Baze Podataka - I Kolokvijum

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| By Laki.carina
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Laki.carina
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Quizzes Created: 2 | Total Attempts: 7,333
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  • 1/110 Pitanja

    U nestruktuirane podatke se svrstavaju:

    • Dokumenti, mape, fotografije, zvuk, video zapisi
    • Brojevi, karakteri, datumi, novčani podaci
    • Realni brojevi, decimalni brojevi, imaginarni brojevi
    • Realni brojevi sa promenljivom dužinom za decimalna mesta
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Baze Podataka - I Kolokvijum - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    U hijerarhijskom modelu podataka:

    • Jedan roditelj može da ima više naslednika

    • Jedan naslednik može da ima više roditelja

    • Jedan naslednik može da ima dva roditelja

    • Jedan roditelj može da ima jednog naslednika

    Correct Answer
    A. Jedan roditelj može da ima više naslednika
    Explanation
    In a hierarchical data model, one parent can have multiple children. This means that a parent entity can have multiple child entities associated with it. This is a characteristic of hierarchical models, where a parent entity can have a one-to-many relationship with its child entities. Each child entity has only one parent, but a parent can have multiple children. This allows for a hierarchical structure where entities are organized in a tree-like structure with parent-child relationships.

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  • 3. 

    Najefikasniji način za dobijanje podataka iz relacionih baza podataka je:

    • Postavljanje upita

    • Pregledanje rekorda u bazi podataka

    • Obavezno sortiranje podataka pri unosu

    • Primena algoritma polovljenja intervala pri pregledanju sortiranih rekorda

    Correct Answer
    A. Postavljanje upita
    Explanation
    The most efficient way to retrieve data from relational databases is by using queries. Queries allow users to specify the criteria for the data they want to retrieve, which reduces the amount of unnecessary data that needs to be processed. By using queries, users can retrieve specific data quickly and efficiently, without having to manually browse through all the records in the database. Sorting data during input or applying interval halving algorithms during the browsing of sorted records are not the most effective methods for retrieving data from relational databases.

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  • 4. 

    Predefinisani domen je:

    • CHAR{30}

    • JMBG

    • BR.IND

    • REG.BR

    Correct Answer
    A. CHAR{30}
    Explanation
    The correct answer is CHAR{30}. This means that the predefined domain for the given question is a character string with a maximum length of 30 characters.

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  • 5. 

    Obeležiti složen atribut:

    • SmerNaFakultetu (Programiranje, Projektovanje)

    • GodinaStudija (1, 2, 3, 4)

    • Adresa (Ulica, Broj, Grad)

    • Naučno zvanje (Docent, VanredniProfesor, Profesor)

    Correct Answer
    A. Adresa (Ulica, Broj, Grad)
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Adresa (Ulica, Broj, Grad)". This is because "Adresa" is a complex attribute that consists of three sub-attributes: "Ulica" (street), "Broj" (number), and "Grad" (city). These sub-attributes provide more detailed information about the address, allowing for a more precise representation of the data.

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  • 6. 

    Veza između entiteta Dekan i Student je:

    • Jedan prema jedan (1:1)

    • Jedan prema više (1:*)

    • Više prema jedan (*:1)

    • Više prema više (*:*)

    Correct Answer
    A. Jedan prema više (1:*)
    Explanation
    The relationship between the entities Dekan and Student is "one to many" (1:*). This means that one Dekan can have multiple Students associated with them, but each Student can only have one Dekan. This type of relationship is commonly seen in situations where one entity has control or authority over multiple instances of another entity. In this case, the Dekan is likely responsible for overseeing and managing a group of Students.

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  • 7. 

    Šta je informacija?

    • Skup struktuiranih i nestruktuiranih podataka

    • Skup podataka, koji može da se ažurira i nad kojima se mogu postavljati upiti

    • Zapisani podatak u bazi podataka na disku

    • Obrađeni podatak nakon čega se znanje osobe koja koristi podatak povećalo

    Correct Answer
    A. Obrađeni podatak nakon čega se znanje osobe koja koristi podatak povećalo
    Explanation
    Information is defined as processed data that increases the knowledge of the person using it. This means that information is not just raw data, but data that has been analyzed and interpreted in a way that adds value and understanding. Therefore, the correct answer is "Obrađeni podatak nakon čega se znanje osobe koja koristi podatak povećalo."

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  • 8. 

