Network Technologies And Tools Quiz!

The Network Time Protocol (NTP) provides time synchronization services, so enabling NTP on servers would meet this use case. The Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) delivers audio and video over IP networks and Secure RTP (SRTP) provides encryption, message authentication, and integrity for RTP. Protocols such as Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), Post Office Protocol v3 (POP3), and Internet Message Access Protocol version 4 (IMAP4) are used for email. Encrypting data isn’t relevant to time synchronization services provided by NTP.

You can use Secure Shell (SSH) to encrypt Personally Identifiable Information (PII) data when transmitting it over the network (data-in-transit). Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) uses SSH to encrypt File Transfer Protocol (FTP) traffic. FTP, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) transmit data in cleartext unless they are combined with an encryption protocol.

You would create rules to block all incoming traffic from private IP addresses. The border router is between the internal network and the Internet and any traffic coming from the Internet with a private IP address is a spoofed source IP address. All outgoing traffic will typically use a private IP address, so you shouldn’t block this outgoing traffic. A flood guard on a switch protects against media access control (MAC) flood attacks and is unrelated to this question. A web application firewall protects a web application and is unrelated to antispoofing.

A distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) mitigator attempts to block DDoS attacks and should be placed at the border of the network, between the private network and the Internet. If the network includes a demilitarized zone (DMZ), the appliance should be placed at the border of the DMZ and the Internet. Placing it in the DMZ or the internal network doesn’t ensure it will block incoming traffic.

Iptables include settings used by the Linux Kernel firewall and can be used to replace a firewall. While it’s possible to implement iptables on a wireless access point (assuming it is Linux-based), iptables still function as a firewall, not a wireless access point. A Layer 2 switch routes traffic based on the destination media access control (MAC) address, but iptables focus on IP addresses. A network bridge connects multiple networks together.

A nontransparent proxy includes the ability to filter traffic based on the URL and is the best choice. A transparent proxy doesn’t modify or filter requests. A reverse proxy is used for incoming traffic to an internal firewall, not traffic going out of the network. Proxy servers are caching proxy servers, but won’t block outgoing traffic.

The most likely problem of the available choices is that an access control list (ACL) is configured incorrectly. The server is in a demilitarized zone (DMZ) and the most likely problem is an incorrectly configured ACL on the border firewall. The service is operating when accessed from internal clients, so it isn’t likely that it is the problem. Also, the server works for internal systems indicating it is working correctly. There isn’t any indication a virtual local area network (VLAN) is in use.

Simple Network Management Protocol version 3 (SNMPv3) is a secure protocol that can monitor and collect information from network devices. It includes strong authentication mechanisms to protect the confidentiality of credentials. None of the other protocols listed are used to monitor network devices. Secure Shell (SSH) provides a secure method of connecting to devices but does not monitor them. File Transfer Protocol Secure (FTPS) is useful for encrypting large files in transit, using Transport Layer Security (TLS). TLS is commonly used to secure transmissions but doesn’t include methods to monitor devices.

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and Rapid STP (RSTP) both prevent switching loop problems. It’s rare for a wiring error to take down a switch. However, if two ports on a switch are connected to each other, it creates a switching loop and effectively disables the switch. An intrusion detection system (IDS) will not prevent a switching loop. Layer 2 switches are susceptible to this problem. Administrators use Simple Network Management Protocol version 3 (SNMPv3) to manage and monitor devices, but it doesn’t prevent switching loops.

A demilitarized zone (DMZ) is a buffered zone between a private network and the Internet, and it will separate the web server’s web-facing traffic from the internal network. You can use a virtual local area network (VLAN) to group computers together based on job function or some other administrative need, but it is created on switches in the internal network. A firewall does provide protection for the web server, but doesn’t necessarily separate the web-facing traffic from the internal network. A web application firewall (WAF) protects a web server from incoming attacks, but it does not necessarily separate Internet and internal network traffic.

You would most likely configure the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) filter on the unified threat management (UTM) security appliance. This would block access to the peer-to-peer sites based on their URL. Content inspection and malware inspection focus on inspecting the data as it passes through the UTM, but they do not block access to sites. A distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) mitigator will attempt to block incoming DDoS attack traffic.

A stateful firewall filters traffic based on the state of the packet within a session. It would filter a packet that isn’t part of a TCP three-way handshake. A stateless firewall filters traffic based on the IP address, port, or protocol ID. While it’s appropriate to place a network firewall in a demilitarized zone (DMZ), a network firewall could be either a stateless firewall or a stateful firewall. An application-based firewall is typically only protecting a host, not a network.

The Secure Real-time Transport Protocol (SRTP) provides encryption, message authentication, and integrity for Voice over Internet Protocol(VoIP), video teleconferencing, and other streaming media applications. None of the other answers are directly related to VoIP or video teleconferencing. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) transfers email. The Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol is used to encrypt data-in-transit but isn’t the best choice for streaming media. Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) is a secure implementation of FTP to transfer files.

Rapid STP (RSTP) prevents switching loop problems and should be enabled on the switches to meet this need. A flood guard on a switch helps prevent a media access control (MAC) flood attack. Simple Network Management Protocol version 3 (SNMPv3) is used to manage and monitor network devices. The Secure Real-time Transport Protocol (SRTP) provides encryption, message authentication, and integrity for video and voice data.