Human Body- Stomach And Duodenum Quiz

1. A patient comes into your office with symptoms of Peptic Ulcers. The patient mentions that the pain is relieved during meals but that it gets worse about 3 hours after. You suspect that the ulcer is in which portion of the GI Tract?

Esophagus

Fundus of Stomach

Body of Stomach

Duodenum

Peptic Ulcers (Gastric or Duodenal)
• w/ gastric ulcers, pain is worse DURING a meal b/c sphincters are closed & acid is released
• w/ duodenal (pyloric) ulcers, pain tends to be RELIEVED during a meal as pyloric sphincter closes – pain is worse ~3 hours AFTER the meal
• Duodenal ulcers are more common than stomach ulcers & are usually in the superior portion – either anterior or posterior

Explanation

Peptic Ulcers (Gastric or Duodenal)
• w/ gastric ulcers, pain is worse DURING a meal b/c sphincters are closed & acid is released
• w/ duodenal (pyloric) ulcers, pain tends to be RELIEVED during a meal as pyloric sphincter closes – pain is worse ~3 hours AFTER the meal
• Duodenal ulcers are more common than stomach ulcers & are usually in the superior portion – either anterior or posterior

2. An infant with down syndrome comes into the ER with symptoms of vomiting and distended stomach. The vomit appears green. You order X-rays and upon examination, you point out the "Double Bubble." Which of the following are you referring too?

Pyloric Stenosis

Duodenal Atresia

Peptic Ulcers

Ruptured Spleen

Duodenal Atresia (Double Bubble)
• Atresia: a condition in which a body orifice or passage in the body is abnormally closed or absent
• Failure of recanalization of duodenum
• Results in polyhydraminos, distended stomach & bile-containing vomit
• Often seen in infants w/ Down Syndrome

Explanation

Duodenal Atresia (Double Bubble)
• Atresia: a condition in which a body orifice or passage in the body is abnormally closed or absent
• Failure of recanalization of duodenum
• Results in polyhydraminos, distended stomach & bile-containing vomit
• Often seen in infants w/ Down Syndrome

3. Which of the following is not a branch of the Celiac Trunk?

Right Gastric

Left Gastric

Splenic

Common Hepatic

The right gastric artery is not a branch of the celiac trunk. The celiac trunk is a major branch of the abdominal aorta and it gives rise to three branches: the left gastric artery, the splenic artery, and the common hepatic artery. The right gastric artery is actually a branch of the common hepatic artery, which itself is a branch of the celiac trunk. Therefore, it is not considered a branch of the celiac trunk.

Explanation

The right gastric artery is not a branch of the celiac trunk. The celiac trunk is a major branch of the abdominal aorta and it gives rise to three branches: the left gastric artery, the splenic artery, and the common hepatic artery. The right gastric artery is actually a branch of the common hepatic artery, which itself is a branch of the celiac trunk. Therefore, it is not considered a branch of the celiac trunk.

4. The right gastro-epiploic artery and left gastro-epiploic artery are branches of what arteries respectively?

Gastroduodenal A. and Splenic A.

Both Splenic A.

Gastroduodenal A. and Superior Mesenteric A.

Superior Pancreaticoduodenal A. and Superior Mesenteric A.

The right gastro-epiploic artery is a branch of the gastroduodenal artery, while the left gastro-epiploic artery is a branch of the splenic artery.

Explanation

The right gastro-epiploic artery is a branch of the gastroduodenal artery, while the left gastro-epiploic artery is a branch of the splenic artery.

5. A pregnant lady comes in for an ultrasound. You notice that the buds of the pancreas in the baby have not fully fused. Which part of the pancreas is not attached to the other 3 portions?

Head

Neck

Body

Tail

The head forms from the ventral head while the neck, body and tail form form the dorsal bud. If the buds do not fuse then the head is not attached to the other portions. This will result in an annular pancreas.

Explanation

The head forms from the ventral head while the neck, body and tail form form the dorsal bud. If the buds do not fuse then the head is not attached to the other portions. This will result in an annular pancreas.

6. What are the four layers of the GI Tract, superficial to deep?

Serosa, External Muscle, Submucosa, Mucosa

External Muscle, Serosa, Submucosa, Mucosa

Serosa, External Muscle, Mucosa, Submucosa

External Muscle, Serosa, Mucosa, Submucosa

The correct answer is Serosa, External Muscle, Submucosa, Mucosa. This is the correct order of the layers of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract from superficial to deep. The serosa is the outermost layer, followed by the external muscle layer, which is responsible for the movement of the GI tract. The submucosa is the layer beneath the external muscle and contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue. Finally, the mucosa is the innermost layer, which lines the lumen of the GI tract and is responsible for absorption and secretion.

Explanation

The correct answer is Serosa, External Muscle, Submucosa, Mucosa. This is the correct order of the layers of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract from superficial to deep. The serosa is the outermost layer, followed by the external muscle layer, which is responsible for the movement of the GI tract. The submucosa is the layer beneath the external muscle and contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue. Finally, the mucosa is the innermost layer, which lines the lumen of the GI tract and is responsible for absorption and secretion.

7. The Suspensory Muscle of the Duodenum (Ligament of Trietz) attaches to what part of the duodenum?

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

The Suspensory Muscle of the Duodenum (Ligament of Trietz) attaches to the 4th part of the duodenum.

Explanation

The Suspensory Muscle of the Duodenum (Ligament of Trietz) attaches to the 4th part of the duodenum.

8. A patient presents to you in the ER complaining of symptoms of Peptic Ulcers. After a quick ultrasound shows air in the the peritoneum. You suspect that the ulcer is in which portion of the GI Tract?

Anterior Duodenum

Posterior Duodenum

Body of Stomach

Fundus of Stomach

Duodenal ulcers are more common than stomach ulcers & are usually in the superior portion – either anterior or posterior
o Posterior ones attack the gastroduodenal a (lies behind the superior part
of duodenum) producing massive GI bleeding
o Anterior ones lead to peritonitis – air into subdiaphragmatic space

Explanation

Duodenal ulcers are more common than stomach ulcers & are usually in the superior portion – either anterior or posterior
o Posterior ones attack the gastroduodenal a (lies behind the superior part
of duodenum) producing massive GI bleeding
o Anterior ones lead to peritonitis – air into subdiaphragmatic space

9. A patient presents with an aneurysm in the aorta where the duodenum crosses in front of it. As a result, the duodenum is being severely strained. Which part of the duodenum is most likely being affected?

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

3rd horizontal (L3)
o Longest section
o Crosses in front of aorta & IVC
o Crossed anteriorly by the SM vessels

Explanation

3rd horizontal (L3)
o Longest section
o Crosses in front of aorta & IVC
o Crossed anteriorly by the SM vessels

10. A CT Scan shows a lesion in the Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves. You would expect problems in which of the following?

Parasympathetics in Hind Gut

Sympathetics in Hind Gut

Parasympathetics in Mid Gut

Sympathetics in Mid Gut

Parasympathetics:

CN X for Fore Gut and Mid Gut

Pelvic Splanchnics for Hind gut

Explanation

Parasympathetics:

CN X for Fore Gut and Mid Gut

Pelvic Splanchnics for Hind gut