    Obeležiti složen atribut:

    • Ocena

    • DatumRodjenja

    • Fakultet

    • JMBG

    Correct Answer
    A. DatumRodjenja
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "DatumRodjenja" because it is a complex attribute that consists of multiple sub-attributes such as day, month, and year. This attribute requires additional information to fully describe it, unlike the other options which are single attributes that do not require further breakdown.

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  • 9. 

    Ako se jedan podatak pojavljuje dva ili više puta u bazi podataka:

    • To predstavlja nepoželjnu redudansu, što može dovesti do gubitka podataka i do nekonzistentnosti baze podataka

    • To predstavlja poželjnu redudansu, jer se višestruko zapisani podaci ne mogu lako izgubiti

    • To olakšava kreiranje algoritama na aplikativnom nivou za pristup željenim podacima

    • To dovodi do sporijeg pristupa (neefikasnost) željenim podacima u bazi podataka

    Correct Answer
    A. To predstavlja nepoželjnu redudansu, što može dovesti do gubitka podataka i do nekonzistentnosti baze podataka
    Explanation
    When a piece of data appears multiple times in a database, it represents undesirable redundancy, which can lead to data loss and inconsistency in the database.

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  • 10. 

    Šta je podatak?

    • Činjenica o nekom predmetu i/ili događaju koja se može zabeležiti i sačuvati na računaru

    • Rezultat obrade više različitih informacija

    • Činjenica koja se ne može promeniti (konstanta), a može da poprimi NULL vrednost

    • Numerički izražena vrednost atributa, može biti različitog tipa

    Correct Answer
    A. Činjenica o nekom predmetu i/ili događaju koja se može zabeležiti i sačuvati na računaru
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Činjenica o nekom predmetu i/ili događaju koja se može zabeležiti i sačuvati na računaru." This answer defines data as a fact about an object or event that can be recorded and stored on a computer.

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  • 11. 

    Nastanak baza podataka - patent za automatsku obradu podataka, vezuje se za:

    • Charles-a Babbage-a

    • Howard-a Aiken-a

    • Herman-a Holerith-a

    • Alan-a Turing-a

    Correct Answer
    A. Herman-a Holerith-a
    Explanation
    Herman Holerith is credited with the creation of the first mechanical tabulating machine, which was used for data processing. This invention marked the beginning of the development of databases. Holerith's machine was used to process data from the US Census, demonstrating its effectiveness in handling large amounts of information. His invention laid the foundation for future advancements in data processing and storage, leading to the creation of modern databases.

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  • 12. 

    Veza između DEKAN i FAKULTET je:

    • 1:1 (jedan prema jedan)

    • 1:N (jedan prema više)

    • M:1 (više prema jedan)

    • M:N (više prema više)

    Correct Answer
    A. 1:1 (jedan prema jedan)
    Explanation
    The relationship between DEKAN and FAKULTET is a one-to-one relationship. This means that each DEKAN is associated with only one FAKULTET, and each FAKULTET is associated with only one DEKAN. There is a unique and exclusive connection between the two entities, with no duplication or multiple associations on either side.

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  • 13. 

    Opis logike primitivnih procesa počinje i završava:

    • Naredbom INCLUDE kojom se uključuju osnovne biblioteke i naredbom RETURN kojom se vraća u glavni program

    • Naredbom VOID ImePrimitivnogProcesa()

    • Naredbama BEGIN i END između kojih se nalazi opis primitivnog procesa

    • Naredbama za definisanje početnih vrednosti korišćenih promenljivih

    Correct Answer
    A. Naredbama BEGIN i END između kojih se nalazi opis primitivnog procesa
    Explanation
    The logic of primitive processes is described between the BEGIN and END statements, which contain the description of the primitive process. This is where the actual code for the process is written and executed. The other options mentioned, such as the INCLUDE and RETURN statements, are used for including libraries and returning to the main program, but they do not directly define the logic of the primitive process. The VOID ImePrimitivnogProcesa() statement is a function declaration, but it does not provide the actual code for the process. Therefore, the correct answer is the option that mentions the BEGIN and END statements.

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  • 14. 

    Baze podataka su:

    • Skup osnovnih (bazičnih) tipova podataka, kojima se pristupa iz viših programskih jezika (C, C++, JAVA, PHP, JSC, JSP)

    • Organizovani skup logički povezanih podataka, koji se održava i koje koristi više korisnika ili programa

    • Skup podataka koji se skladište na sigurnom mestu, a pristupaju im isključivo administratori sistema

    • Osnovni skup podataka iz koga se definišu novi podaci pomoću Data Base Management System-a (sistema za upravljanje bazama podataka)

    Correct Answer
    A. Organizovani skup logički povezanih podataka, koji se održava i koje koristi više korisnika ili programa
    Explanation
    Baze podataka su organizovani skup logički povezanih podataka, koji se održava i koje koristi više korisnika ili programa. This statement explains that databases are structured collections of logically connected data that are maintained and used by multiple users or programs.

