Upper Unit 4

6  Melbourne has many places of ________ beauty. NATURE

8  The new ________ at the Tate Gallery was a little disappointing. EXHIBIT

4  To be a good designer, you have to be ___________ as well as dedicated. CREATE

10  My dad was a circus ________ in his youth. PERFORM

3 What information does Marion explain?

• Both where and when Lonni Sue first showed symptoms of the disease

•  how Lonni Sue’s family responded when they saw she was ill

•  the reasons why Lonni Sue caught such a serious infection

6  Which of these memories was the hardest for Lonni Sue to recover

• Remembering how to play a musical instrument

• Being able to recall her close relatives

• Knowing what her job had been before the infection

READING You are going to read an article about cave paintings that were found on a Caribbean island. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A–G the one which fits each gap (1–5). There are two extra sentences which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). Cave walls record early encounters between the Old World and the New Deep inside caves beneath a lonely island that lies about sixty kilometres west of Puerto Rico, archaeologists have discovered a number of underground galleries full of intriguing art. (0)  D  This is something nobody expected to find. There are ancient drawings by the islanders alongside religious symbols made by Spanish sailors from one of Christopher Columbus’ ships. Although barely fifty square kilometres in area, the whole of the remote island of Isla Mona has caves underground. More than two hundred have been discovered so far, but only a few have been explored. (1) ________ It is thought that they made these fantastical swirls, lines and figures by dragging fingernails through the soft surface of the walls and ceilings. Representing the most diverse collection of motifs in all the Caribbean, the thousands of designs catalogued so far include humans, animals and geometric symbols. Some span several metres in width, and many overlap to form an illustrated record of repeated visits to the caves. Research has shown that indigenous people lived on this rocky outpost for more than five thousand years, and that the last century of that period of habitation overlapped with the start of the European colonial era. There is, of course, no written record of their history. (2) ________ This event placed the island on what would become a well- travelled route between Europe and the New World. And that’s when things get doubly interesting in the underground passages. In one of the same caves that contain indigenous art, archaeologists have found marks that appear to have been left by early Europeans who visited the island from the Spanish strongholds of Puerto Rico and Hispaniola. The marks include Spanish names, phrases in Latin and Spanish and other symbols. (3) ________ The most useful of these symbols, from a historical point of view, were the surprisingly modern graffiti – names and dates, most from the mid-sixteenth century, that people must have scratched onto the cave walls to record their presence. One name in particular points clearly to a European: Francisco Alegre. Historical documents identify him as a Spaniard who arrived in the West Indies in the 1530s. (4) ________ Similarities between his signature and the cave inscription suggest that Alegre himself visited this cave and succumbed to the age-old impulse of leaving his mark. The juxtaposition of the European and indigenous markings, the lack of images showing conflict, and the fact that Europeans would have needed native guides to find this cave, all suggest a narrative that’s very different from the usual saga of the Spanish conquest of the New World. This was one moment in time when two groups of strangers were getting to know each other and sharing ideas. (5) ________ It truly is a remarkable discovery and one that will change our understanding of the history of the Caribbean. A  In contrast, there’s plenty of evidence that Christopher Columbus stopped on the island in 1494. B  You could say that they were figuring out what this new intercultural connection might mean for the future. C  A number of archaeologist shave cast doubt on the latter of these claims, arguing that the images may be of an earlier date. D  Created by both indigenous peoples and early European visitors, the images record the first contact between two very different world views. E  Intrigued by such an amazing discovery, the team have set up an international database to process their finds. F  Of those that have, about two dozen have revealed intricate designs reflecting the spiritual beliefs of the indigenous people. G  Based in San Juan, Puerto Rico, he eventually was put in charge of royal estates, which included Isla Mona. H  Many were carved with sharp-edged tools which indigenous people could not have had in their possession.

