Health Information Analysis And Presentation

Reviewed by Editorial Team
The ProProfs editorial team is comprised of experienced subject matter experts. They've collectively created over 10,000 quizzes and lessons, serving over 100 million users. Our team includes in-house content moderators and subject matter experts, as well as a global network of rigorously trained contributors. All adhere to our comprehensive editorial guidelines, ensuring the delivery of high-quality content.
Learn about Our Editorial Process
| By Kevin
K
Kevin
Community Contributor
Quizzes Created: 5 | Total Attempts: 23,553
| Attempts: 63
SettingsSettings
Please wait...
  • 1/56 Questions

    In an experimental study design, subjects randomized within each stratum are participating in a randomized clinical trial.

    • True
    • False
Please wait...
About This Quiz

Explore key statistical concepts in health sciences with this quiz on accuracy, standard deviation, Pearson's r, and more. Enhance your ability to analyze and present health information effectively, understanding data distribution and the impact of outliers.

Health Information Analysis And Presentation - Quiz

Quiz Preview

  • 2. 

    A retrospective cohort study: 

    • Is referred to as a non-concurrent study.

    • Can reduce the time required to under take the study.

    • Can increase the time required to undertake the study.

    • Both a and b.

    Correct Answer
    A. Both a and b.
    Explanation
    A retrospective cohort study is referred to as a non-concurrent study because it looks back at past data and follows a group of individuals over time to assess the relationship between exposure to a risk factor and the development of a disease. This type of study can reduce the time required to undertake the study because it uses existing data rather than collecting new data. However, it can also increase the time required to undertake the study if the necessary data is not readily available and needs to be collected retrospectively. Therefore, both options a and b are correct.

    Rate this question:

  • 3. 

    Inferential statistics goes beyond a simple description of our study sample or population.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Inferential statistics involves making inferences or drawing conclusions about a population based on a sample. It goes beyond simply describing the characteristics of the sample or population and aims to make generalizations or predictions about the entire population. By using statistical techniques, we can estimate parameters, test hypotheses, and make predictions about the population. Therefore, the statement that inferential statistics goes beyond a simple description of our study sample or population is true.

    Rate this question:

  • 4. 

    Which of the following would NOT be a statistical software?

    • MS Word

    • SPSS

    • SAS

    • Crystal Report

    Correct Answer
    A. MS Word
    Explanation
    MS Word is not a statistical software because it is primarily a word processing program used for creating and editing documents, while statistical software such as SPSS, SAS, and Crystal Report are specifically designed for data analysis and statistical calculations. MS Word does not have the necessary features and functions to perform statistical analysis, making it unsuitable for such tasks.

    Rate this question:

  • 5. 

    Epidemiology plays an integral role in: 

    • Disease prevention

    • Health promotion

    • Both a and b

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Both a and b
    Explanation
    Epidemiology plays an integral role in both disease prevention and health promotion. Epidemiologists study patterns and causes of diseases in order to develop strategies for preventing their spread. They also work to promote public health by identifying risk factors and implementing interventions to improve overall well-being. Therefore, the correct answer is both a and b.

    Rate this question:

  • 6. 

    One of the largest publicly available databases of medical literature is: 

    • PubMed

    • Google scholar

    • MeSH

    • Proquest

    Correct Answer
    A. PubMed
    Explanation
    PubMed is one of the largest publicly available databases of medical literature. It is a free resource that provides access to a vast collection of biomedical literature, including articles from scientific journals, research papers, and conference proceedings. PubMed is widely used by researchers, healthcare professionals, and students to search for and access relevant medical information. It offers a comprehensive and up-to-date repository of medical literature, making it a valuable tool for evidence-based medicine and research in the healthcare field.

    Rate this question:

  • 7. 

    The mode for the following data; 2,2,1,5,9,7,5,4,3

    • 3

    • 1

    • 9

    • 2

    Correct Answer
    A. 2
    Explanation
    The mode is the value that appears most frequently in a set of data. In this case, the number 2 appears twice, which is more than any other number in the data set. Therefore, the mode of the given data is 2.

    Rate this question:

  • 8. 

