Semester 1 Post Test_ Hs
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
What does B represent?
- A.
Amplitude
- B.
Crest
- C.
Trough
- D.
Wavelength
Correct Answer
C. TroughExplanation
B represents the lowest point of a wave, which is known as the trough. The trough is the opposite of the crest, which represents the highest point of a wave. In terms of amplitude, it refers to the maximum displacement of a wave from its equilibrium position, and wavelength represents the distance between two consecutive troughs or crests. Therefore, B specifically represents the trough of a wave.Rate this question:
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- 2.
As we move through the visible spectrum, red to violet (right to left in the image), the wavelength __________ and the frequency ____________.
- A.
Decreases; decreases
- B.
Decreases; increases
- C.
increases; increases
- D.
Increases; decreases
Correct Answer
B. Decreases; increasesExplanation
As we move through the visible spectrum from red to violet, the wavelength of light decreases. This means that the distance between each wave crest becomes shorter. At the same time, the frequency of light increases. Frequency refers to the number of wave crests that pass a given point in a certain amount of time. Since the wavelength is decreasing, more wave crests pass the same point in a given time, resulting in an increase in frequency.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What does D represent?
- A.
Amplitude
- B.
Crest
- C.
Trough
- D.
Wavelength
Correct Answer
A. AmplitudeExplanation
D represents the amplitude. Amplitude is the maximum displacement or distance of a wave from its equilibrium position. It measures the intensity or strength of a wave. In this case, D is representing the maximum displacement of the wave.Rate this question:
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- 4.
When describing electromagnetic radiation, there is a(n) _____________ relationship between wavelength and frequency and the greater the frequency, the ____________ energy the electromagnetic radiation has.
- A.
Inverse; more
- B.
Inverse; less
- C.
direct; more
- D.
Direct; less
Correct Answer
A. Inverse; moreExplanation
The relationship between wavelength and frequency in electromagnetic radiation is inverse, meaning that as the wavelength increases, the frequency decreases, and vice versa. The greater the frequency of electromagnetic radiation, the more energy it has.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which of these waves can NOT travel through the vacuum of space?
- A.
Microwaves
- B.
Radio waves
- C.
Light waves
- D.
Sound waves
Correct Answer
D. Sound wavesExplanation
Sound waves cannot travel through the vacuum of space because they require a medium, such as air or water, to propagate. In space, there is no air or any other material to carry the sound waves, so they cannot travel. On the other hand, microwaves, radio waves, and light waves are all forms of electromagnetic radiation that can travel through the vacuum of space.Rate this question:
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- 6.
You see lightning before you hear thunder because
- A.
Light waves can travel through a vacuum.
- B.
Sound waves cannot travel through the air.
- C.
Light waves travel faster than sound waves.
- D.
Sound waves travel faster than light waves.
Correct Answer
C. Light waves travel faster than sound waves.Explanation
Light waves travel faster than sound waves, which is why you see lightning before you hear thunder. Light waves can travel through a vacuum, such as the empty space between you and the lightning, while sound waves require a medium like air to propagate. Therefore, the light from the lightning reaches your eyes faster than the sound waves from the thunder reach your ears, resulting in the visual perception of lightning occurring before the auditory perception of thunder.Rate this question:
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- 7.
While watching a recent science fiction movie, one Klingon spaceship blows up a Droid spaceship with a laser gun. The Klingon crew watches out the port window and covers their ears to muffle the noise from the explosion. Scientifically, this scene is inaccurate because
- A.
Light can not reflect off objects in the vacuum of space.
- B.
they would not be able to see anything outside the window.
- C.
Lasers can not be transmitted through the vacuum of space.
- D.
The sound of the explosion would not be transmitted back to their ship.
Correct Answer
D. The sound of the explosion would not be transmitted back to their ship.Explanation
In the vacuum of space, there is no medium for sound waves to travel through, so the sound of the explosion would not be transmitted back to the Klingon ship. Sound requires a medium, such as air or water, to travel and be heard. Since space is a vacuum, there is no air or any other medium to carry the sound waves, making it impossible for the Klingon crew to hear the explosion.Rate this question:
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- 8.
If we compare and contrast electromagnetic waves with sound waves, all BUT one statement is true. That is
- A.
Sound waves require a medium to travel while electromagnetic waves do not.
- B.
Electromagnetic waves must have a medium in which to travel, but sound waves can travel anywhere.
- C.
Electromagnetic waves can travel through the vacuum of space while sound waves cannot.