VOCABULARY Task 2 Complete the text with the words from the word list. There are two extra words which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). WORD LIST:  acting closing exhibiting exposing participating performing protesting regulating soothing spending(x3) waking I’ve always been a big fan of small live venues so when I heard that a historical venue near my home was (0) closing down, I decided it was time to take action. There are still plenty of arty art galleries in my city (1) ___________ boring artwork, or trendy jazz bars playing dull, barely audible music – (2) ___________ after a day at work, I guess, but who wants to relax?! Shockingly though, there simply aren’t many venues for new, lively rock and indy bands. In this digital age, it’s easy to forget how essential such places are for new bands. In my youth, I remember (3) ___________ with my pretty talentless band in some great (if slightly run-down) venues in my home city of Sheffield, (4) ___________ hours setting up our kit, and (5) ___________ in endless rows about which songs to play and in which order. On one occasion, the stage we were on fell apart, (6) ___________ all the plumbing and electrical wires beneath, and nearly breaking the ankle of our lead singer. (7) ___________ all our free time doing gigs was fantastic – it gives me goosebumps to remember those great days. What a shame that today’s generation of kids is being denied the same opportunity. Local government is to blame. Politicians are (8) ___________ small venues out of business by making them meet strict legal guidelines. Some venues are (9) ___________ a fortune on fire precautions and emergency exits, while others are closing. Disappointingly, few people are (10) ___________ about the closure of so many venues, but I think it’s time more of us did. (4) ________

9  Davina is very ________. She is so talented that she has won a place at one of the country’s leading art colleges. ART

10 To Marion, which of the following is most important when it comes to memory?

• Without it we can’t really make plans or decisions.

• Without it we lose a sense of our identity.

• Without it we’ll forget our loved ones.

5  The fine ________ are on display in all their grandeur in London’s greatest galleries. ART

9 Marion says that Lonni Sue’s inability to form new memories

• May be the most surprising aspect of her condition.

• Occurs less often than other aspects of her condition.

•  is what her friends struggle to deal with most.

GRAMMAR Task 1 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). A decade ago, a decision was made to redesign (0) much of the National Museum. To do this, (1) ___ museums would have closed down completely, but (2) ___ trustees of the National Museum didn’t want to follow such a course of action. Closing the (3) ___ museum would have cost a huge (4) ___ of money in ticket sales. Consequently, an alternative solution was needed. The museum asked a (5) ___ of leading architectural design companies to propose a solution. (6) ___ company was given the opportunity to submit their plans. Initially, (7) ___ company came up with a solution that met the museum’s demands. Eventually, however, two companies were shortlisted to do the work. (8) ___ had good ideas. One proposed closing down one wing at a time, while the other proposed carrying out work behind glass barriers to protect the public from any debris. (9) ___ option seemed viable. In the end, the museum chose the latter idea, hoping that by keeping (10) ___ gallery in the museum open during the entire refurbishment they would keep their customers happy. (1) ____________

• Most 

• Plenty

• A lot

• Much

GRAMMAR Task 1 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). A decade ago, a decision was made to redesign (0) much of the National Museum. To do this, (1) ___ museums would have closed down completely, but (2) ___ trustees of the National Museum didn’t want to follow such a course of action. Closing the (3) ___ museum would have cost a huge (4) ___ of money in ticket sales. Consequently, an alternative solution was needed. The museum asked a (5) ___ of leading architectural design companies to propose a solution. (6) ___ company was given the opportunity to submit their plans. Initially, (7) ___ company came up with a solution that met the museum’s demands. Eventually, however, two companies were shortlisted to do the work. (8) ___ had good ideas. One proposed closing down one wing at a time, while the other proposed carrying out work behind glass barriers to protect the public from any debris. (9) ___ option seemed viable. In the end, the museum chose the latter idea, hoping that by keeping (10) ___ gallery in the museum open during the entire refurbishment they would keep their customers happy. (6) ____________