    Used to compare parts to the whole

    • Pie graphs

    • Scatter plot

    • Line graphs

    • Bar charts

    Correct Answer
    A. Pie graphs
    Explanation
    Pie graphs are used to compare parts to the whole. They are circular graphs that are divided into sectors, with each sector representing a different category or data point. The size of each sector is proportional to the quantity it represents, allowing for a visual comparison of the parts to the whole. This makes pie graphs particularly useful for displaying data that is divided into different categories or percentages, such as market shares, budget allocations, or demographic distributions.

    Rate this question:

  • 9. 

    Independent variable is also known as:

    • Outcome

    • Confounder

    • Exposure

    • Unit of Analysis

    Correct Answer
    A. Exposure
    Explanation
    The independent variable is also known as the exposure. This is because the independent variable is the variable that is manipulated or changed by the researcher in order to observe its effect on the dependent variable. In other words, it is the variable that is hypothesized to cause a change in the outcome or dependent variable. Therefore, exposure is a term commonly used to describe the independent variable in research studies.

    Rate this question:

  • 10. 

    One can test the null hypothesis (i.e., there is no difference) and accept or reject the findings on the basis of statistical outcomes by looking at statistical differences in means which are t -tests for two groups and ANOVA for two or more groups.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    This statement is true because t-tests and ANOVA are commonly used statistical tests to compare means between groups. T-tests are used when comparing means between two groups, while ANOVA is used when comparing means between two or more groups. These tests help determine if there is a statistically significant difference between the groups being compared, allowing researchers to accept or reject the null hypothesis.

    Rate this question:

  • 11. 

    Descriptive studies are useful in describing disease occurrence and in generating hypothesis for further research

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Descriptive studies are useful in describing disease occurrence and in generating hypothesis for further research. This is because descriptive studies aim to observe and describe the characteristics of a population or phenomenon, including disease occurrence. By collecting data and analyzing it, descriptive studies can provide valuable information about the distribution and patterns of diseases, which can help researchers generate hypotheses for further research. These hypotheses can then be tested using other study designs, such as experimental or analytical studies. Therefore, the statement is true.

    Rate this question:

  • 12. 

    In a study example where looking at the effects of caffeine on newborns' birth weight, caffeine is: 

    • The outcome or the dependent variable

    • Exposure or independent variable

    • Confounding variable

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Exposure or independent variable
    Explanation
    In this study example, caffeine is considered the exposure or independent variable. This means that it is the factor being manipulated or controlled by the researchers to observe its effects on newborns' birth weight. The researchers are intentionally exposing the newborns to different levels of caffeine to determine if it has any impact on their birth weight. The birth weight of the newborns is the outcome or dependent variable, which is being measured and observed as a result of the caffeine exposure.

    Rate this question:

  • 13. 

    Individuals get assigned one of the groups randomly. One of the groups (treatment) gets a dose of the independent variable, while the other (control) gets nothing or a placebo.

    • Randomization

    • Unit of Analysis

    • Sampling

    • Control

    Correct Answer
    A. Randomization
    Explanation
    Randomization refers to the process of assigning individuals to different groups randomly. In this context, it means that individuals are randomly assigned to either the treatment group or the control group. This is important in research because it helps to ensure that any differences observed between the groups can be attributed to the independent variable and not to any pre-existing differences between the individuals. Randomization helps to minimize bias and increase the internal validity of the study.

    Rate this question:

  • 14. 

    A situation in which the values of variables occur at irregular frequencies and the mean, median and mode occur at different points.

    • Right Skewed Distribution

    • Symmetrical Distribution

    • Left Skewed Distribution

    • Asymmetrical Distribution

    Correct Answer
    A. Asymmetrical Distribution
    Explanation
    An asymmetrical distribution refers to a situation where the values of variables occur at irregular frequencies and the mean, median, and mode occur at different points. In this type of distribution, the data is not evenly distributed around the central point and is skewed towards one side. It can be either right-skewed or left-skewed, depending on which side the tail of the distribution extends towards. Therefore, an asymmetrical distribution is the correct answer as it accurately describes the given situation.

    Rate this question:

  • 15. 

    Comparing the incidence of disease in persons with exposure to the incidence of disease in persons without the exposure is called: 

    • Relative risk of disease

    • Control

    • Cases

    • Sampling bias

    Correct Answer
    A. Relative risk of disease
    Explanation
    The correct answer is relative risk of disease. This term refers to the comparison of disease incidence between individuals who have been exposed to a certain factor and those who have not. It is a measure used in epidemiology to assess the association between exposure and disease occurrence. By comparing the relative risk, researchers can determine the likelihood of developing the disease in the exposed group compared to the unexposed group.

