Grade Of Metamorphic Rock Questions

Remains or traces of organisms preserved in rock are called fossils. Fossils provide valuable evidence of past life forms and can help scientists understand the history of life on Earth. They can include the preserved bones, teeth, shells, imprints, or even tracks of ancient organisms. Fossils can provide insights into the evolution, behavior, and environment of extinct species, as well as help determine the age of rocks and the sequence of events in Earth's history.

The answer is Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic. These three groups of rocks are classified based on their formation processes and characteristics. Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of molten magma or lava. Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and compaction of sediments over time. Metamorphic rocks are formed from the transformation of existing rocks under high pressure and temperature conditions. The other options mentioned in the list, such as Basalt, Castic, Crystalized, Intrusive, and Magma Based, are specific types or characteristics associated with the three main groups of rocks.

The correct answer is C. Stratification. Stratification refers to the layering of sediment or rocks based on their size or density, and is not a sediment transporting agent. Stream water, windstorm, and glacial ice are all examples of agents that can transport sediment. Stream water can carry sediment downstream, windstorms can pick up and transport sand and dust particles, and glacial ice can transport rocks and sediment as it moves.

Igneous rocks are classified based upon their texture and mineralogy. Texture refers to the size, shape, and arrangement of the mineral grains within the rock, while mineralogy refers to the types of minerals present in the rock. By examining the texture and mineralogy, geologists can determine the origin and formation conditions of the igneous rock.

Magma emplacement is not a sedimentary structure because it refers to the process of magma (molten rock) being injected into the Earth's crust and solidifying to form igneous rocks. Sedimentary structures, on the other hand, are features that are formed within sedimentary rocks through various processes such as deposition, erosion, and compaction. Examples of sedimentary structures include mud cracks, cross-beds, and ripple marks.

Coal is formed in a swamp depositional environment. Swamps are wetland areas with high vegetation growth and stagnant water, providing ideal conditions for the accumulation of organic material. Over time, layers of dead plants and organic matter build up and become compacted, eventually forming coal.

The correct answer is C. The type of plant that grew near a river. The composition of sediment in a clastic rock is primarily determined by the source rock composition, as this is the material that is weathered and eroded to form the sediment. The transport agent, such as water or wind, also plays a role in determining the size and shape of the sediment particles. The source rock crystals may also contribute to the composition of the sediment. However, the type of plant that grew near a river does not directly influence the composition of the sediment in a clastic rock.

Heating and cooling can cause the formation of igneous rock. Igneous rocks are formed when molten material, such as magma or lava, cools and solidifies. This process of cooling and solidification can occur either beneath the Earth's surface, resulting in intrusive igneous rocks, or on the surface, resulting in extrusive igneous rocks. Therefore, the correct answer is A.

Glacial meltwater is not a metamorphic agent. Metamorphic agents are factors or processes that cause rocks to undergo metamorphism, which is the transformation of existing rocks into new types of rocks due to changes in temperature, pressure, or chemical composition. Heat, pressure, and hot water are all examples of metamorphic agents as they can cause changes in the minerals and textures of rocks. However, glacial meltwater, which is water that comes from melting glaciers, does not have the ability to cause metamorphism in rocks.

The increase in temperature with depth in the Earth is called the geothermal gradient.

The size of crystals in igneous rocks is determined by the rate at which the melted rock cools. When molten rock cools slowly, the atoms have more time to arrange themselves into larger, well-formed crystals. On the other hand, rapid cooling results in smaller crystals or even a glassy texture. Therefore, the rate of cooling plays a crucial role in determining the crystal size in igneous rocks.

At depths of about 50 to 200 km below Earth's surface, the pressure and temperature cause rocks to melt.

A lahar is not an intrusive igneous body. A lahar is a type of volcanic mudflow or debris flow that occurs when water-saturated volcanic ash and rock fragments are mobilized by a volcanic eruption. It is a surface feature and not a body of igneous rock that intrudes into pre-existing rocks.

When rocks grind and squeeze past each other, dynamic metamorphism can occur. Dynamic metamorphism, also known as cataclastic metamorphism, happens when rocks are subjected to intense pressure and mechanical stress due to tectonic forces. This process causes the rocks to deform and recrystallize, resulting in the formation of new minerals and textures. Dynamic metamorphism is commonly associated with fault zones and shear zones, where rocks experience significant deformation and movement.