• Each

• All

• Whole

• Some

GRAMMAR Task 1 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). A decade ago, a decision was made to redesign (0) much of the National Museum. To do this, (1) ___ museums would have closed down completely, but (2) ___ trustees of the National Museum didn’t want to follow such a course of action. Closing the (3) ___ museum would have cost a huge (4) ___ of money in ticket sales. Consequently, an alternative solution was needed. The museum asked a (5) ___ of leading architectural design companies to propose a solution. (6) ___ company was given the opportunity to submit their plans. Initially, (7) ___ company came up with a solution that met the museum’s demands. Eventually, however, two companies were shortlisted to do the work. (8) ___ had good ideas. One proposed closing down one wing at a time, while the other proposed carrying out work behind glass barriers to protect the public from any debris. (9) ___ option seemed viable. In the end, the museum chose the latter idea, hoping that by keeping (10) ___ gallery in the museum open during the entire refurbishment they would keep their customers happy. (3) ____________

• All

• Whole

• Every

• Most

2  What does Marion say about Lonni Sue Johnson’s career before the accident?

• She worked in the music industry.

• She was a commercial pilot.

• She had success as an artist.

7  ________ , what’s important is not art itself but how we experience it. ULTIMATE

VOCABULARY Task 2 Complete the text with the words from the word list. There are two extra words which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). WORD LIST:  acting closing exhibiting exposing participating performing protesting regulating soothing spending(x3) waking I’ve always been a big fan of small live venues so when I heard that a historical venue near my home was (0) closing down, I decided it was time to take action. There are still plenty of arty art galleries in my city (1) ___________ boring artwork, or trendy jazz bars playing dull, barely audible music – (2) ___________ after a day at work, I guess, but who wants to relax?! Shockingly though, there simply aren’t many venues for new, lively rock and indy bands. In this digital age, it’s easy to forget how essential such places are for new bands. In my youth, I remember (3) ___________ with my pretty talentless band in some great (if slightly run-down) venues in my home city of Sheffield, (4) ___________ hours setting up our kit, and (5) ___________ in endless rows about which songs to play and in which order. On one occasion, the stage we were on fell apart, (6) ___________ all the plumbing and electrical wires beneath, and nearly breaking the ankle of our lead singer. (7) ___________ all our free time doing gigs was fantastic – it gives me goosebumps to remember those great days. What a shame that today’s generation of kids is being denied the same opportunity. Local government is to blame. Politicians are (8) ___________ small venues out of business by making them meet strict legal guidelines. Some venues are (9) ___________ a fortune on fire precautions and emergency exits, while others are closing. Disappointingly, few people are (10) ___________ about the closure of so many venues, but I think it’s time more of us did. (7) ________

GRAMMAR Task 1 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). A decade ago, a decision was made to redesign (0) much of the National Museum. To do this, (1) ___ museums would have closed down completely, but (2) ___ trustees of the National Museum didn’t want to follow such a course of action. Closing the (3) ___ museum would have cost a huge (4) ___ of money in ticket sales. Consequently, an alternative solution was needed. The museum asked a (5) ___ of leading architectural design companies to propose a solution. (6) ___ company was given the opportunity to submit their plans. Initially, (7) ___ company came up with a solution that met the museum’s demands. Eventually, however, two companies were shortlisted to do the work. (8) ___ had good ideas. One proposed closing down one wing at a time, while the other proposed carrying out work behind glass barriers to protect the public from any debris. (9) ___ option seemed viable. In the end, the museum chose the latter idea, hoping that by keeping (10) ___ gallery in the museum open during the entire refurbishment they would keep their customers happy. (10) ____________

• Certain

• Every

• Both

• All

VOCABULARY Task 2 Complete the text with the words from the word list. There are two extra words which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). WORD LIST:  acting closing exhibiting exposing participating performing protesting regulating soothing spending(x3) waking I’ve always been a big fan of small live venues so when I heard that a historical venue near my home was (0) closing down, I decided it was time to take action. There are still plenty of arty art galleries in my city (1) ___________ boring artwork, or trendy jazz bars playing dull, barely audible music – (2) ___________ after a day at work, I guess, but who wants to relax?! Shockingly though, there simply aren’t many venues for new, lively rock and indy bands. In this digital age, it’s easy to forget how essential such places are for new bands. In my youth, I remember (3) ___________ with my pretty talentless band in some great (if slightly run-down) venues in my home city of Sheffield, (4) ___________ hours setting up our kit, and (5) ___________ in endless rows about which songs to play and in which order. On one occasion, the stage we were on fell apart, (6) ___________ all the plumbing and electrical wires beneath, and nearly breaking the ankle of our lead singer. (7) ___________ all our free time doing gigs was fantastic – it gives me goosebumps to remember those great days. What a shame that today’s generation of kids is being denied the same opportunity. Local government is to blame. Politicians are (8) ___________ small venues out of business by making them meet strict legal guidelines. Some venues are (9) ___________ a fortune on fire precautions and emergency exits, while others are closing. Disappointingly, few people are (10) ___________ about the closure of so many venues, but I think it’s time more of us did. (9) ________

VOCABULARY Task 2 Complete the text with the words from the word list. There are two extra words which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). WORD LIST:  acting closing exhibiting exposing participating performing protesting regulating soothing spending(x3) waking I’ve always been a big fan of small live venues so when I heard that a historical venue near my home was (0) closing down, I decided it was time to take action. There are still plenty of arty art galleries in my city (1) ___________ boring artwork, or trendy jazz bars playing dull, barely audible music – (2) ___________ after a day at work, I guess, but who wants to relax?! Shockingly though, there simply aren’t many venues for new, lively rock and indy bands. In this digital age, it’s easy to forget how essential such places are for new bands. In my youth, I remember (3) ___________ with my pretty talentless band in some great (if slightly run-down) venues in my home city of Sheffield, (4) ___________ hours setting up our kit, and (5) ___________ in endless rows about which songs to play and in which order. On one occasion, the stage we were on fell apart, (6) ___________ all the plumbing and electrical wires beneath, and nearly breaking the ankle of our lead singer. (7) ___________ all our free time doing gigs was fantastic – it gives me goosebumps to remember those great days. What a shame that today’s generation of kids is being denied the same opportunity. Local government is to blame. Politicians are (8) ___________ small venues out of business by making them meet strict legal guidelines. Some venues are (9) ___________ a fortune on fire precautions and emergency exits, while others are closing. Disappointingly, few people are (10) ___________ about the closure of so many venues, but I think it’s time more of us did. (10) ________

VOCABULARY Task 2 Complete the text with the words from the word list. There are two extra words which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). WORD LIST:  acting closing exhibiting exposing participating performing protesting regulating soothing spending(x3) waking I’ve always been a big fan of small live venues so when I heard that a historical venue near my home was (0) closing down, I decided it was time to take action. There are still plenty of arty art galleries in my city (1) ___________ boring artwork, or trendy jazz bars playing dull, barely audible music – (2) ___________ after a day at work, I guess, but who wants to relax?! Shockingly though, there simply aren’t many venues for new, lively rock and indy bands. In this digital age, it’s easy to forget how essential such places are for new bands. In my youth, I remember (3) ___________ with my pretty talentless band in some great (if slightly run-down) venues in my home city of Sheffield, (4) ___________ hours setting up our kit, and (5) ___________ in endless rows about which songs to play and in which order. On one occasion, the stage we were on fell apart, (6) ___________ all the plumbing and electrical wires beneath, and nearly breaking the ankle of our lead singer. (7) ___________ all our free time doing gigs was fantastic – it gives me goosebumps to remember those great days. What a shame that today’s generation of kids is being denied the same opportunity. Local government is to blame. Politicians are (8) ___________ small venues out of business by making them meet strict legal guidelines. Some venues are (9) ___________ a fortune on fire precautions and emergency exits, while others are closing. Disappointingly, few people are (10) ___________ about the closure of so many venues, but I think it’s time more of us did. (3) ________