- D.
Sound waves must bounce off of matter in order to travel while electromagnetic waves do not require matter to be present.
Correct Answer
B. Electromagnetic waves must have a medium in which to travel, but sound waves can travel anywhere.Explanation
The correct answer is "electromagnetic waves can travel through the vacuum of space while sound waves cannot." This statement is true because electromagnetic waves, such as light, can travel through empty space without the need for a medium, while sound waves require a medium, such as air or water, to propagate.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What is true for ALL of the examples of electromagnetic waves?
- A.
They all have the same energy.
- B.
They all have the same frequency.
- C.
They all have the same wavelength.
- D.
They all move at the same speed in a vacuum.
Correct Answer
D. They all move at the same speed in a vacuum.Explanation
All electromagnetic waves, regardless of their energy, frequency, or wavelength, travel at the same speed in a vacuum. This speed is commonly known as the speed of light, which is approximately 3 x 10^8 meters per second. This principle is a fundamental property of electromagnetic waves and is a key concept in understanding the behavior and characteristics of these waves.Rate this question:
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- 10.
All of the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum are _______ waves.
- A.
Transverse
- B.
Mechanical
- C.
Longitudinal
- D.
Compression
Correct Answer
A. TransverseExplanation
The waves in the electromagnetic spectrum are transverse waves. This means that the oscillations of the waves occur perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. In transverse waves, the particles of the medium through which the wave is traveling move up and down or side to side. This is different from longitudinal waves, where the oscillations are parallel to the direction of wave propagation. Mechanical waves require a medium to propagate, while electromagnetic waves can travel through a vacuum.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Although you can see the pencil, it appears broken in the glass of water. This is because
- A.
Electromagnetic waves get closer together when they go through dense media like glass.
- B.
Electromagnetic waves compress more when they travel through denser media.
- C.
Electromagnetic waves travel at different speeds through different media.
- D.
Electromagnetic waves cannot travel through solids.
Correct Answer
C. Electromagnetic waves travel at different speeds through different media.Explanation
When light waves pass through different media, such as air and water, they travel at different speeds due to the varying refractive indices of these materials. This change in speed causes the light waves to bend or refract. In the case of the pencil in the glass of water, the light waves coming from the pencil are refracted as they enter the water, causing them to change direction. This change in direction creates an illusion that the pencil is broken or bent. Therefore, the correct answer is that electromagnetic waves travel at different speeds through different media.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Reflection is the bouncing of light rays off of a surface. Which situation is NOT an example of reflection?
- A.
Looking at yourself in a mirror
- B.
Focusing light through a camera lens
- C.
Seeing an image of yourself in a still lake
- D.
Looking at your teacher at the front of the class
Correct Answer
B. Focusing light through a camera lensExplanation
Focusing light through a camera lens is not an example of reflection because it involves the process of refraction, not reflection. Refraction occurs when light passes through a transparent medium, such as a lens, and changes direction. In this case, the camera lens bends the light to focus it onto the camera's sensor or film, allowing for the formation of an image.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Your teacher walks outside the classroom to have a conversation with the principal. Unknown to the teacher, while she is outside the room, the sound waves are transmitted around the edge of the door and spread out on the other side and you can hear the conversation. This is due to sound wave
- A.
Reflection.
- B.
interference.
- C.
Diffraction.
- D.
Absorption.
Correct Answer
C. Diffraction.Explanation
When the sound waves encounter an obstacle, such as the edge of a door, they can bend around it and spread out to the other side. This phenomenon is known as diffraction. In this scenario, the sound waves from the conversation between the teacher and the principal are diffracted around the edge of the door, allowing the students inside the classroom to hear the conversation.Rate this question:
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- 14.
An echo is an example of sound wave
- A.
Diffraction.
- B.
Interference.
- C.
Refraction.
- D.
Reflection.
Correct Answer
D. Reflection.Explanation
An echo is an example of reflection because it is the bouncing back of sound waves off a surface. When sound waves encounter a solid object, they reflect off it and travel back towards the source, creating an echo. This phenomenon is similar to how light waves reflect off a mirror, and hence, the correct answer is reflection.Rate this question:
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- 15.
When light enters a pair of glasses, it ______________ when it hits the glass.
- A.
Conducts
- B.
Diffracts
- C.