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  • 15. 

    Šta su metapodaci?

    • Podaci koji mogu poprimiti NULL vrednost, do trenutka unošenja konkretnih podataka

    • Podaci koji imaju ograničen vek trajanja i često se menjaju od strane aplikativnih programa

    • Podaci koji opisuju svojstva ili karakteristike podataka krajnjih korisnika i kontekst tih podataka

    • Popularni naziv za različite tipove podataka krajnjih korisnika

    Correct Answer
    A. Podaci koji opisuju svojstva ili karakteristike podataka krajnjih korisnika i kontekst tih podataka
    Explanation
    Metapodaci su podaci koji opisuju svojstva ili karakteristike podataka krajnjih korisnika i kontekst tih podataka. Metapodaci pružaju dodatne informacije o podacima, kao što su njihov format, struktura, vrednost, autor, datum kreiranja i slično. Oni pomažu korisnicima da bolje razumeju i tumače podatke, kao i da ih efikasnije koriste u različitim kontekstima.

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  • 16. 

    Registar korisnika određuje:

    • Ko može da pristupi podacima, kojim podacima i šta može sa njima da radi

    • Redosled prijavljivanja korisnika za rad nad jedinstvenom bazom podataka

    • Broj korisnika koji mogu da unose metapodatke za definisanje rada baze podataka

    • Username i password za definisanje objekata baze podataka

    Correct Answer
    A. Ko može da pristupi podacima, kojim podacima i šta može sa njima da radi
    Explanation
    The registrar of users determines who can access the data, which data they can access, and what actions they can perform with the data.

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  • 17. 

    Karakteristično za klasičan sistem baza, zasnovan na datotekama i programskim jezicima je:

    • Nakon promene programera lako se može nastaviti razvoj aplikacija

    • Teško se mogu koristiti prethodna razvojna dostignuća, razvoj je uvek od početka

    • Nastavak razvoja aplikacija je jednostavan jer postoji veliki broj programera

    • Lako je nastaviti razvoj aplikacija, ako se ne menja programski jezik

    Correct Answer
    A. Teško se mogu koristiti prethodna razvojna dostignuća, razvoj je uvek od početka
    Explanation
    In a classical file-based and programming language-based system, it is difficult to use previous development achievements and the development process always starts from the beginning. This means that any progress made in previous development efforts cannot be easily utilized or built upon, requiring developers to start from scratch each time. This lack of reusability and continuity in development is a characteristic of such systems.

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  • 18. 

    U relaciji Službenik (JMBG, Ime, Adresa, Položaj, Medalja) karakteristično je sledeće:

    • Nedostaje atribut Telefon

    • Moguće je da se pojave dve identične n-torke

    • Relacija je prekomplikovana i nepregledna

    • Javlja se veliki broj NULL vrednosti za atribut Medalja

    Correct Answer
    A. Javlja se veliki broj NULL vrednosti za atribut Medalja
    Explanation
    The given answer suggests that in the relation "Službenik" (Employee), there is a large number of NULL values for the attribute "Medalja" (Medal). This means that many employees do not have a value assigned to the "Medalja" attribute, indicating that they have not received any medals.

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  • 19. 

    Jak objekat u MOV modelu je:

    • Objekat koji može da egzistira samostalno. Ne zavisi od drugih objekata

    • Objekat koji ima najviše atributa

    • Objekat koji za primarni ključ ima samo jedan atribut

    • Objekat koji se dalje ne može dekomponovati. Svi njegovi atributi su osnovnog tipa

    Correct Answer
    A. Objekat koji može da egzistira samostalno. Ne zavisi od drugih objekata
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "objekat koji može da egzistira samostalno. Ne zavisi od drugih objekata." This answer suggests that an object in the MOV model is one that can exist independently and does not depend on other objects. In other words, it is self-contained and does not rely on any other objects for its existence or functionality.

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  • 20. 