8  What memories has Lonni Sue completely lost?

• Memories of things that had happened

• Memories of all the people she had known

• Memories of how to do particular things

VOCABULARY Task 2 Complete the text with the words from the word list. There are two extra words which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). WORD LIST:  acting closing exhibiting exposing participating performing protesting regulating soothing spending(x3) waking I’ve always been a big fan of small live venues so when I heard that a historical venue near my home was (0) closing down, I decided it was time to take action. There are still plenty of arty art galleries in my city (1) ___________ boring artwork, or trendy jazz bars playing dull, barely audible music – (2) ___________ after a day at work, I guess, but who wants to relax?! Shockingly though, there simply aren’t many venues for new, lively rock and indy bands. In this digital age, it’s easy to forget how essential such places are for new bands. In my youth, I remember (3) ___________ with my pretty talentless band in some great (if slightly run-down) venues in my home city of Sheffield, (4) ___________ hours setting up our kit, and (5) ___________ in endless rows about which songs to play and in which order. On one occasion, the stage we were on fell apart, (6) ___________ all the plumbing and electrical wires beneath, and nearly breaking the ankle of our lead singer. (7) ___________ all our free time doing gigs was fantastic – it gives me goosebumps to remember those great days. What a shame that today’s generation of kids is being denied the same opportunity. Local government is to blame. Politicians are (8) ___________ small venues out of business by making them meet strict legal guidelines. Some venues are (9) ___________ a fortune on fire precautions and emergency exits, while others are closing. Disappointingly, few people are (10) ___________ about the closure of so many venues, but I think it’s time more of us did. (2) ________

4  What happened to Lonni Sue right after she got ill?

• She was looked after at a neighbour’s house.

•  She was examined by doctors.

• She went to her farm to recover.

VOCABULARY Task 2 Complete the text with the words from the word list. There are two extra words which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). WORD LIST:  acting closing exhibiting exposing participating performing protesting regulating soothing spending(x3) waking I’ve always been a big fan of small live venues so when I heard that a historical venue near my home was (0) closing down, I decided it was time to take action. There are still plenty of arty art galleries in my city (1) ___________ boring artwork, or trendy jazz bars playing dull, barely audible music – (2) ___________ after a day at work, I guess, but who wants to relax?! Shockingly though, there simply aren’t many venues for new, lively rock and indy bands. In this digital age, it’s easy to forget how essential such places are for new bands. In my youth, I remember (3) ___________ with my pretty talentless band in some great (if slightly run-down) venues in my home city of Sheffield, (4) ___________ hours setting up our kit, and (5) ___________ in endless rows about which songs to play and in which order. On one occasion, the stage we were on fell apart, (6) ___________ all the plumbing and electrical wires beneath, and nearly breaking the ankle of our lead singer. (7) ___________ all our free time doing gigs was fantastic – it gives me goosebumps to remember those great days. What a shame that today’s generation of kids is being denied the same opportunity. Local government is to blame. Politicians are (8) ___________ small venues out of business by making them meet strict legal guidelines. Some venues are (9) ___________ a fortune on fire precautions and emergency exits, while others are closing. Disappointingly, few people are (10) ___________ about the closure of so many venues, but I think it’s time more of us did. (1) ________

