Take Home Quiz Chapter 12
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- 1.A mnemonic is a:
- A.
Memory aid.
- B.
Number code.
- C.
Program icon.
- D.
Secret phrase.
- 2.A barcode is a:
- A.
Coded instruction needed to control computer hardware.
- B.
Confidential computer code that is required by the HIPAA
- C.
Series of bars and spaces representing numbers or letters.
- D.
Unique number given to each test request for ID purposes.
- 3.A pneumatic tube is a:
- A.
Pressurized air transportation system.
- B.
Temporary computer data storage unit.
- C.
Tube connection between two computers.
- D.
Type of collection tube for blood gases.
- 4.This is permanent computer memory that instructs the computer to carry out user-requested operations.
- A.
CPU
- B.
LIS
- C.
RAM
- D.
ROM
- 5.What is output?
- A.
Coded instruction used in computer processing
- B.
Information collected for analysis or computation
- C.
Processed information generated by the computer
- D.
Storage units for sharing information and resources
- 6.Which one of the following methods should never be used to prevent exposure to aerosols generated when the stopper is removed from a specimen tube?
- A.
Covering the stopper with a 4 X 4-inch gauze while removing it
- B.
Removing the stopper with the tube held behind a shield
- C.
Using a specially designed safety stopper removal device
- D.
Withdrawing the specimen through the stopper by syringe
- 7.Which one of the following describes proper aliquot preparation?
- A.
Immediately covering aliquot tubes after transferring the specimen
- B.
Labeling tubes after pipetting the sample into the aliquot tube
- C.
Pouring plasma from different additive tubes into one aliquot tube
- D.
Pouring samples into aliquot tubes instead of using transfer pipettes
- 8.This organization developes standards for specimen handling and processing.
- A.
CDC
- B.
CLIA
- C.
CLSI
- D.
FDA
- 9.Interlace means:
- A.
Checking quality control results on instrumentation.
- B.
Entering data into a laboratory information system.
- C.
Interaction through the connection of computers.
- D.
Standardizing all laboratory ordering and testing.
- 10.ESR determinations on specimens held at room temperature must be made within:
- A.
1 hour.
- B.
4 hours.
- C.
12 hours.
- D.
24 hours.
- 11.Which of the following is the best way to prepare routine blood specimen tubes for transportation to the lab?
- A.
Place the tubes in ice slurry.
- B.
Seal the tubes in plastic bags.
- C.
Wipe each tube with alcohol.
- D.
Wrap the tubes in the requisitions.
- 12.Which of the following specimens are least likely to require special handling?
- A.
Bilirubin and serum folate
- B.
Cholesterol and uric acid
- C.
Gastrin and lactic acid
- D.
Homocysteine and renin
- 13.This is an example of a preanalytical error made at the time of collection.
- A.
Delay in transporting
- B.
Failing to mix tubes
- C.
Incomplete requisition
- D.
Waiting to centrifuge
- 14.Transferring specimens into aliquot tubes has inherent risks. Which of the following involves the least amount of risk?
- A.
Aerosols created during transfer
- B.
Aliquot tubes that are prelabeled
- C.
Serum and plasma's similar color
- D.
Specimens that are biohazardous
- 15.This is a source of preanalytical error that occurs before specimen collection.
- A.
Dehydrated patient
- B.
Misidentified patient
- C.
Mislabeled ETS tube
- D.
Wrong collection time
- 16.HIPAA was enacted to:
- A.
Examine all patient healthcare records.
- B.
Protect HCW from malpractice issues.
- C.
Provide guidelines for sharing of PHI.
- D.
Standardize patient electronic records.
- 17.Special hand-held computer systems used in laboratory medicine are capable of:
- A.
Displaying what tubes to collect.
- B.
Generating labels for specimens.
- C.
Reading barcodes on ID bracelets.
- D.
All of the above
- 18.Critical values (test values that are considered life threatening) are also called:
- A.
Alarm values.
- B.
At-risk values.
- C.
Panic values.
- D.
Unstable values.
- 19.Which of the following would be a preanalytical error related to specimen storage
- A.
Exposure to light
- B.
Faulty technique
- C.
Inadequate fast
- D.
Underfilled tube
- 20.Which of the following would be a preanalytical error related to specimen transport?