    U šemi relacije STUDENT (BrInd, Ime, Prezime, GodineStarosti, Adresa, Telefon) obeležiti loše izabran atribut:

    • BrInd

    • Ime

    • Prezime

    • GodineStarosti

    • Adresa

    • Telefon

    Correct Answer
    A. GodineStarosti
    Explanation
    The attribute "GodineStarosti" should be marked as a key attribute in the relation STUDENT. This means that it uniquely identifies each student in the relation. The other attributes (BrInd, Ime, Prezime, Adresa, Telefon) may not be unique for each student, as multiple students can have the same name, address, or phone number. However, each student will have a unique age, so "GodineStarosti" can be used as a primary key in the relation.

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  • 21. 

    Entitet po svojoj prirodi predstavlja:

    • Deo okruženja, konkretan objekat, veza između objekata, apstraktni pojam, događaj, asocijacija

    • Isključivo objekat iz realnog sveta koji se može opipati (sto, stolica, automobil, zgrada, fakultet, student i sl.)

    • Softverski alat koji se koristi za održavanje baza podataka

    • Hardver (PC računar, mainframe, notebook, PDA i sl.) na kome se realizuje baza podataka

    Correct Answer
    A. Deo okruženja, konkretan objekat, veza između objekata, apstraktni pojam, događaj, asocijacija
    Explanation
    The correct answer is that an entity, by its nature, represents a part of the environment, a concrete object, a relationship between objects, an abstract concept, an event, or an association.

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  • 22. 

    U hijerarhijskom modelu podataka ne mogu se predstaviti veze tipa:

    • 1:1 (jedan prema jedan)

    • 1:N (jedan prema više)

    • 1:2 (jedan prema dva)

    • M:N (više prema više)

    Correct Answer
    A. M:N (više prema više)
    Explanation
    In the hierarchical data model, relationships between entities are represented in a parent-child structure, where each child has only one parent. This model does not allow for many-to-many relationships (M:N), where multiple entities from one table can be related to multiple entities in another table. Therefore, M:N relationships cannot be represented in the hierarchical data model.

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  • 23. 

    Slab objekat u MOV modelu je:

    • Objekat koji se može dekomponovati na bar dva nova objekta

    • Objekat koji se nalazi na kraju DTP analize

    • Objekat koji ne postoji samostalno, a idetifikuje ga jak objekat

    • Objekat koji ne može da stupa u veze sa drugim objektima

    Correct Answer
    A. Objekat koji ne postoji samostalno, a idetifikuje ga jak objekat
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "objekat koji ne postoji samostalno, a identifikuje ga jak objekat" which translates to "an object that does not exist independently, but is identified by a strong object." In the MOV model, a slab object is a dependent object that cannot exist on its own and is identified by a more significant object. It relies on the strong object for its existence and cannot function independently.

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  • 24. 

    Baza podataka se putem Interneta može otvoriti ka kupcima. U tom slučaju:

    • Važno je obratiti pažnju na sigurnost i integritet podataka

    • Jednostavno se može trgovati i plaćati roba

    • Bezbednost podataka u Internetu onemogućava zloupotrebu baze

    • Mora se dozvoliti samo pregled podataka, a izmene se moraju zabraniti

    Correct Answer
    A. Važno je obratiti pažnju na sigurnost i integritet podataka
    Explanation
    When opening a database to customers via the Internet, it is important to pay attention to the security and integrity of the data. This means that measures need to be taken to ensure that the data is protected from unauthorized access and that it remains accurate and consistent. This is crucial because the Internet presents various risks and vulnerabilities that can be exploited by malicious actors. Therefore, it is necessary to prioritize the security and integrity of the data to prevent any potential misuse or compromise.

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  • 25. 

    Ako se u procesu modelovanja uoči premalo atributa, to znači da je:

    • Model jednostavan, njegova verodostojnost mala, ograničena je upotrebljivost informacija

    • Model jednostavan, njegova verodostojnost velika i omogućava dobijanje efikasnih informacija

    • Model komplikovan, njegova verodostojnost velika i dobijene informacije su upotrebljive

    • Model komplikovan zato što zbog malo atributa postoji puno međusobnih veza, a dobijene informacije su veoma upotrebljive

    Correct Answer
    A. Model jednostavan, njegova verodostojnost mala, ograničena je upotrebljivost informacija
    Explanation
    If there are too few attributes in the modeling process, it means that the model is simple, its credibility is low, and the usability of the information is limited.

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  • 26. 

    Šta je sistem za upravljanje bazama podataka?