Reflects
- D.
refracts
Correct Answer
D. refractsExplanation
When light enters a pair of glasses, it refracts when it hits the glass. Refraction is the bending of light as it passes through a medium with a different refractive index, such as glass. This bending of light is what allows glasses to correct vision problems by focusing light rays onto the retina in the correct way.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Houses with carpet are much quieter than houses with tile or hardwood floors because of sound wave
- A.
Absorption.
- B.
diffraction.
- C.
reflection.
- D.
Refraction.
Correct Answer
A. Absorption.Explanation
Carpeted floors have the ability to absorb sound waves, preventing them from bouncing off hard surfaces and creating echoes. This absorption property reduces the amount of noise that is transmitted through the floors, making houses with carpet much quieter compared to houses with tile or hardwood floors. This is why the correct answer is absorption.Rate this question:
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- 17.
We can see because light is
- A.
Absorbed.
- B.
Diffracted.
- C.
Reflected.
- D.
Refracted.
Correct Answer
C. Reflected.Explanation
When we see, light is reflected off objects and enters our eyes. This reflected light carries information about the object's color, shape, and texture, allowing us to perceive it. Absorption occurs when light is absorbed by an object and does not reflect back, making it unable for us to see. Diffraction refers to the bending of light around obstacles, which can affect the direction and intensity of light but not necessarily our ability to see. Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another, which can also affect the direction of light but not necessarily our ability to see. Therefore, the correct answer is reflected.Rate this question:
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- 18.
In which medium would sound travel the fastest?
- A.
Across a room
- B.
In a swimming pool
- C.
Through outer space
- D.
Through a railroad track
Correct Answer
D. Through a railroad trackExplanation
Sound travels fastest through solids because the particles in a solid are tightly packed, allowing sound waves to propagate more efficiently. In the case of a railroad track, the sound waves can travel through the metal rails, which are a solid medium, resulting in faster sound transmission compared to other mediums such as air or water.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What does the person in back of the ambulance experience?
- A.
A lower frequency of the siren
- B.
A lower amplitude of the siren
- C.
A higher frequency of the siren
- D.
A higher amplitude of the siren
Correct Answer
A. A lower frequency of the sirenExplanation
The person in the back of the ambulance experiences a lower frequency of the siren. This is due to the Doppler effect, which causes a change in frequency of a sound wave when the source of the sound is moving relative to the observer. As the ambulance moves away from the person, the sound waves get stretched out, resulting in a lower frequency.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Sound waves are transferred by the compression of particles. The closer the particles are to one another, the faster the energy is transferred. Therefore, sound energy directly depends upon the _________ of the medium.
- A.
Density
- B.
Mass
- C.
Pressure
- D.
Volume
Correct Answer
A. DensityExplanation
Sound energy is directly dependent on the density of the medium. This is because sound waves are transferred through the compression of particles in the medium. When the particles are closer together, the energy is transferred faster, resulting in a higher density. Therefore, the density of the medium directly affects the speed and intensity of sound waves.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Sunlight is slowed MOST when traveling through
- A.
A vacuum.
- B.
The atmosphere.
- C.
Water.
- D.
None of these, as light always travels at the same speed.
Correct Answer
C. Water.Explanation
When sunlight travels through water, it interacts with the water molecules, causing the light to slow down. This is due to the higher refractive index of water compared to air or vacuum. In the atmosphere, sunlight also slows down, but to a lesser extent compared to water. In a vacuum, there are no particles for the light to interact with, so it travels at its maximum speed. Therefore, water is the medium that slows down sunlight the most.Rate this question:
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- 22.
As the ambulance got closer, Marge noticed that the pitch of the siren got higher. This happened because
- A.
The human ear increases pitch over time.
- B.
the sound waves were pushed closer together.
- C.
the volume increased.
- D.
The ambulance was further away.
Correct Answer
B. the sound waves were pushed closer together.Explanation
As the ambulance got closer, the pitch of the siren got higher. This is because the sound waves were pushed closer together. When an object moves towards an observer, the sound waves it produces become compressed, resulting in a higher frequency or pitch. This phenomenon is known as the Doppler effect. Therefore, as the ambulance approached Marge, the sound waves from its siren were compressed, causing the pitch to increase.Rate this question:
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- 23.
A train whistle is at a higher pitch (note) as it approaches you and then drops to a lower pitch as it moves away. What concept explains this change or shift in sound waves?
- A.
Bernoulli effect
- B.
Changes in speed
- C.
Changes in speed
- D.