GRAMMAR Task 1 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). A decade ago, a decision was made to redesign (0) much of the National Museum. To do this, (1) ___ museums would have closed down completely, but (2) ___ trustees of the National Museum didn’t want to follow such a course of action. Closing the (3) ___ museum would have cost a huge (4) ___ of money in ticket sales. Consequently, an alternative solution was needed. The museum asked a (5) ___ of leading architectural design companies to propose a solution. (6) ___ company was given the opportunity to submit their plans. Initially, (7) ___ company came up with a solution that met the museum’s demands. Eventually, however, two companies were shortlisted to do the work. (8) ___ had good ideas. One proposed closing down one wing at a time, while the other proposed carrying out work behind glass barriers to protect the public from any debris. (9) ___ option seemed viable. In the end, the museum chose the latter idea, hoping that by keeping (10) ___ gallery in the museum open during the entire refurbishment they would keep their customers happy. (9) ____________

• A little

• A few

• All

• Either

7  According to Marion, Lonni Sue couldn’t remember

• How her father had died.

• Who her father was.

• Whether her father was alive.

GRAMMAR Task 1 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). A decade ago, a decision was made to redesign (0) much of the National Museum. To do this, (1) ___ museums would have closed down completely, but (2) ___ trustees of the National Museum didn’t want to follow such a course of action. Closing the (3) ___ museum would have cost a huge (4) ___ of money in ticket sales. Consequently, an alternative solution was needed. The museum asked a (5) ___ of leading architectural design companies to propose a solution. (6) ___ company was given the opportunity to submit their plans. Initially, (7) ___ company came up with a solution that met the museum’s demands. Eventually, however, two companies were shortlisted to do the work. (8) ___ had good ideas. One proposed closing down one wing at a time, while the other proposed carrying out work behind glass barriers to protect the public from any debris. (9) ___ option seemed viable. In the end, the museum chose the latter idea, hoping that by keeping (10) ___ gallery in the museum open during the entire refurbishment they would keep their customers happy. (2) ____________

• Almost no

• Enough

• A lack of

• Several

GRAMMAR Task 1 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). A decade ago, a decision was made to redesign (0) much of the National Museum. To do this, (1) ___ museums would have closed down completely, but (2) ___ trustees of the National Museum didn’t want to follow such a course of action. Closing the (3) ___ museum would have cost a huge (4) ___ of money in ticket sales. Consequently, an alternative solution was needed. The museum asked a (5) ___ of leading architectural design companies to propose a solution. (6) ___ company was given the opportunity to submit their plans. Initially, (7) ___ company came up with a solution that met the museum’s demands. Eventually, however, two companies were shortlisted to do the work. (8) ___ had good ideas. One proposed closing down one wing at a time, while the other proposed carrying out work behind glass barriers to protect the public from any debris. (9) ___ option seemed viable. In the end, the museum chose the latter idea, hoping that by keeping (10) ___ gallery in the museum open during the entire refurbishment they would keep their customers happy. (7) ____________

• Any

• No

• Hardly any

• None

LISTENING   You will hear an interview with a journalist called Marion Clark, who’s talking about an artist’s memory loss and the new discoveries made about the brain. For questions (1–10), choose the best answer (A, B or C), mark it in your notepad. There is an example at the beginning (0). 0  The presenter’s aim today is to A speak to Marion Clark about her new book. B talk about a number of interesting books. C discuss fictional works on memory loss. 1  What does Marion say she has been reading this week?

• A scientific book by an American author

• A fiction story about memory loss

•  various titles that study how memory works

5  What does Marion say about viral encephalitis?

•  It’s a disease that affects a specific part of the brain.

• A large number of patients with this disease have memory problems

• It’s a rare disease with small chances of recovery.