- A.
Agitation-induced hemolysis
- B.
Contamination caused by dust
- C.
Incorrect collection tube
- D.
Strenuous, recent excercise
- 21.A USB drive is:
- A.
Network connection device.
- B.
Secondary storage device.
- C.
Terminal linking device.
- D.
Word processing device.
- 22.Cellular metabolism in specimens that have not been separated from the cells will affect which of the following analytes?
- A.
Amylase
- B.
Calcitonin
- C.
Hemoglobin
- D.
Triglycerides
- 23.Glycolysis by the cells in blood specimens can falsely lower glucode vlaues at a rate of up to:
- A.
50 mg/L per hour.
- B.
100 mg/L per hour.
- C.
200 mg/L per hour.
- D.
250 mg/L per hour.
- 24.Which of the following samples are time-sensitive?
- A.
Calcium collected in sodium heparin tubes
- B.
ESR determinations collected in EDTA tubes
- C.
PTT's that are stored at refrigerated temperature
- D.
All of the above
- 25.Which of the following temperatures is acceptable for a specimen that rquires transportation and handling at room temperature?
- A.
-20C
- B.
8C
- C.
25C
- D.
37C
- 26.Some blood specimens require cooling to:
- A.
Avoid hemolysis of RBC's.
- B.
Prevent premature clotting.
- C.
Promote serum separation.
- D.
Slow metabolic processes.
- 27.Which one of the following activities is least likely to take place in central processing or triage?
- A.
Accessioning or logging
- B.
Analysis and reporting
- C.
Evaluation for suitability
- D.
Sorting by department
- 28.It is unlikely that removing the stopper from a specimen will cause:
- A.
Contamination.
- B.
Evaporation.
- C.
Increase in pH.
- D.
Loss of iCa2+.
- 29.If a specimen has inadequate identification, the specimen processor may:
- A.
Add the missing information to the label.
- B.
Ask the phlebotomist to get a new sample.
- C.
Contact the patient for correct information.
- D.
Refer the tube to the laboratory supervisor.
- 30.Use of one of the newest technologies, RFID, is emerging in healthcare. RFID is a:
- A.
Method of specimen identification.
- B.
Mnemonic for a strong disinfectant.
- C.
Secret code for AIDS patient serum.
- D.
Test code for chemistry analyzers.
- 31.An example of a preanalytical error happening during specimen processing is:
- A.
Faulty collection technique
- B.
Inadequate centrifugation.
- C.
Insufficient specimen.
- D.
Patient stress and anxiety.
- 32.To be considered computer literate, an individual must be able to:
- A.
Explain how POCT instruments are connected to LIS.
- B.
Design programs for job-specific problems in your area.
- C.
Perform daily QA documentation in database software.
- D.
Understand the computer and the functions it performs.
- 33.This is a term for a gorup of computers linked togehter for the purpose of sharing information.
- A.
Junction
- B.
Network
- C.
Node unit
- D.
Terminal
- 34.Data can be entered or input into a computer from:
- A.
Applications.
- B.
Printers.
- C.
Scanners.
- D.
All of the above
- 35.Computer memory bytes are:
- A.
Handheld PC assistants.
- B.
Individual data characters.
- C.
Local area network systems.
- D.
Secondary storage drives.
- 36.Which of the following is a function of a computer monitor?
- A.
Instructs the computer to carry out user-requested operations
- B.
Manages the processing and completion of user-required tasks
- C.
Performs mathematical processes and comparisons of data
- D.
Provides visible display of all the information being processed
- 37.Random access memory (RAM):
- A.
Can be lost when the computer program is closed.
- B.
Includes data, software, hardware, and peripherals,.
- C.
Instructs the computer to carry out user operations.
- D.
Is permanent memory installed by manufacturers.
- 38.Which one of the following should be excluded from a list of computer peripherals?
- A.
Keyboard
- B.
Modem
- C.
Programs
- D.
Scanner
- 39.Systems software includes:
- A.
Coded instructions that control processing of data.
- B.
Programs from software companies sold as a unit.
- C.
The central processing unit and all hardware additions.
- D.
Word processing, spreadsheet, and graphic programs.
- 40.The laboratory has a computerized laboratory information system (US). Once an inpatient speciemn has been collected by a phlebotomist and returned to the laboritory, what occurs next?