    • Softverski sistem koji se koristi za kreiranje, održavanje i manipulisanje podacima, kao i za kontrolu prava pristupa bazi podataka

    • Softverski sistem za upravljanje metapodacima

    • Softverski sistem za pristup datotekama, podacima i informacijama, koji obezbeđuje apsolutna prava pristupa pojedinim korisnicima baze podataka

    • Softverski sistem za on-line i off-line pristup bazi podataka i kojim omogućava kopiranje podataka između različitih aplikacija nad bazom podataka

    Correct Answer
    A. Softverski sistem koji se koristi za kreiranje, održavanje i manipulisanje podacima, kao i za kontrolu prava pristupa bazi podataka
    Explanation
    The correct answer is a software system that is used for creating, maintaining, and manipulating data, as well as controlling access rights to the database. This explanation states that a database management system is a software system that performs various tasks related to data management, including creating and maintaining the database, manipulating data within the database, and controlling access to the database by granting or restricting user privileges.

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  • 27. 

    Modelovanje procesa iz realnog sveta:

    • Vrši se potpuno u računaru bez uticaja čoveka. Takav model je maksimalno precizan jer se računarom obuhvataju svi detalji procesa iz realnog sveta.

    • Svodi se na izbor broja, veličine i tipa datoteka i softverskih aplikacija potrebnih za njihovo održavanje

    • Predstavlja pojednostavljivanje problema iz realnog sveta i njegovo posmatranje samo sa stanovišta bitnih za ciljeve analize

    • Obuhvata sve probleme koji postoje u realnom svetu

    Correct Answer
    A. Predstavlja pojednostavljivanje problema iz realnog sveta i njegovo posmatranje samo sa stanovišta bitnih za ciljeve analize
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "predstavlja pojednostavljivanje problema iz realnog sveta i njegovo posmatranje samo sa stanovišta bitnih za ciljeve analize". This means that modeling real-world processes involves simplifying the problems and analyzing them only from the perspective that is relevant to the analysis goals. It does not encompass all the problems that exist in the real world and is not dependent on human influence. By focusing on the essential aspects, the model can be more precise and accurate.

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  • 28. 

    Ako se u procesu modelovanja uoči previše atributa, to znači da je:

    • Verodostojnost modela mala, model nije kompleksan, manipulacije su teške, ali su dobijene informacije veoma upotrebljive

    • Model jednostavan zato što zbog velikog broja atributa postoji minimalan broj veza među objektima, a dobijene informacije su veoma upotrebljive

    • Verodostojnost modela odlična, kompleksnost je velika, manipulacije su teške, dobijene informacije su konfuzne

    • Verodostojnost modela mala, kompleksnost je velika, manipulacije su jednostavne, a dobijene informacije su upotrebljive

    Correct Answer
    A. Verodostojnost modela odlična, kompleksnost je velika, manipulacije su teške, dobijene informacije su konfuzne
    Explanation
    If there are too many attributes in the modeling process, it means that the credibility of the model is excellent, the complexity is high, manipulations are difficult, and the obtained information is confusing.

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  • 29. 

    Primarni ključ jedne relacije:

    • Može da se sastoji iz više atributa

    • Predstavlja se isključivo jednim atributom

    • Obavezno je na prvom mestu liste atributa koji opisuju dati entitet

    • Obavezno je redni broj unosa podatka u tabelu

    Correct Answer
    A. Može da se sastoji iz više atributa
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "može da se sastoji iz više atributa" which translates to "can consist of multiple attributes". This means that a primary key in a relation can be composed of more than one attribute. In a database, a primary key is a unique identifier for each record in a table, and it can be formed by combining multiple attributes to ensure uniqueness.

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  • 30. 

    Korisnički domen je:

    • CHAR{30}

    • REAL

    • DATE

    • IDENT

    Correct Answer
    A. IDENT
    Explanation
    The correct answer is IDENT. This is because "IDENT" stands for "identifier" and is typically used to represent a unique identifier or key in a database. In the context of a user domain, an identifier would be used to uniquely identify each user within the domain. Therefore, "IDENT" is the most appropriate data type for representing a user domain.

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  • 31. 

    Karakteristika ličnih baza podataka je:

    • Podaci se lako dele sa drugim korisnicima

    • Mogu da unaprede produktivnost pojedinca

    • Iz njih se lako prenose podaci do baze cele organizacije

    • Lako prerastaju u baze podataka cele organizacije

    Correct Answer
    A. Mogu da unaprede produktivnost pojedinca
    Explanation
    The characteristic of personal databases is that they can improve individual productivity.

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  • 32. 