    Rate this question:

  • 16. 

    The act of converting 'potential participants' into 'actual participants'. This must be done as an invitation.

    • Sampling

    • Target population

    • Data collection

    • Recruitment

    Correct Answer
    A. Recruitment
    Explanation
    Recruitment refers to the process of converting potential participants into actual participants through an invitation. It involves identifying and attracting individuals who meet the criteria for participation in a study or project. This process is crucial for ensuring a representative sample and collecting the necessary data from the target population.

    Rate this question:

  • 17. 

    Which approach is most commonly used in a study design?

    • Qualitative

    • Quantitative

    • Mixed

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Mixed
    Explanation
    Mixed approach is the most commonly used in a study design because it combines both qualitative and quantitative methods. This approach allows researchers to gather both numerical data and subjective information, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the research topic. By using a mixed approach, researchers can analyze data from different perspectives and gain a deeper insight into the phenomenon under investigation. This approach is particularly useful when studying complex social phenomena that cannot be fully captured by either qualitative or quantitative methods alone.

    Rate this question:

  • 18. 

    In a cohort study, the investigator selects a group of exposed individuals and a group of non exposed individuals and:

    • Follows both groups prospectively to compare the incidence of disease.

    • Follows both groups retrospectively to compare the prevalence of disease.

    • Is a part of observational studies which comes under analytical studies.

    • Both a and c

    Correct Answer
    A. Both a and c
    Explanation
    In a cohort study, the investigator selects a group of exposed individuals and a group of non-exposed individuals and follows both groups prospectively to compare the incidence of disease. This means that the investigator will track both groups over time to see how many individuals in each group develop the disease. This type of study is also considered an observational study, which falls under analytical studies. Therefore, the correct answer is both a and c.

    Rate this question:

  • 19. 

    Qualitative methodologies focus on processes or attitudes and beliefs and rely on ethnographic and observational study.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Qualitative methodologies indeed focus on processes or attitudes and beliefs and rely on ethnographic and observational study. This means that qualitative research methods aim to understand and interpret subjective experiences, behaviors, and social phenomena. Ethnographic research involves immersing oneself in a specific cultural or social group to observe and understand their behaviors, beliefs, and practices. Observational study, on the other hand, involves carefully observing and documenting behaviors and interactions in natural settings. Therefore, the given statement is correct.

    Rate this question:

  • 20. 

    Incidence of disease can be defined as the number of: 

    • New cases in a given population over a given time period

    • Persons exposed to the risk during the time period

    • Existing cases at a single point in time

    • Both a and b

    Correct Answer
    A. Both a and b
    Explanation
    The incidence of disease is defined as the number of new cases in a given population over a given time period. This means that it measures the occurrence of new cases of a disease within a specific population during a specific time frame. Additionally, it also includes persons who have been exposed to the risk of the disease during that time period. Therefore, the correct answer is both a and b.

    Rate this question:

  • 21. 

    All disease originates from

    • An agent

    • Bacteria

    • Host

    • Person

    Correct Answer
    A. An agent
    Explanation
    All diseases originate from an agent, which can be a bacteria, virus, or other microorganisms that cause the disease. The agent is responsible for infecting the host, which can be a person or an animal, and causing the symptoms and effects of the disease. The host's immune system then responds to the agent, leading to the development of the disease. Therefore, the correct answer is "an agent" as it encompasses all possible disease-causing agents.

    Rate this question:

  • 22. 

    Which of the following is TRUE about Standard Deviation? 

    • The more spread apart the data, the higher the deviation.

    • A value much greater or much less than the others in a data set

    • The more spread apart the data, the lower the deviation.

    • The narrower spread apart the data, the higher the deviation.

    Correct Answer
    A. The more spread apart the data, the higher the deviation.
    Explanation
    Standard deviation is a measure of how spread out the data points are in a dataset. It quantifies the amount of variation or dispersion in the data. A higher standard deviation indicates that the data points are more spread apart, meaning there is greater variability or dispersion in the dataset. Conversely, a lower standard deviation suggests that the data points are closer to the mean, indicating less variability or dispersion in the dataset. Therefore, the statement "The more spread apart the data, the higher the deviation" is true as it correctly describes the relationship between the spread of data and the standard deviation.

