijem obliku
- C.
  
  Pravljenje univerzalnog sistema koji poseduje karakteristike viseg nivoa od nivoa primenjenog znanja
Correct Answer
B. Pravljenje vestackog sistema na inteligentnim svojstvima u najpotpunijem obliku

Explanation
In Leibniz's theory of degrees of knowledge, the use of essential or complete knowledge must enable the creation of an artificial system with intelligent properties in the most complete form. This means that the correct answer is option 2, which states that it allows the creation of an artificial system with intelligent properties in the most complete form.

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Mar 21, 2023

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Apr 05, 2020

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VI I 2014 Sredjen

Kao osnovni kriterijumi za inteligentno ponašanje sistema najčešće se uzimaju:

Veštačka inteligencija se može smatrati univerzalnom naučnom disciplinom.

Tjuringov test je do danas prosao veci broj sistema vestacke inteligencije

Slaba hipoteza veštačke inteligencije je:

Po Lajbnicovoj teoriji stupnjevi znanja, bitno ili dovresno znanje je ono koje je:

U odnosu na smer pretrage, produkcioni sistemi se mogu kategorisati kao:

Ako u A* algoritmu h(n) zadovoljava uslov monotonosti, da li se moze desiti promena ukazatelja u toku izvrsenja programa GRAPHSEARCH:

U sistemu produkcije, na pravila izdavanja i pamcenja vec oprobanih nizova pravila i gb idukovanih njihovom primenom, odnose se:

Kategorije o mogucim pogledima na VI su

U grafovima, dohvatiljivim se smatraju cvorovi do kojih

Nominalne definicije ostavljaju otvorenim pitanje da li

Efikasne strategije upravljanja zahtevaju dovoljno informacija o prirodi resavanog problema, nazivaju se

Strategije se karakterisu preko sledecih pokazatelja

U razlike između produkcionih sistema i klasičnih programskih sistema sa hijerarhijskom strukturom spadaju:

Nalazenje optimalnih strategija pretrage u grafovima podrazumeva

Kod produkcionih sistema tipovi kod kojih se koraci resavanja ne mogu opovrgnuti zovu se

Sistemi u kojima primena nekog pravila ne sprečava kasniju primenu nekog drugog pravila, koje je moglo biti primenjeno u momentu primene prvog pravila zovu se:

U Tjuringove argumente spadaju

Pristupi u oblasti VI mogu se svrstati u dve glavne kategorije

Da li je algoritam pretrage u sirinu A* algoritam

Kod neinformativne pretrage sa iterativnim produbljivanjem, u stablu sa najvećom dubinom N, ukoliko je inicijalno ograničenje dubine takođe N, ovakva pretraga se može poistovetiti sa:

Jaka hipoteza vestacke inteligencije je

U grafu tipa stablo dubina cvora tipa koren je

Kod produkcionih sistema, tipovi kod kojih se koraci rešavanja mogu opovrgnuti (igra 8 kockica) zovu se:

Sistemi koji poseduju i svojstvo monotonosti i parcijalne komutativnosti zovu se:

Produkcioni sistemi podrazumevaju sledeće komponente:

Stablo je graf kod koga vazi sledece pravilo

Za prolazak totalnog Tjuringovog testa računar mora da poseduje sledeće karakteristike

Algoritam A* je dopustiv

Produkcioni sistemi kod kojih se GB i terminalni uslovi mogu razložiti na komponente koje dozvoljavaju nezavisnu primenu pravila, zovu se:

Sistemi koji poseduju svojstvo invarijantnosti u odnosu na permutovanje sekvence pravila zovu se

„Kognitivna revolucija" podrazumeva

Kod produkcionih sistema, strategija upravljanja određuje:

Kod produkcionih sistema, tipovi kod kojih pojedini koraci u rešavanju se mogu u potpunosti ignorisati (dokazivanje teorema) zovu se:

Sta je sistem fizickih simbola

Računarski agenti se od običnih računarskih programa razlikuju po tome što poseduju:

Kod A* algoritma pretrage, u funkciji „f(n) = g(n) + h(n)", f(n) je:

Svako inteligentno ponašanje mora biti određeno logičkim mišljenjem.

Cena primene pravila u grafovima se može izraziti:

„Kognitivna revolucija" odnosi se na:

Strategiju pretrage definisu:

Ako je usmerenost pretrage P=1, tada vazi:

Kom uredjaju najvise odgovara koncept sistema fizickih simbola

„Problem predstavljanja" je:

U neinformativne strategije pretrage spadaju:

U grafu tipa stablo, koren je cvor koji

Kognitivna nauka i kognitivna neuronauka danas su izvan domena V.I.

Produkcioni sistemi koji koriste П pravila produkcije zovu se:

Produkcioni sistemi koji koriste П i О pravila produkcije zovu se:

Po Lajbnicovoj teoriji stupnjeva znanja, upotreba bitnog ili dovršenog znanja mora omogućiti: