A Quiz On The Structure Of Flowering Plants

Explanation
Tap and fibrous are the main types of roots. The tap root system consists of a large, central root that grows vertically into the ground, while the fibrous root system consists of many small, branching roots that spread out horizontally. These two types of roots serve different purposes in plants. The tap root system provides stability and anchorage to the plant, allowing it to withstand strong winds and support the weight of the plant. The fibrous root system, on the other hand, helps in absorbing water and nutrients from the soil.

Explanation
Roots are responsible for anchoring the plant in the ground, absorbing water and nutrients from the soil, and storing food for the plant. Anchorage helps the plant to stay upright and stable, while absorption allows the plant to take in essential elements needed for growth. Food storage in roots is important for plants to store excess nutrients and energy for future use. Stems, leaves, and flowers also have important functions in plants, but they do not perform all three of these functions.

Explanation
Protection, cell division, elongation, and differentiation are zones in a root. These zones are responsible for different functions in the growth and development of the root. The protection zone is the outermost layer that provides a barrier against pathogens and physical damage. The cell division zone is where new cells are constantly being produced, allowing for root growth. The elongation zone is where the newly formed cells elongate and push the root deeper into the soil. Finally, the differentiation zone is where the cells specialize into different types, such as xylem and phloem, to perform specific functions in the root.

Explanation
The stem of a plant performs various functions such as supporting the plant's structure, transporting water, nutrients, and sugars between the roots and leaves, facilitating photosynthesis by holding the leaves in a position to capture sunlight, allowing gas exchange through small openings called stomata, and storing food reserves. While roots primarily anchor the plant and absorb water and nutrients, leaves are primarily responsible for photosynthesis, and flowers are involved in reproduction, the stem plays a vital role in multiple essential plant processes.

Explanation
Sepals are the outermost part of a flower and their main function is to protect the developing flower bud. They enclose and provide support to the flower bud, shielding it from damage, pathogens, and harsh environmental conditions. Sepals also help in regulating the opening of the flower bud and play a role in attracting pollinators. Therefore, the function of sepals is to protect a developing flower.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Reticulate and parallel". Venation refers to the arrangement of veins in a leaf. Reticulate venation is characterized by a network of veins spreading across the leaf surface, forming a pattern similar to a net. Parallel venation, on the other hand, is when the veins run parallel to each other from the base to the tip of the leaf. Therefore, the two types of venation in leaves are reticulate and parallel.

Explanation
Centrioles are not a basic part of flowering plants. Centrioles are structures found in animal cells that play a role in cell division, while flowering plants do not possess centrioles. Instead, flowering plants have other essential parts such as petals, sepals, and stamens, which are involved in reproduction and attracting pollinators.

Explanation
The pistil is the female reproductive part of a flower, consisting of the stigma, style, and ovary. It is responsible for receiving pollen and fertilizing the ovules to produce seeds. The stamen, on the other hand, is the male reproductive part of the flower, which produces pollen. The sepal is a leaf-like structure that protects the flower bud. Therefore, the correct answer is Pistil as it is specifically associated with the female part of a flower.

Explanation
The pistil is the female reproductive organ of a flower, and it consists of three main parts: the stigma, style, and ovary. The stigma is the sticky structure at the top of the pistil, where pollen is deposited. The style is a slender tube that connects the stigma to the ovary. The ovary is the enlarged basal part of the pistil, which contains the ovules and eventually develops into a fruit. Therefore, all three parts, stigma, style, and ovary, are contained within the pistil.

Explanation
Stomata are small openings on the surface of plant leaves and stems that allow for the exchange of gases. They play a crucial role in photosynthesis by allowing carbon dioxide to enter the plant and oxygen to exit. Stomata also help regulate water loss in plants through the process of transpiration. They open and close in response to environmental factors such as light, temperature, and humidity. Therefore, the purpose of stomata is to facilitate gas exchange and regulate water balance in plants.