GRAMMAR Task 1 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). A decade ago, a decision was made to redesign (0) much of the National Museum. To do this, (1) ___ museums would have closed down completely, but (2) ___ trustees of the National Museum didn’t want to follow such a course of action. Closing the (3) ___ museum would have cost a huge (4) ___ of money in ticket sales. Consequently, an alternative solution was needed. The museum asked a (5) ___ of leading architectural design companies to propose a solution. (6) ___ company was given the opportunity to submit their plans. Initially, (7) ___ company came up with a solution that met the museum’s demands. Eventually, however, two companies were shortlisted to do the work. (8) ___ had good ideas. One proposed closing down one wing at a time, while the other proposed carrying out work behind glass barriers to protect the public from any debris. (9) ___ option seemed viable. In the end, the museum chose the latter idea, hoping that by keeping (10) ___ gallery in the museum open during the entire refurbishment they would keep their customers happy. (4) ____________

• Number

• Loads

• Amount

• Plenty

GRAMMAR Task 1 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). A decade ago, a decision was made to redesign (0) much of the National Museum. To do this, (1) ___ museums would have closed down completely, but (2) ___ trustees of the National Museum didn’t want to follow such a course of action. Closing the (3) ___ museum would have cost a huge (4) ___ of money in ticket sales. Consequently, an alternative solution was needed. The museum asked a (5) ___ of leading architectural design companies to propose a solution. (6) ___ company was given the opportunity to submit their plans. Initially, (7) ___ company came up with a solution that met the museum’s demands. Eventually, however, two companies were shortlisted to do the work. (8) ___ had good ideas. One proposed closing down one wing at a time, while the other proposed carrying out work behind glass barriers to protect the public from any debris. (9) ___ option seemed viable. In the end, the museum chose the latter idea, hoping that by keeping (10) ___ gallery in the museum open during the entire refurbishment they would keep their customers happy. (8) ____________

• Both

• Every

• Either

• Some

3  I never give money to ________ in the street even if they put on a good show. BUSK

GRAMMAR Task 1 Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). A decade ago, a decision was made to redesign (0) much of the National Museum. To do this, (1) ___ museums would have closed down completely, but (2) ___ trustees of the National Museum didn’t want to follow such a course of action. Closing the (3) ___ museum would have cost a huge (4) ___ of money in ticket sales. Consequently, an alternative solution was needed. The museum asked a (5) ___ of leading architectural design companies to propose a solution. (6) ___ company was given the opportunity to submit their plans. Initially, (7) ___ company came up with a solution that met the museum’s demands. Eventually, however, two companies were shortlisted to do the work. (8) ___ had good ideas. One proposed closing down one wing at a time, while the other proposed carrying out work behind glass barriers to protect the public from any debris. (9) ___ option seemed viable. In the end, the museum chose the latter idea, hoping that by keeping (10) ___ gallery in the museum open during the entire refurbishment they would keep their customers happy. (5) ____________

• Few

• Several

• Certain

• Number

VOCABULARY Task 2 Complete the text with the words from the word list. There are two extra words which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). WORD LIST:  acting closing exhibiting exposing participating performing protesting regulating soothing spending(x3) waking I’ve always been a big fan of small live venues so when I heard that a historical venue near my home was (0) closing down, I decided it was time to take action. There are still plenty of arty art galleries in my city (1) ___________ boring artwork, or trendy jazz bars playing dull, barely audible music – (2) ___________ after a day at work, I guess, but who wants to relax?! Shockingly though, there simply aren’t many venues for new, lively rock and indy bands. In this digital age, it’s easy to forget how essential such places are for new bands. In my youth, I remember (3) ___________ with my pretty talentless band in some great (if slightly run-down) venues in my home city of Sheffield, (4) ___________ hours setting up our kit, and (5) ___________ in endless rows about which songs to play and in which order. On one occasion, the stage we were on fell apart, (6) ___________ all the plumbing and electrical wires beneath, and nearly breaking the ankle of our lead singer. (7) ___________ all our free time doing gigs was fantastic – it gives me goosebumps to remember those great days. What a shame that today’s generation of kids is being denied the same opportunity. Local government is to blame. Politicians are (8) ___________ small venues out of business by making them meet strict legal guidelines. Some venues are (9) ___________ a fortune on fire precautions and emergency exits, while others are closing. Disappointingly, few people are (10) ___________ about the closure of so many venues, but I think it’s time more of us did. (6) ________

5  Just about everybody there agreed that the performance was brilliant. MOST ________ that the performance was brilliant.

