Shoulder Girdle Anatomy Quiz! Trivia

The acromioclavicular joint and the sternoclavicular joint are both involved in the movement of the scapula. The acromioclavicular joint is located between the acromion process of the scapula and the clavicle, while the sternoclavicular joint is located between the sternum and the clavicle. These joints allow for the scapula to move and rotate, which is essential for proper shoulder function. Therefore, the statement that the acromioclavicular joint and the sternoclavicular joint contribute to scapular motions is true.

The upper trapezius muscle originates from the nuchal ligament and the occipital bone and inserts in the lateral third of the clavicle. This muscle is responsible for various movements of the shoulder, including elevation, retraction, and rotation of the scapula. It also helps in stabilizing the shoulder joint and maintaining proper posture.

The lower trapezius muscle originates from the spinous processes of T5-T12 and inserts at the base of the scapular spine. This muscle is responsible for the movement and stabilization of the scapula, helping to retract and depress it. It also assists in the rotation and extension of the neck and head.

The levator scapula and rhomboids both have the motion of elevation in common. Elevation refers to the upward movement of the scapula towards the ears. Both muscles work together to lift the scapula and assist in movements like shrugging the shoulders. This motion is important for various activities such as lifting objects overhead or maintaining good posture.

The weakness of the pectoralis muscle can indicate trauma to the medial pectoral nerve. The pectoralis muscle is innervated by the medial pectoral nerve, and any damage or trauma to this nerve can lead to weakness or paralysis of the muscle. The other nerves listed, cranial nerve XI, dorsal scapular nerve, and long thoracic nerve, do not directly innervate the pectoralis muscle, so weakness of the muscle would not be indicative of trauma to those nerves.

The weakness of the rhomboid muscle could indicate trauma to the Dorsal Scapular nerve. The rhomboid muscle is innervated by the Dorsal Scapular nerve, which arises from the brachial plexus. Damage to this nerve can result in weakness or paralysis of the rhomboid muscle, leading to difficulty in retracting the scapula and causing pain and limited movement in the upper back and shoulder region. Therefore, the weakness of the rhomboid muscle is a potential indicator of trauma to the Dorsal Scapular nerve.

The middle trapezius and rhomboids are agonists in shoulder girdle retraction. Agonist muscles are responsible for producing a specific movement. In this case, the middle trapezius and rhomboids work together to retract or pull the shoulder girdle back. The middle trapezius is located in the upper back and helps to retract the scapula, while the rhomboids are deep muscles that also assist in scapular retraction. Together, these muscles play a significant role in the desired motion of shoulder girdle retraction.

The muscle that originates from the spinous processes of C7-T5 and inserts on the vertebral border of the scapula between the inferior angle and the spine of the scapula is the Rhomboids.

The coracoacromial ligament is the correct answer. This ligament forms an arch over the head of the humerus, providing stability to the shoulder joint. It connects the coracoid process of the scapula to the acromion process, preventing excessive upward movement of the humeral head and protecting the underlying structures such as the rotator cuff tendons.

If a person lacks the free motion of upward rotation in the shoulder joint, it means that they have limited movement when it comes to raising their arm upwards and away from the body (abduction) and bending the arm forward (flexion). Therefore, the correct answer is A and C, which refers to the limitations in both abduction and flexion.

Linear shoulder girdle motion refers to the movement of the shoulder girdle in a straight line. Upward rotation involves the scapula moving upward and away from the spine, while scapular depression involves the scapula moving downward. Both of these movements occur in a linear fashion and are examples of linear shoulder girdle motion. Therefore, the correct answer is B and C.

The serratus anterior muscle is responsible for scapular protraction. This muscle is located on the lateral surface of the ribs and attaches to the scapula. When it contracts, it pulls the scapula forward, causing protraction. This movement is important for activities that involve reaching forward or pushing objects away from the body. The pectoralis major muscle is responsible for adduction and flexion of the arm, the coracobrachialis muscle assists in flexion and adduction of the arm, and the middle trapezius muscle is responsible for scapular retraction.

The serratus anterior and the pectoralis minor both contribute to the protraction of the scapula. Protraction refers to the movement of the scapula away from the spine, towards the front of the body. This motion is important for reaching forward or pushing objects away from the body. The serratus anterior and pectoralis minor work together to stabilize and control the movement of the scapula during protraction.

The superior lateral aspect of the scapula refers to the upper and outer part of the scapula. The acromion process is a bony projection on the scapula that forms the highest point of the shoulder. If a person is experiencing pain in this area, it suggests that there may be a problem or pathology involving the acromion process.

To stretch the middle trapezius and rhomboids, the client must position the scapula in a protracted position. Scapular protraction refers to the movement of the scapula away from the spine, causing the shoulders to round forward. This position elongates and stretches the middle trapezius and rhomboids, which are responsible for retracting the scapula. Scapular retraction, depression, and downward rotation would not effectively target these muscles for stretching.

The weakness of the trapezius muscle is a key indicator of trauma to cranial nerve XI, also known as the accessory nerve. This nerve innervates the trapezius muscle, which is responsible for movements of the shoulder and neck. Damage to cranial nerve XI can result in weakness or paralysis of the trapezius muscle, leading to difficulty in raising or rotating the shoulder, as well as weakness in shrugging the shoulders.

Winging of the scapula refers to the abnormal protrusion or sticking out of the scapula bone from the back. This condition is caused by weakness of the serratus anterior muscle, which is responsible for stabilizing the scapula against the ribcage. When the serratus anterior muscle is weak, it is unable to adequately hold the scapula in place, leading to the winging appearance. The pectoral minor, levator scapula, and middle trapezius muscles are not directly involved in scapular winging.

The client who needs scapular depressor strengthening would require attention to the pectoralis minor and lower trapezius muscles. The pectoralis minor is responsible for depressing the scapula, while the lower trapezius helps to stabilize and depress the scapula as well. Strengthening these muscles would help improve scapular depression and overall shoulder stability.

The bony landmark of the scapula where the vertebral and axillary borders meet is called the inferior angle. This is the lowest point of the scapula and is located at the bottom corner of the bone. It is important in identifying the orientation and position of the scapula in relation to the rest of the body.

This answer is correct because the levator scapula, rhomboids, and pectoralis minor muscles work together to create a force couple. A force couple occurs when two or more muscles work in synergy to produce a specific movement or stabilize a joint. In this case, the levator scapula, rhomboids, and pectoralis minor muscles work together to elevate and retract the scapula, helping to stabilize the shoulder girdle and assist in movements such as pulling the shoulder blades together or shrugging the shoulders.

In a reversal of muscle action, the upper trapezius would perform head and neck extension. This means that the upper trapezius, which is responsible for elevating the scapula, would now be involved in extending the head and neck. This reversal of muscle action occurs when there is a change in the normal movement pattern of the muscle, resulting in it performing a different action than its usual function.

The upper, and lower trapezius muscles, along with the serratus anterior (SA), play a significant role in generating upward rotation of the scapula. These muscles are crucial for facilitating normal scapular movements during arm elevation. As a result, research has delved into exploring exercise techniques that effectively engage and activate these muscle groups.