    Rate this question:

  • 23. 

    The scientific method of research: 

    • Is a step-by-step approach

    • Reduces bias in studies

    • Increases the validity and reliability of the study

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    The scientific method of research is a step-by-step approach that involves following a systematic process to conduct research. This approach helps to reduce bias in studies by ensuring that the research is conducted in a methodical and objective manner. Additionally, the scientific method increases the validity and reliability of the study by providing a structured framework for collecting and analyzing data. Therefore, all of the given options are correct, as they accurately describe the benefits and characteristics of the scientific method of research.

    Rate this question:

  • 24. 

    Bias is: 

    • The conscious and unconscious error

    • That all people and ideas are fairly distributed

    • The random selection of population in a study

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. The conscious and unconscious error
    Explanation
    Bias refers to the conscious and unconscious errors that can occur in various situations, such as decision-making, data collection, or interpretation. It involves the tendency to favor or be influenced by certain factors or perspectives, which can lead to unfairness or inaccuracies. This can occur in individuals, organizations, or systems, and it is important to be aware of and address bias to ensure fairness and objectivity.

    Rate this question:

  • 25. 

    In a well-designed study the sample will likely be _________________ of the population and thus the findings from the sample will probably (95% confidence) be generalized to those of the target population. The better the sampling design, the stronger the _______________________.

    • Variance, Internal Validity

    • Representative, External validity

    • Reliability, External Validity

    • Sample, Internal Validity

    Correct Answer
    A. Representative, External validity
    Explanation
    In a well-designed study, the sample will likely be representative of the population, meaning that it accurately reflects the characteristics and diversity of the target population. This allows for findings from the sample to be generalized to the larger population with a high level of confidence (95% confidence). The better the sampling design, the stronger the external validity, which refers to the ability to generalize the findings to the target population.

    Rate this question:

  • 26. 

    Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a controlled vocabulary thesaurus used by the National Library of Medicine to index all articles contained in the database.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is indeed a controlled vocabulary thesaurus used by the National Library of Medicine to index all articles in their database. This means that MeSH terms are assigned to articles to provide a standardized way of categorizing and organizing the information. Therefore, the statement "Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a controlled vocabulary thesaurus used by the National Library of Medicine to index all articles contained in the database" is true.

    Rate this question:

  • 27. 

    Used to show a relationship or correlation between two variables and how they interact with each other in either a positive ornegative relationship

    • Line graphs

    • Scatter plot

    • Pie graphs

    • Bar charts

    Correct Answer
    A. Scatter plot
    Explanation
    A scatter plot is used to show a relationship or correlation between two variables and how they interact with each other. It is particularly useful when studying the relationship between continuous variables. In a scatter plot, each data point represents an observation, and the position of the point on the graph represents the values of the two variables being compared. The scatter plot allows us to visually identify any patterns or trends in the data and determine if there is a positive or negative relationship between the variables.

    Rate this question:

  • 28. 

    What would be the best way to display and present large volumes of data?

    • Powerpoint

    • Graph

    • Pie chart

    • Tables

    Correct Answer
    A. Tables
    Explanation
    Tables would be the best way to display and present large volumes of data because they provide a structured format to organize and compare data in a systematic manner. Tables allow for easy sorting, filtering, and analysis of data, making it easier to identify patterns, trends, and relationships. They also provide the ability to include multiple variables and categories, making it suitable for complex data sets. Additionally, tables can accommodate a large amount of data without sacrificing clarity and readability.

    Rate this question:

  • 29. 

    Which best describes a correlational study?

    • It uses data from entire populations to compare disease frequencies between same/different groups during the same or different points in time.

    • It cannot be used to test a hypothesis because of a number of limitations.

    • It consists of the carefully detailed report by one or more clinicians of the profile of a single patient.

    • Both a and b.

    Correct Answer
    A. Both a and b.
    Explanation
    A correlational study is a type of research that examines the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating them. It uses data from entire populations to compare disease frequencies between same/different groups during the same or different points in time. It cannot be used to test a hypothesis because of a number of limitations, such as the inability to establish causation. Therefore, the answer "Both a and b" is correct as it encompasses the characteristics and limitations of a correlational study.

