How Much Do You Know About Types Of Rocks?

2.

A particle of mineral or other rock that gives a rock its texture.

Grains
Humus
Silica
Sediment
Abrasion

Correct Answer

A. Grains

Explanation

Grains are small particles of mineral or rock that contribute to the texture of a rock. They can vary in size and shape, and their arrangement determines the overall texture of the rock. The presence of different types of grains can also indicate the composition and origin of the rock. Therefore, grains play a significant role in defining the characteristics and properties of a rock.

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3.

A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface.

Sedimentary
Loam
Metamorphic
Clastic rocks
Igneous

Correct Answer

A. Igneous

Explanation

Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. This process can occur either below the surface (intrusive igneous rocks) or on the surface (extrusive igneous rocks). The cooling of molten rock results in the formation of igneous rocks, making them the correct answer. Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and lithification of sediments, while metamorphic rocks are formed from the alteration of existing rocks due to high temperature and pressure. Loam and clastic rocks are not types of rocks, but rather terms used to describe soil texture and sedimentary rocks, respectively.

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4.

A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together.

Soil
Sedimentary
Organic rocks
Compaction
Igneous

Correct Answer

A. Sedimentary

Explanation

Sedimentary rocks are formed when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together. This process is known as compaction, where the particles are squeezed together and the spaces between them are reduced. Over time, these particles become solidified and form sedimentary rocks. Soil is not correct because it is a mixture of minerals, organic matter, and other materials, but it is not necessarily formed through the process of compaction and cementation. Organic rocks are also incorrect because they are formed from the accumulation of organic material, such as shells or plant remains, but they do not necessarily involve the process of compaction. Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of molten material and do not involve the process of compaction and cementation.

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5.

A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions.

Chemical weathering
Chemical rocks
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
Cementation

Correct Answer

A. Metamorphic

Explanation

Metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rocks that undergo changes due to heat, pressure, or chemical reactions. These changes occur deep within the Earth's crust, causing the minerals in the rock to recrystallize and form new textures and structures. This process can result in the formation of various types of metamorphic rocks such as slate, marble, and gneiss. Unlike sedimentary rocks that are formed from the accumulation and cementation of sediments, metamorphic rocks are formed through the transformation of pre-existing rocks. Therefore, the correct answer is metamorphic.

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6.

Small, solid particles of material from rocks or organisms which are moved by water or wind, resulting in erosion and deposition.

Grains
Sediment
Decomposers
Erosion
Weathering

Correct Answer

A. Sediment

Explanation

Sediment refers to small, solid particles of material that are carried by water or wind, causing erosion and deposition. These particles can come from rocks or organisms and are moved from one place to another. Sediment plays a crucial role in shaping landscapes and can be found in various environments such as rivers, beaches, and deserts. It is an essential component in understanding geological processes and studying Earth's history.

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7.

The chemical and physical processes that break down rock at Earth’s surface.

Weathering
Ice wedging
Abrasion
Erosion
Decomposers

Correct Answer

A. Weathering

Explanation

Weathering refers to the chemical and physical processes that break down rock at Earth's surface. It includes processes such as the action of water, wind, and temperature changes, which cause rocks to break apart and disintegrate over time. Weathering is an important part of the rock cycle and plays a key role in shaping the Earth's surface. It can occur through various mechanisms, including mechanical weathering (such as ice wedging and abrasion) and chemical weathering (such as the action of acids and oxidation).

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8.

The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves fragments of rock and soil.

Litter
Compaction
Chemical weathering
Erosion
Grains

Correct Answer

A. Erosion

Explanation

Erosion is the process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves fragments of rock and soil. It involves the wearing away and transportation of these particles from one place to another. This can occur through the force of flowing water, the movement of ice, the blowing of wind, or the pull of gravity. Erosion plays a key role in shaping the Earth's surface over time, as it can create valleys, canyons, and other landforms.

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9.

The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind that is carrying it, and is deposited in a new location.

Deposition
Extrusive rock
Sedimentary
Mechanical weathering
Soil

Correct Answer

A. Deposition

Explanation

Deposition refers to the process of sediment settling out of the water or wind that is carrying it and being deposited in a new location. This process occurs when the energy of the water or wind decreases, causing the sediment particles to settle and accumulate. Deposition is an important geological process that contributes to the formation of sedimentary rocks and the creation of various landforms such as deltas, beaches, and dunes. It plays a crucial role in shaping the Earth's surface and is influenced by factors such as the size and weight of the sediment particles, the velocity of the transporting medium, and the presence of obstacles.

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10.

The process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight.

Organic rocks
Soil horizon
Permeable
Cementation
Compaction

Correct Answer

A. Compaction

Explanation

Compaction is the process in which sediments are compressed and squeezed together under their own weight. This occurs over time as layers of sediment accumulate and the weight of the overlying material causes the lower layers to become more tightly packed. Compaction is an important step in the formation of sedimentary rocks, as it helps to increase the density and strength of the sediments. This process removes air and water from the spaces between the particles, resulting in a more solid and cohesive material.

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11.

The process by which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together into one mass.

Mass movement
Loam
Cementation
Sedimentary
Extrusive rock

Correct Answer

A. Cementation

Explanation

Cementation is the process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and bind particles of sediment together into a solid mass. This process plays a crucial role in the formation of sedimentary rocks, as it helps to create a cohesive structure by filling in the spaces between sediment particles. Through cementation, the sediment becomes compacted and hardened, resulting in the formation of a solid rock.

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12.

Sedimentary rock that forms when rock fragments are squeezed together under high pressure.

Chemical rocks
Abrasion
Organic rocks
Permeable
Clastic rocks

Correct Answer

A. Clastic rocks

Explanation

Clastic rocks are formed when rock fragments are compressed together under high pressure. This process occurs due to the accumulation of sediment, such as sand, silt, and clay, which is then compacted and cemented together. The pressure from the overlying layers of sediment causes the rock fragments to bind together, resulting in the formation of clastic rocks. These rocks are composed of various sizes and types of rock fragments, making them distinct from chemical or organic rocks.

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How Much Do You Know About Types Of Rocks?

The size, shape, and pattern of a rock’s grains.

Quiz Preview

A particle of mineral or other rock that gives a rock its texture.

A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface.

A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together.

A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions.

Small, solid particles of material from rocks or organisms which are moved by water or wind, resulting in erosion and deposition.

The chemical and physical processes that break down rock at Earth’s surface.

The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves fragments of rock and soil.

The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind that is carrying it, and is deposited in a new location.

The process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight.

The process by which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together into one mass.

Sedimentary rock that forms when rock fragments are squeezed together under high pressure.