1.
1. How many states of matter exist?
Correct Answer
E. 5
Explanation
There are four states of matter: Bose-Einstein Condensate, solid, liquid, plasma, and gas. Traditionally, there are three primary states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas. However, in addition to these three classical states, there are two more recently discovered states of matter, Plasma and Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC). Plasma is a high-energy, ionized state of matter in which atoms are stripped of their electrons, resulting in a mixture of positively charged ions and free electrons. A Bose-Einstein Condensate is a state of matter that occurs at extremely low temperatures, close to absolute zero.
2.
The state of matter that are particles and that farthest apart is
Correct Answer
D. Plasma
Explanation
Plasma is the state of matter in which particles are the farthest apart. Unlike solids, liquids, and gases, plasma consists of charged particles that have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces between them. This results in particles being spread out and not confined to a fixed position. Plasma is often referred to as the fourth state of matter and is commonly found in stars, lightning, and certain types of flames.
3.
The state of matter in which the particles are closest together is
Correct Answer
D. Solid
Explanation
The state of matter where particles are closest together is solid. In a solid, the particles are tightly packed and have a fixed position. They vibrate in place but do not move around freely like in a liquid or gas. This close arrangement of particles gives solids their definite shape and volume.
4.
In which state of matter do particles have the least energy and are closely packed together?
Correct Answer
A. Solid
Explanation
In the solid state of matter, particles have the least energy, and they are arranged in a fixed, closely-packed structure. This results in a definite shape and volume for solids.
5.
In what state are the particles in this picture is?
Correct Answer
D. Plasma
Explanation
Based on the given options, the state of the particles in the picture is plasma. Plasma is a state of matter in which particles are highly energized and ionized, resulting in the formation of charged particles. It is often considered the fourth state of matter and is characterized by its ability to conduct electricity and respond to magnetic fields.
6.
What state of matter is rain?
Correct Answer
B. Liquid
Explanation
Rain is considered a liquid because it is composed of small water droplets that have condensed in the atmosphere and fallen to the ground. Liquids have a definite volume but not a definite shape, and rain takes the shape of its container or the surface it falls on. Additionally, rain can flow and be poured, which are characteristics of liquids.
7.
The state of matter with no shape or volume is
Correct Answer
C. Gas
Explanation
Gas is the state of matter with no shape or volume. Unlike solids and liquids, gases do not have a fixed shape or volume. Instead, they take the shape and volume of their container. Gas particles are in constant random motion, allowing them to fill any space available to them. This property of gases makes them highly compressible and able to expand to fill any container they are placed in.
8.
What state of matter are the particles in this picture of?
Correct Answer
A. Solid
Explanation
The particles in the picture are closely packed together and have a fixed shape and volume, indicating that they are in a solid state.
9.
What state of matter is water? (Considering all conditions of temperature.)
Correct Answer
D. All of the above
Explanation
Water can exist in all three states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas. At low temperatures, water freezes and becomes a solid, commonly known as ice. At room temperature, water is in its liquid state, flowing and taking the shape of its container. At higher temperatures, water vaporizes and becomes a gas, known as steam. Therefore, the correct answer is "all of the above" as water can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas depending on the temperature and pressure conditions.
10.
The state of matter of the particles moving in one direction is
Correct Answer
B. Liquid
Explanation
The state of matter of the particles moving in one direction is liquid. In a liquid, the particles are close together but still have enough energy to move around and slide past each other. This allows the particles to flow and take the shape of their container. Unlike solids, liquids do not have a fixed shape and can change their volume. Unlike gases, liquids do not fill the entire space they are in and are not easily compressed. Therefore, liquid is the most appropriate state of matter for particles moving in one direction.