- A.
A collection list is generated.
- B.
All lab test orders are retrieved.
- C.
Collection labels are printed.
- D.
Specimen collection is verified.
- 41.A computer terminal is a:
- A.
Keyboard and computer screen workstation.
- B.
Last computer in a series of matching terminals
- C.
Printer where information can be displayed.
- D.
Screen that visually displays data to the user.
- 42.Which of the following is a characteristic of an intranet?
- A.
Accumulates lab statistics for network workload
- B.
Connects computer networks within a company
- C.
Connects types of lab systems and multiple vendors
- D.
Links lab systems with networks outside the company
- 43.Which of the following would be described as logging on?
- A.
Accessing the Internet from a computer
- B.
Entering a password to access the LIS
- C.
Turning the computer terminal to "on"
- D.
Using menus to navigate the program
- 44.To process input data a computer user must:
- A.
Logoff the web
- B.
Move the cursor
- C.
Press the enter key
- D.
Select an icon
- 45.Computer verification of test orders is best described as a process that allows a user to:
- A.
Access the system to view the patient's diagnosis.
- B.
Confirm that the test was ordered by a physician.
- C.
Establish that the appropriate test was ordered.
- D.
Modify, delete, or accept test orders after review of data.
- 46.The "order inquiry" fuction allows the user to:
- A.
Check the physician's diagnosis.
- B.
Edit or delete duplicate test orders.
- C.
Find errors in patient identification.
- D.
Retrieve all test orders on a patient.
- 47.Which of the following is confidential nd unique to a single computer user?
- A.
Entry icon
- B.
ID code
- C.
LIS menus
- D.
Password
- 48.Typical functions an LIS can perform include:
- A.
Entering lab test results.
- B.
Ordering laboratory tests.
- C.
Printing specimen labels.
- D.
All of the above
- 49.What does the laboratory use to identify a specimen throughout the testing process?
- A.
Accession number
- B.
Hospital number
- C.
LIS menu icon
- D.
Mnemonic code
- 50.When using computer-generated specimen labels, what information must typically be added to the label after a specimen is collected?
- A.
Medical record number
- B.
Patient's complete name
- C.
Patient's date of birth
- D.
Phlebotomist's initials
- 51.A didirectional computer interface allows:
- A.
Computer RAM storage capacity to double in size.
- B.
Data to upload or download between two systems.
- C.
Information to go from two analyzers to LIS.
- D.
Two persons to use a computer at the same time.
- 52.A computer networking system created to share resources within a facility or organiation is also called a:
- A.
CPU.
- B.
LAN.
- C.
RAM.
- D.
ROM.
- 53.In computer language, "hard copy" is:
- A.
Data stored on disks or USB drives.
- B.
Information displayed on the CRT.
- C.
Lab results stored on the hard drive.
- D.
Processed data printed on paper.
- 54.The curent trend in laboratory testing includes:
- A.
Decrease barcode labeling systems.
- B.
Growth in conventional lab testing.
- C.
Less microchip technology.
- D.
POCT expansion capabilities.
- 55.In specimen handling it is very important to appreciate that:
- A.
Effects of mishandling the specimen are not always obvious
- B.
Improper specimen handling can be corrected if identified.
- C.
Most laboratory errors occur in the postanalytical phase.
- D.
Quality of results is unaffected by collection procedure.
- 56.Proper specimen handling begins:
- A.
As soon as the specimen is collected.
- B.
During the specimen collection procedures.
- C.
In the course of patient identification.
- D.
When the physician orders the test.
- 57.You are the only phlebotomist in an outpatient drawing station. A physican orders a test with which you are not familiar. What is the appropriate action to take?
- A.
Call the physician's office for assistance.
- B.
Draw both a serum and a plasma specimen.
- C.
Refer to the user manual for instructions.
- D.
Send the patient to another drawing station.
- 58.The number of tube inversions required during specimen collection depends on:
- A.
How difficult it is to collect the blood.
- B.
Manufacturer-recommended inversions.
- C.
The amount of blood in the evacuated tube.
- D.
Which needle gauge is used in collection.
- 59.Inadequate mixing of an anticoagulant tube can lead to:
- A.
Hemolysis of the specimen.
- B.
Lipemia of the specimen.
- C.
Microclots in the specimen.
- D.
The sample clotting too fast.
- 60.Which tube does not require mixing?
- A.
Clot activator
- B.
Gel separator
- C.
Liquid EDTA
- D.
Plain red top
- 61.Transporting blood specimens with the stopper up has nothing to do with:
- A.
Encouraging complete clot formation.
- B.
Maintaining the sterility of the sample,
- C.
Minimizing stopper-caused aerosols.
- D.
Reducing agitation-caused hemolysis.
- 62.Clinical and Laboratory Standards Instutute (CLSI) and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) guidelines do riot require specimen transport bags to have:
- A.
A visible biohazard logo.
- B.
Liquid-tight closure top.
- C.
Shock-resistance features.
- D.
Slip pockets for paperwork.
- 63.Which one of the following agencies has nothing to do with setting guidelines for specimens transported by courier and other air or ground mail systems?
- A.
DOT
- B.
FAA
- C.
FDA
- D.
OSHA
- 64.Which of the following specimens is unlikely to be rejected for analysis? A specimen for:
- A.
Electrolytes that is hemolyzed.
- B.
Fasting glucose that is lipemic.
- C.
Platelet count with microclots.
- D.
Total bilirubin that is icteric.
- 65.It is unnecessary to protect this specimen from light.
- A.
Ammonia
- B.
Bilirubin
- C.
Vitamin B12.
- D.
Vitamin C
- 66.Rough handling during transport is bad for specimens, but it will not:
- A.
Activate the platelets.
- B.
Affect coagulation tests.
- C.
Elevate WBC counts.
- D.
Hemolyze specimens.
- 67.Which specimen needs to be tarnsported on ice?
- A.
Ammonia
- B.
Bilirubin
- C.
Carotene
- D.
Potassium
- 68.The best way to chill a specimen is to:
- A.
Immerse it in a slurry of ice and water.
- B.
Put it in a small container of ice cubes.
- C.
Rubber band it to a large piece of ice.
- D.
Set it in a chilled metal carrying case.
- 69.Chilling can cause erroneous results for this analyte.
- A.
Ammonia
- B.
Glucagon
- C.
Lactic acid
- D.
Potassium
- 70.How should a cryofibrinogen specimen be transported?
- A.
At room temperature
- B.
Immersed in ice slurry
- C.
In a 37C heat block
- D.
Protected from light
- 71.The most propable reason a phlebotomist would wrap a specimen in aluminum foil would be to:
- A.
Cool down the specimen.
- B.
Cover a contaminated tube.
- C.
Maintain 37C temperature.
- D.
Protect it from light.
- 72.A specimen must be transported at or near normal body temperature. Which of the following temperatures meets this requirement?
- A.
25C
- B.
37C
- C.
50C
- D.
98C
- 73.According to CLSI, the maximum time limit for separating serum or plasma from cells is:
- A.
15 minutes from the time of collection.
- B.
30 minutes from the time of collection.
- C.
1.0 hour from the time of the collection
- D.
2.0 hours from the time of collection.
- 74.A separator gel prevents glycolysis:
- A.
After the specimen has been centrifuged.
- B.
As soon as the specimen is collected.
- C.
In tubes used for serum samples only.
- D.
When the specimen is thoroughly mixed.
- 75.A glucose specimen collected in sodium fluoride tube is generally stable at room temperatures for:
- A.
6 hours.
- B.
12 hours.
- C.
24 hours.
- D.
48 hours.
- 76.Which specimen has priority over all other specimens during processing and testing
- A.
ASAP
- B.
Fasting
- C.
STAT
- D.
Timed
- 77.Which of the following specimens does not need to be centrifuged?
- A.
BUN in a red/gray SST
- B.
CBC in a lavender tube
- C.
Potassium in a green tube
- D.
PTT in a light blue tube
- 78.Which of the following is not a valid reason for why blood slides made from EDTA specimens must be prepared within 1 hour of specimen collection? To:
- A.
Ensure they are made before clots appear.
- B.
Minimize RBC distortion on the smear.
- C.
Preserve the integrity of the blood cells.
- D.
Prevent artifact formation from additive.
- 79.Processing specimens requires various types of PPE, but this type is unnecessary:
- A.
Covers for footwear
- B.