    Rate this question:

  • 30. 

    The individual case report can never be expanded to a case series that describes characteristics of patients with a given disease.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    False. The individual case report can be expanded to a case series that describes characteristics of patients with a given disease. A case series involves collecting data on multiple cases with similar characteristics and analyzing them collectively to identify patterns and trends. By combining multiple individual case reports, researchers can gain a broader understanding of the disease and its characteristics.

    Rate this question:

  • 31. 

    The two main study design strategies used in research studies are: 

    • Correlational and cross sectional studies

    • Descriptive and analytic studies

    • Cohort and case control studies

    • Case reports and case series

    Correct Answer
    A. Descriptive and analytic studies
    Explanation
    Descriptive and analytic studies are the two main study design strategies used in research studies. Descriptive studies aim to describe the characteristics of a population or phenomenon, providing information about the prevalence and distribution of a particular condition or behavior. Analytic studies, on the other hand, aim to examine the relationship between different variables and determine causality. These studies involve comparing groups or populations and analyzing the data to draw conclusions about the potential risk factors or causes of a particular outcome.

    Rate this question:

  • 32. 

     This term describes the degree of conformity of a measured or calculated quantity to its actual (true) value.

    • Variance

    • Accuracy

    • Precision

    • Outlier

    Correct Answer
    A. Accuracy
    Explanation
    Accuracy is the correct answer because it refers to the degree of conformity of a measured or calculated quantity to its actual (true) value. In other words, accuracy measures how close a measurement or calculation is to the true value. It is different from precision, which refers to the degree of consistency or reproducibility of measurements. Variance is a statistical measure of the spread between numbers in a data set, and an outlier is a value that is significantly different from other values in a data set.

    Rate this question:

  • 33. 

    A researcher has obtained referrals from 5 different healthcare locations, and would like to determine if there is a relationship between locations and number of home visits per year. Which hypothesis test is the most appropriate to use in order to asses statistical significance of the differences between the 5 locations?

    • Chi-square independence

    • Chi-square goodness of fit

    • ANOVA

    • Two related means

    Correct Answer
    A. ANOVA
    Explanation
    ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) is the most appropriate hypothesis test to use in order to assess the statistical significance of the differences between the 5 locations. ANOVA is used to compare the means of three or more groups and determine if there is a significant difference between them. In this case, the researcher wants to compare the number of home visits per year across the different healthcare locations. ANOVA will allow the researcher to determine if there is a significant difference in the means of the home visits between the locations.

    Rate this question:

  • 34. 

    An outbreak or the spread of disease that is observed at higher than normal frequency is known as a/an: 

    • Endemic

    • Epidemic

    • Pandemic

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Epidemic
    Explanation
    An outbreak or the spread of disease that is observed at higher than normal frequency is known as an epidemic. This term is used when a disease affects a large number of people within a specific community or region. Unlike an endemic, which refers to the constant presence of a disease within a particular population, an epidemic represents a sudden increase in the number of cases. A pandemic, on the other hand, refers to a global outbreak of a disease that affects a large number of people across different countries or continents.

    Rate this question:

  • 35. 

    The ability to consistently measure what we think we are measuring is: 

    • Validity

    • Reliability

    • Internal validity

    • External validity

    Correct Answer
    A. Reliability
    Explanation
    Reliability refers to the consistency and stability of a measurement. It means that if the same measurement is repeated multiple times, it should yield similar results. In this context, the ability to consistently measure what we think we are measuring refers to reliability. This means that the measurement tool or instrument used is reliable and can produce consistent results, regardless of who is using it or when it is used.

    Rate this question:

  • 36. 

    The null hypothesis is rejected when?

    • P-value is > 0.05

    • P-value is = 0.05

    • P-value is < 0.05

    • 95% confidence

    Correct Answer
    A. P-value is < 0.05
    Explanation
    When the p-value is less than 0.05, it indicates that the observed data is statistically significant and unlikely to have occurred by chance alone. Therefore, the null hypothesis, which assumes that there is no significant difference or relationship, is rejected in favor of the alternative hypothesis.

    Rate this question:

  • 37. 

    In a case control study, cases are a true representation of the population with the disease.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    In a case control study, cases are not a true representation of the population with the disease. This is because cases are selected based on the presence of the disease, which may introduce bias and not accurately reflect the overall population. Case control studies are designed to compare cases (individuals with the disease) to controls (individuals without the disease) to identify potential risk factors or associations with the disease. Therefore, cases are not representative of the entire population with the disease.

    Rate this question:

  • 38. 

    Which of the following would NOT be a characteristic of an observational study?

    • Interventions are applied and measured overtime

    • Cohort study

    • Observing the natural course of events

    • Calculating odds ratio

    Correct Answer
    A. Interventions are applied and measured overtime
    Explanation
    An observational study is a type of study where researchers observe and analyze subjects without any interventions or manipulations. They simply observe the natural course of events or behaviors. In this type of study, researchers do not apply any interventions or measure them over time. Instead, they collect data through observation and analyze it to draw conclusions. Therefore, the characteristic that would NOT be a part of an observational study is "interventions are applied and measured overtime".

    Rate this question:

  • 39. 

    If you do this three times, weighing the water each time, and get 0.751, 0.753 and 0.750 grams would this impact precision or accuracy?

    • Variance

    • Inference

    • Precision

    • Accuarcy

    Correct Answer
    A. Precision
    Explanation
    The given scenario describes the process of weighing water three times and obtaining measurements of 0.751, 0.753, and 0.750 grams. Precision refers to the consistency and repeatability of measurements. In this case, the measurements are very close to each other, indicating a high level of precision. The fact that the measurements are consistently within a narrow range suggests that the process is precise, regardless of whether the measurements are accurate (closeness to the true value).

    Rate this question:

  • 40. 

    Categories form a natural order, but no real sense of the difference between the levels.

    • Ordinal

    • Discrete data

    • Nominal

    • Measurement data

    Correct Answer
    A. Ordinal
    Explanation
    The given answer "Ordinal" is correct because in ordinal data, the categories have a natural order or ranking, but the differences between the levels are not clearly defined or meaningful. This means that while we can arrange the categories in a specific order, we cannot determine the exact magnitude of the differences between them. In this case, the categories form a natural order, but there is no real sense of the difference between the levels, which aligns with the characteristics of ordinal data.

    Rate this question:

  • 41. 

    Which of the following is NOT True about Experimental studies?

    • Involves random assignment of subjects to either the treatment (experimental) or non-treatment (control) group.

    • Subjects are blinded to the treatment they receive, by receiving a placebo that looks, smells, and tastes the same as the active drug

    • The researcher determines who gets the treatment and the dosage.

    • Researchers cannot establish a temporal relationship in this type of study.

    Correct Answer
    A. Researchers cannot establish a temporal relationship in this type of study.
    Explanation
    Experimental studies involve random assignment of subjects to either the treatment or control group, blinding of subjects to the treatment they receive, and the researcher determining who gets the treatment and dosage. However, researchers can establish a temporal relationship in this type of study, as they can control the timing of the treatment and measure the effects over time.

    Rate this question:

  • 42. 

    In a contingency table b + d would represent?

    • The total number of individuals exposed

    • The total number of individuals with the disease

    • The total number of individuals without the disease

    • The total number of individuals unexposed.

    Correct Answer
    A. The total number of individuals without the disease
    Explanation
    In a contingency table, b + d represents the total number of individuals without the disease. This is because b represents the number of individuals who are exposed and without the disease, while d represents the number of individuals who are unexposed and without the disease. Adding these two values together gives us the total number of individuals without the disease.

    Rate this question:

  • 43. 

    Which one of the following is a calculation of practical significance for two measurement variables.

    • Cohen's difference

    • % difference between

    • Pearson's r

    • Raw difference

    Correct Answer
    A. Pearson's r
    Explanation
    Pearson's r is a calculation of practical significance for two measurement variables. It measures the strength and direction of the linear relationship between the variables. It ranges from -1 to +1, where -1 indicates a perfect negative relationship, +1 indicates a perfect positive relationship, and 0 indicates no relationship. Pearson's r is commonly used in statistics and research to determine the degree of association between variables and is particularly useful when analyzing continuous data.

    Rate this question:

  • 44. 

    Which of the following is NOT an Elements of data analysis?