    Teorijske osnove relacionog modela podataka postavio je 1970. godine:

    • Edgar Cood

    • Herman Holerith

    • Charles Babbage

    • Howard Aiken

    Correct Answer
    A. Edgar Cood
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Edgar Cood. Edgar Cood is credited with establishing the theoretical foundations of the relational data model in 1970. The relational data model is a conceptual framework that organizes data into tables or relations, with each table consisting of rows and columns. This model has become the basis for modern database management systems and is widely used in the field of data management.

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  • 33. 

    Obeležiti proste atribute:

    • Adresa (Ulica, Broj, Grad)

    • BrojIndeksa (1, 2, do 250)

    • Boja (Crveno, Plavo, Žuto)

    • Godina studija (1, 2, 3, 4)

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. BrojIndeksa (1, 2, do 250)
    A. Boja (Crveno, Plavo, Žuto)
    A. Godina studija (1, 2, 3, 4)
    Explanation
    The correct answer includes the attributes "BrojIndeksa" with values ranging from 1 to 250, "Boja" with values "Crveno," "Plavo," and "Žuto," and "Godina studija" with values 1, 2, 3, and 4. These attributes are considered as "proste" or simple attributes because they have distinct values and do not require any further decomposition or combination.

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  • 34. 

    Šta ne spada u elemente dijagrama toka podataka (DTP)?

    • Interfejsi

    • Procesi

    • Tokovi podataka

    • Tabele

    • Skladišta podataka

    Correct Answer
    A. Tabele
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Tabele". Tables are not considered as elements of a data flow diagram (DFD). DFDs primarily represent the flow of data between processes, interfaces, and data streams. Tables, on the other hand, are used to store and organize data but do not directly participate in the flow of data within a DFD.

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  • 35. 

    Komponente relacionog modela podataka su:

    • Interna, konceptualna i eksterna

    • Fizička, logička i izvršna

    • Strukturna, integritetska i manipulativna

    • Hijerarhijska, mrežna i relaciona

    Correct Answer
    A. Strukturna, integritetska i manipulativna
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "strukturna, integritetska i manipulativna". These terms refer to different components of the relational data model. The "strukturna" component refers to the structure or organization of the data, such as tables, columns, and relationships. The "integritetska" component refers to the integrity constraints that ensure data consistency and accuracy, such as primary keys, foreign keys, and unique constraints. The "manipulativna" component refers to the operations or actions that can be performed on the data, such as inserting, updating, and deleting records. Together, these components form the foundation of the relational data model.

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  • 36. 

    Sledeće aktivnosti u ciljnoj relaciji mogu da naruše referencijalni integritet:

    • Unos (INSERT) novih n-torki

    • Brisanje (DELETE) postojećih n-torki

    • Selektovanje (SELECT) postojećih n-torki

    • Izmena (UPDATE) postojećih n-torki

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Brisanje (DELETE) postojećih n-torki
    A. Izmena (UPDATE) postojećih n-torki
    Explanation
    The activities that can violate referential integrity are deleting (DELETE) existing tuples and modifying (UPDATE) existing tuples. These actions can potentially break the relationships between tables and lead to inconsistencies in the data. Inserting (INSERT) new tuples and selecting (SELECT) existing tuples do not directly affect referential integrity as they do not change or delete existing data.

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  • 37. 

    Pogledi (views) na bazu podataka predstavljaju:

    • Različite pristupe modelovanju baza podataka (hijerarhijski, mrežni, relacioni, objektni model podatak)

    • Deo aplikativnog programa koji predstavlja celinu (definisanje, menjanje ili prava pristupa bazi podataka)

    • Izbor programskog paketa (C, C++, JAVA, JSP, PHP i sl.) za pristup bazi podataka

    • Način ograničavanja prava korisnika. Nad jedinstvenim podacima ograničava se pravo pristupa korisnicima samo željenim podacima

    Correct Answer
    A. Način ograničavanja prava korisnika. Nad jedinstvenim podacima ograničava se pravo pristupa korisnicima samo željenim podacima
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "način ograničavanja prava korisnika. Nad jedinstvenim podacima ograničava se pravo pristupa korisnicima samo željenim podacima." This answer suggests that database views are a way to restrict user access to only the desired data. By creating views, the database administrator can control what data users are allowed to see and access, ensuring that they only have access to the specific information they need. This helps to maintain data security and privacy.

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  • 38. 