Disposable gloves
- C.
Fluid-resistant apron
- D.
Protective goggles
- 80.This specimen would most likely be accepted for testing despite this problem.
- A.
Expired evacuated tube
- B.
Incomplete identification
- C.
Not initialed by the collector
- D.
Quantity is not sufficient
- 81.Which of the following actions will compromise the quality of the specimen?
- A.
Drawing a BUN in an amber serum tube
- B.
Mixing an SST by inverting it five times
- C.
Only partially filling a liquid EDTA tube
- D.
Transporting a cryofibrinogen at 37C
- 82.Results for this test should be normal despite a delay in processing longer than 2 hours.
- A.
Carbon dioxide
- B.
Fasting glucose
- C.
Ionized calcium
- D.
Pregnancy test
- 83.An aliquot is a:
- A.
Filter for separating serum from cells.
- B.
Portion of a specimen being tested.
- C.
Specimen being prepared for testing.
- D.
Tube used to balance the centrifuge.
- 84.Which specimen will be automatically rejected if the tube is not filled until the normal vacuum is exhausted?
- A.
Complete blood count
- B.
Plasma electrolytes
- C.
Postprandial glucose
- D.
Prothrombin time
- 85.Which of the following tests is unaffected by hemolysis?
- A.
Amylase
- B.
Hemoglobin
- C.
Magnesium
- D.
Potassium
- 86.Tests performed on plasma samples are:
- A.
Collected in red-/gray-top tubes.
- B.
Drawn in anticoagulant tubes.
- C.
Hemotology or serology tests.
- D.
Obtained from clotted blood.
- 87.Chemistry tests are often collected in heparin tubes to:
- A.
Ensure adequate coagulation.
- B.
Maximize diagnosis potential.
- C.
Minimize the effects of hemolysis.
- D.
Reduce the turnaround time.
- 88.It is important to note the type of heparin in a collection tube because:
- A.
A few types of heparin do not require tube inversions.
- B.
Not all types of heparin prevent complete coagulation.
- C.
Some types of heparin can affect results of certain tests.
- D.
Some types of heparin make centrifugation unnecessary.
- 89.To avoid airborne infection while processing specimens:
- A.
Apply the brake when stopping the centrifuge.
- B.
Cover tube stoppers with gauze to remove them.
- C.
"pop" tube stoppers when opening serum tubes.
- D.
Pour specimens directly into labeled aliquot tubes.
- 90.When a non-additive specimen is spun in a centrifuge, the substance that comes to the top is:
- A.
Huffy coat.
- B.
Plasma.
- C.
Red cells.
- D.
Serum.
- 91.If a serum specimen is not completely clotted before it is centrifuged, the:
- A.
Huffy coat may not form properly.
- B.
Red blood cells in it may hemolyze.
- C.
Separator gel may come to the top.
- D.
Serum may have a fibrin clot in it.
- 92.Which of the following collection circumstances is least likely to result in delayed clotting of a serum specimen?
- A.
Collection was difficult, hemolyzing red cells
- B.
Patient has an elevated white blood cell count
- C.
Patient is taking an anticoagulant medication
- D.
Specimen is chilled soon after being collected
- 93.Which of the following tests would be most affected if contaminated with a drop of perspiration?
- A.
BUN
- B.
Lactate
- C.
Lytes
- D.
SGOT
- 94.Stoppers should be left on tubes awaiting centrifugation to prevent:
- A.
Analyte
- B.
Contamination.
- C.
Decrease in pH.
- D.
All of the above
- 95.Minimum precentrifugation time for specimens drawn in serum separator tubes is:
- A.
10 minutes.
- B.
15 minutes.
- C.
20 minutes.
- D.
30 minutes.
- 96.Repeated centrifugation of a specimen can:
- A.
Alter the test results.
- B.
Deteriorate analytes.
- C.
Result in hemolysis
- D.
All of the above
- 97.Which statement describes proper centrifuge operation?
- A.
Balance specimens by placing tubes of equal volume and size opposite one another.
- B.
Centifuge serum specimens before they start to form clots on the sides of the tubes.
- C.
Never centrifuge serum specimens and plasma specimens in the same centrifuge.
- D.
Remove the stoppers from evacuated tubes before placing them in the centrifuge.
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