2  It was one of the best ________ by a teenager I have seen in a long time. PERFORM

VOCABULARY Task 2 Complete the text with the words from the word list. There are two extra words which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). WORD LIST:  acting closing exhibiting exposing participating performing protesting regulating soothing spending(x3) waking I’ve always been a big fan of small live venues so when I heard that a historical venue near my home was (0) closing down, I decided it was time to take action. There are still plenty of arty art galleries in my city (1) ___________ boring artwork, or trendy jazz bars playing dull, barely audible music – (2) ___________ after a day at work, I guess, but who wants to relax?! Shockingly though, there simply aren’t many venues for new, lively rock and indy bands. In this digital age, it’s easy to forget how essential such places are for new bands. In my youth, I remember (3) ___________ with my pretty talentless band in some great (if slightly run-down) venues in my home city of Sheffield, (4) ___________ hours setting up our kit, and (5) ___________ in endless rows about which songs to play and in which order. On one occasion, the stage we were on fell apart, (6) ___________ all the plumbing and electrical wires beneath, and nearly breaking the ankle of our lead singer. (7) ___________ all our free time doing gigs was fantastic – it gives me goosebumps to remember those great days. What a shame that today’s generation of kids is being denied the same opportunity. Local government is to blame. Politicians are (8) ___________ small venues out of business by making them meet strict legal guidelines. Some venues are (9) ___________ a fortune on fire precautions and emergency exits, while others are closing. Disappointingly, few people are (10) ___________ about the closure of so many venues, but I think it’s time more of us did. (5) ________

7  All the artists are really talented, which is why the exhibition is amazing. EACH ________ really talented, which is why the exhibition is amazing.

8  Hardly any cinemas showed the art film. ALMOST ________ showed the art film.

10  No performances will take place during the holiday break. BE There ________ performances during the holiday break.

VOCABULARY Task 2 Complete the text with the words from the word list. There are two extra words which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). WORD LIST:  acting closing exhibiting exposing participating performing protesting regulating soothing spending(x3) waking I’ve always been a big fan of small live venues so when I heard that a historical venue near my home was (0) closing down, I decided it was time to take action. There are still plenty of arty art galleries in my city (1) ___________ boring artwork, or trendy jazz bars playing dull, barely audible music – (2) ___________ after a day at work, I guess, but who wants to relax?! Shockingly though, there simply aren’t many venues for new, lively rock and indy bands. In this digital age, it’s easy to forget how essential such places are for new bands. In my youth, I remember (3) ___________ with my pretty talentless band in some great (if slightly run-down) venues in my home city of Sheffield, (4) ___________ hours setting up our kit, and (5) ___________ in endless rows about which songs to play and in which order. On one occasion, the stage we were on fell apart, (6) ___________ all the plumbing and electrical wires beneath, and nearly breaking the ankle of our lead singer. (7) ___________ all our free time doing gigs was fantastic – it gives me goosebumps to remember those great days. What a shame that today’s generation of kids is being denied the same opportunity. Local government is to blame. Politicians are (8) ___________ small venues out of business by making them meet strict legal guidelines. Some venues are (9) ___________ a fortune on fire precautions and emergency exits, while others are closing. Disappointingly, few people are (10) ___________ about the closure of so many venues, but I think it’s time more of us did. (8) ________

6  Several people in the audience left early. NUMBER ________ in the audience left early.

GRAMMAR Task 2 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and four words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). 0  There aren’t any people in the museum at this time of night. NO There are no people in the museum at this time of night. 1  All the visitors were searched before entering the gallery. EVERY ________ before entering the gallery.

2  Both artists were absent from the awards ceremony. NEITHER ________ present at the awards ceremony.

9  All the paintings in the collection were cleaned. WHOLE ________ cleaned – that’s every single painting.