    • Data preparation

    • Data Modeling

    • Data exploration

    • Data Statistical

    Correct Answer
    A. Data Modeling
    Explanation
    Data modeling is not an element of data analysis because it is a separate process that involves designing the structure and relationships of a database or data system. Data modeling focuses on creating a conceptual representation of the data and is typically done before data analysis takes place. In contrast, data analysis involves the exploration, preparation, and statistical analysis of data to discover patterns, relationships, and insights.

    Rate this question:

  • 45. 

    The following research question would be an example of what kind of research study design; What do you think are future trends in the HIM profession?

    • Experimental

    • Observational

    • Qualitative

    • Quantitative

    Correct Answer
    A. Qualitative
    Explanation
    This research question is an example of a qualitative research study design because it seeks to understand and explore subjective opinions and perspectives about future trends in the HIM profession. Qualitative research focuses on gathering in-depth information, using methods such as interviews or focus groups, to gain insights into people's experiences, beliefs, and attitudes. In this case, the researcher would likely conduct interviews or surveys to gather qualitative data on the participants' thoughts and predictions about future trends in the HIM profession.

    Rate this question:

  • 46. 

    An r value less than 1 indicates a high degree of correlation between the variables.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    An r value less than 1 does not indicate a high degree of correlation between the variables. The correlation coefficient, represented by r, ranges from -1 to 1. A value of 1 represents a perfect positive correlation, while a value of -1 represents a perfect negative correlation. Therefore, an r value less than 1 can still indicate a correlation, but it may not be a high degree of correlation.

    Rate this question:

  • 47. 

    Which of the following studies would you NOT calculate relative risk for?

    • Experimental

    • Case-control

    • Retrospective cohort

    • Prospective cohort

    Correct Answer
    A. Case-control
    Explanation
    Relative risk is a measure used to assess the strength of association between an exposure and an outcome in a population. It is calculated by dividing the risk of the outcome in the exposed group by the risk of the outcome in the unexposed group. Case-control studies, however, do not calculate relative risk directly. Instead, they use odds ratios to estimate the association between exposure and outcome. Therefore, case-control studies would not involve the calculation of relative risk.

    Rate this question:

  • 48. 

    How does outliers effect range in a set of data?

    • Best statistic equipped to deal with outliers, in that they are, mostly, unaffected by it.

    • If the outlier is high or low, it causes the mean to be high or low and makes it unreliable.

    • Greatly affected by outliers, as it can change the actual calculations by extreme numbers, up or down.

    • None of the Above

    Correct Answer
    A. Greatly affected by outliers, as it can change the actual calculations by extreme numbers, up or down.
    Explanation
    The range in a set of data is greatly affected by outliers, as they can significantly change the actual calculations by introducing extreme numbers, either increasing or decreasing the range. Outliers have a strong impact on the range because they represent values that are far away from the majority of the data points. Therefore, the presence of outliers can distort the overall range of the dataset, making it an unreliable measure of spread.

    Rate this question:

  • 49. 

    Quantitative methods of research:

    • Look for associations between interventions and outcomes.

    • Involve the measurement and description of variables

    • Include variables such as sex, age, height and weight.

    • All of the Above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the Above
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "All of the Above" because quantitative methods of research involve looking for associations between interventions and outcomes, as well as the measurement and description of variables. These variables can include sex, age, height, and weight. Therefore, all of the statements mentioned in the question are true regarding quantitative methods of research.

    Rate this question:

Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Jun 18, 2024 +

Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.

  • Current Version
  • Jun 18, 2024
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Jul 02, 2015
    Quiz Created by
    Kevin

Recent Quizzes

The Ultimate Higher Or Lower Quiz The Ultimate Higher Or Lower Quiz
Data Interpretation Basics Tabular Data Interpretation Basics Tabular
Python Basics Quiz: Exam! Python Basics Quiz: Exam!
Data Analysis Midterm 2 practice Data Analysis Midterm 2 practice
Test your Data Analysis Knowledge! Trivia Quiz Test your Data Analysis Knowledge! Trivia Quiz
Splunk Core Certified User Test! Trivia Questions Quiz Splunk Core Certified User Test! Trivia Questions Quiz
Back to Top Back to top
Advertisement
×

Wait!
Here's an interesting quiz for you.

We have other quizzes matching your interest.