    U hijerarhijskom modelu podataka:

    • Ne može se obrisati slog u tabeli naslednika ako se ne obriše u roditeljskoj tabeli

    • Ne može se obrisati slog u tabeli naslednika ako se ne obriše kod svih naslednika

    • Ne može se dodati slog u tabelu naslednika dok se ne uključi u roditeljsku tabelu

    • Ne može se dodati slog u tabelu roditelja ako ne postoje naslednici

    Correct Answer
    A. Ne može se dodati slog u tabelu naslednika dok se ne uključi u roditeljsku tabelu
    Explanation
    In a hierarchical data model, a record cannot be added to the child table until it is included in the parent table. This is because the hierarchical model follows a one-to-many relationship, where each parent can have multiple children but each child can have only one parent. Therefore, before adding a record to the child table, it must first be associated with a record in the parent table.

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  • 39. 

    Opis logike primitivnih procesa se vrši u:

    • Formalnom jeziku za strukturnu sistemsku analizu

    • Višem programskom jeziku, najčešće C, C++ ili struktuiranom jeziku kao što je PASCAL

    • Govornom (prirodnom) jeziku, u pseudokodu, ili fragmentima nekog višeg programskog jezika

    • Višem programskom jeziku gde postoji strogi formalizam u korišćenju sintakse jezika

    Correct Answer
    A. Govornom (prirodnom) jeziku, u pseudokodu, ili fragmentima nekog višeg programskog jezika
    Explanation
    The explanation for the given correct answer is that the description of primitive processes is done in a natural language, such as spoken language, pseudocode, or fragments of a higher-level programming language. This means that instead of using a formal or structured language, the description can be expressed in a more human-readable and understandable way. This allows for easier communication and comprehension of the logic behind the primitive processes.

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  • 40. 

    Karakteristično za atribute kod DOV dijagrama je:

    • Predstavlja se trapezom u koji se upisuje ime atributa

    • Prvi atribut sa leve pozicije predstavlja primarni ključ

    • Ne mogu se pojaviti kod veza između objekata

    • Broj atributa jednog objekta nije ograničen

    Correct Answer
    A. Broj atributa jednog objekta nije ograničen
    Explanation
    The characteristic of attributes in a DOV diagram is that the number of attributes for one object is not limited. This means that an object can have any number of attributes associated with it, without any restrictions on the maximum or minimum number of attributes.

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  • 41. 

    Rekurzivna veza kod DOV dijagrama se odnosi na slučaj kada:

    • Slab entitet zavisi od jakog entiteta i obrnuto

    • Jedan isti atribut definiše bar dva entiteta

    • Veza ne poseduje svoje identifikaciono ime

    • Jedan entitet učestvuje u vezi sa samim sobom

    Correct Answer
    A. Jedan entitet učestvuje u vezi sa samim sobom
    Explanation
    The correct answer states that a recursive relationship in an ER diagram occurs when one entity participates in a relationship with itself. This means that an entity can have a relationship with another instance of the same entity. This type of relationship is commonly seen in hierarchical structures or when modeling self-referencing relationships.

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  • 42. 

    Karakteristično za klasičan sistem baza, zasnovan na datotekama i programskim jezicima je:

    • Mala redudansa podataka

    • Nema redudanse podataka

    • Velika redudansa podataka

    • Kontrolisana redudansa podataka

    Correct Answer
    A. Velika redudansa podataka
    Explanation
    In a classical file-based and programming language-based system, there is typically a high level of data redundancy. This means that the same data may be stored in multiple locations or multiple times within the system. This redundancy can lead to inefficiencies and increased storage requirements, but it can also provide benefits such as improved data availability and fault tolerance.

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  • 43. 

    U procesu modelovanja, objekat iz realnog sveta minimalno ima:

    • 0 (nula) atributa

    • 1 (jedan) atribut

    • 2 (dva) atributa

    • 3 (tri) atributa

    Correct Answer
    A. 1 (jedan) atribut
    Explanation
    In the process of modeling, an object from the real world must have at least one attribute. This means that it should possess at least one characteristic or property that can be described or represented in the model. Without any attributes, the object would have no defining features or information associated with it, making it essentially meaningless in the modeling context. Therefore, the correct answer is 1 (jedan) atribut.

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  • 44. 

    Veza između entiteta STUDENT i PROFESOR je:

    • 1:1 (jedan prema jedan)

    • 1:N (jedan prema više)

    • M:1 (više prema jedan)

    • M:N (više prema više)

    Correct Answer
    A. M:N (više prema više)
    Explanation
    The relationship between the entities STUDENT and PROFESOR is M:N (više prema više) which means that multiple students can be associated with multiple professors and vice versa. This indicates that a student can have multiple professors and a professor can have multiple students.

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  • 45. 

    U opisu logike primitivnih procesa:

    • Mogu se koristiti IF THEN ELSE, DO WHILE, FOR i slične strukture

    • Ne koriste se IF THEN ELSE strukture pošto kod primitivnih procesa ne postoji selektivna struktura

    • Ne koriste se FOR petlje, pošto su primitivni procesi elementarni i svode se na niz sekvencijalnih naredbi

    • Koriste se posebno definisane naredbe pseudokoda sa strogo definisanom sintaksom

    Correct Answer
    A. Mogu se koristiti IF THEN ELSE, DO WHILE, FOR i slične strukture
    Explanation
    The correct answer states that in the description of primitive processes, IF THEN ELSE, DO WHILE, FOR, and similar structures can be used. This means that these structures can be utilized to define the logic of primitive processes. Additionally, it is mentioned that specially defined pseudocode commands with strictly defined syntax are used in these processes. It is also mentioned that selective structures like IF THEN ELSE are not used in primitive processes, as there is no need for them. Similarly, FOR loops are not used because primitive processes are elementary and can be reduced to a sequence of sequential commands.

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  • 46. 

    Neka su zadati skupovi A = {1, 2, 3, 4} i B = {4, 6, 8}. Nad ovim skupovima je definisana relacija r: AxB = {(a, b) | a = b/2}. Sledi da je:

    • R = {(1, 2); (2, 3); (3, 4); (4, 5); (5, 6); (6, 7); (7, 8)}

    • R = {(1, 2); (2, 4); (3, 6); (4, 8)}

    • R = {(2, 4); (3, 6); (4, 8)}

    • R = {(4, 2); (6, 3); (8, 4)}

    Correct Answer
    A. R = {(2, 4); (3, 6); (4, 8)}
    Explanation
    The correct answer is r = {(2, 4); (3, 6); (4, 8)}. This is because the relation r is defined as {(a, b) | a = b/2}. Looking at the elements in set A, we can see that when a = 2, b = 4; when a = 3, b = 6; and when a = 4, b = 8. Therefore, the relation r only includes these three pairs.

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  • 47. 

    U relacionom modelu podataka:

    • Osnovna mana je što se ne zasniva na nekoj strogoj matematičkoj teoriji, pa se ne može efikasno vršiti programiranje

    • Minimalna je redudansa, i objekti i veze se predstavljaju tabelama, nema anomalija ažuriranja, u jednoj tabeli ne postoje dva identična reda

    • Maksimalna je redudansa podataka, efikasno se predstavljaju veze tipa M:N, ne postoje anomalije ažuriranja, ali se mogu javiti anomalije kod brisanja podataka

    • Tabele su povezane pokazivačima (pointerima), koji ukazuju na početak druge tabele

    Correct Answer
    A. Minimalna je redudansa, i objekti i veze se predstavljaju tabelama, nema anomalija ažuriranja, u jednoj tabeli ne postoje dva identična reda
    Explanation
    The given answer states that the basic drawback of the relational data model is that it does not rely on a strict mathematical theory, so programming cannot be efficiently performed. It also mentions that there is minimal redundancy in the model, with both objects and relationships being represented by tables. Additionally, it states that there are no update anomalies and no duplicate rows in a table.

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  • 48. 

    Primarni ključ jedne šeme relacije:

    • Mora da bude na prvom mestu pri definisanju šeme relacije

    • Može da poprimi NULL vrednost

    • Može da se sastoji iz više atributa

    • Mora da bude samo jedan atribut

    Correct Answer
    A. Može da se sastoji iz više atributa
    Explanation
    The primary key of a relation can be composed of multiple attributes. This means that it can be made up of more than one attribute in order to uniquely identify each tuple in the relation. Having a primary key composed of multiple attributes allows for more flexibility and precision in identifying and referencing specific tuples in the relation.

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  • 49. 

    Fizički dizajn baze podataka je bitan zbog:

    • Efikasnog izvršavanja upita

    • Struktuirane organizacije podataka u memoriji

    • Preglednosti softvera (lake naknadne izmene)

    • Hijerarhijske organizacije podataka u memoriji

    Correct Answer
    A. Efikasnog izvršavanja upita
    Explanation
    The physical design of a database is important for efficient query execution. By optimizing the physical layout of the data, such as indexing and partitioning, the database can retrieve and process the required information more quickly, resulting in faster query execution. This leads to improved performance and responsiveness of the software application.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 22, 2023 +

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  • Mar 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Nov 07, 2015
    Quiz Created by
    Laki.carina
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