Doppler Effect
Correct Answer
D. Doppler EffectExplanation
The Doppler Effect explains the change in pitch of a train whistle as it approaches and moves away. This phenomenon occurs because the sound waves emitted by the train are compressed (higher pitch) when the train is approaching due to the relative motion between the source of sound (train) and the observer (you). As the train moves away, the sound waves are stretched (lower pitch) due to the increasing distance between the source and the observer. This change in frequency of the sound waves is known as the Doppler Effect.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Trumpeter A holds a B-flat note on the trumpet for a long time. Person C is running towards the trumpeter at a constant velocity. Person B is running away from the trumpeter at the same rate. Person D is standing still the whole time.Which person hears a frequency that is lower than the B-flat?
- A.
Person A
- B.
Person B
- C.
Person C
- D.
Person D
Correct Answer
B. Person BExplanation
Person B hears a frequency that is lower than the B-flat. This is because as Person B is running away from the trumpeter, the sound waves emitted by the trumpet are stretched out or "stretched" due to the Doppler effect. This stretching of the sound waves results in a decrease in frequency, causing the sound to be perceived as lower.Rate this question:
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- 25.
If 500 J of energy were added to 1 kg of each of these samples, which would experience the LEAST temperature increase?
- A.
Aluminum
- B.
Brass
- C.
Copper
- D.
Platinum
Correct Answer
A. AluminumExplanation
Aluminum would experience the least temperature increase because it has a lower specific heat capacity compared to the other materials. Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by a certain amount. Since aluminum has a lower specific heat capacity, it requires less energy to increase its temperature compared to the other materials. Therefore, even if the same amount of energy (500 J) is added to each sample, aluminum would experience the least temperature increase.Rate this question:
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- 26.
A generator converts mechanical energy into _____________________ energy.
- A.
Chemical
- B.
Electrical
- C.
Light
- D.
Sound
Correct Answer
B. ElectricalExplanation
A generator is a device that converts mechanical energy, such as the rotation of a turbine or the movement of a piston, into electrical energy. This is achieved through the principle of electromagnetic induction, where a magnetic field is created by the mechanical energy and a conductor is moved within the field to generate an electric current. Therefore, the correct answer is electrical.Rate this question:
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- 27.
When gasoline is burned in a car engine, ________ energy is converted into _________ energy.
- A.
Heat, chemical
- B.
Chemical, potential
- C.
Mechanical, chemical
- D.
Chemical, mechanical
Correct Answer
D. Chemical, mechanicalExplanation
When gasoline is burned in a car engine, the chemical energy stored in the gasoline molecules is converted into mechanical energy. This is because the combustion of gasoline releases energy in the form of heat, which in turn is used to generate mechanical work that powers the car engine. Therefore, the correct answer is "chemical, mechanical".Rate this question:
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- 28.
When a television is turned on, it converts electrical energy into many other forms of energy. Which set of words correctly lists MOST of these forms?
- A.
Sound and heat
- B.
Sound and light
- C.
Sound, light, and heat
- D.
Light, sound, and electricity
Correct Answer
C. Sound, light, and heatExplanation
When a television is turned on, it converts electrical energy into sound, light, and heat. This is because the electrical energy powers the speakers, producing sound waves; it powers the screen, producing light waves; and it also generates heat as a byproduct of the electrical processes happening within the television.Rate this question:
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- 29.
The heat transfer depicted in the image is MOST likely
- A.
Circulation
- B.
Convection
- C.
Conduction
- D.
Radiation
Correct Answer
B. ConvectionExplanation
The image most likely depicts convection because it shows the movement of heat through a fluid. Convection occurs when heat is transferred through the movement of particles in a fluid, such as air or water. In the image, the heat appears to be moving upward, indicating the rising of warm air or fluid. This is a characteristic of convection, where warmer fluid rises and cooler fluid sinks, creating a circulation pattern. Conduction, on the other hand, involves the transfer of heat through direct contact between objects, while radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The method of heat transfer by which the sun warms the earth is
- A.
Conduction
- B.
Solaration
- C.
Radiation
- D.
Convection
Correct Answer
C. RadiationExplanation
Radiation is the method of heat transfer by which the sun warms the earth. Radiation involves the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves, such as infrared radiation, that travel through space without the need for a medium. In the case of the sun, it emits a vast amount of radiation, including visible light and infrared radiation, which reaches the earth and warms its surface. This process is responsible for the heating of the earth's atmosphere and the generation of weather patterns.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Warm air rises at the equator and cold air sinks at the poles creating
- A.
Tornadoes.
- B.
Hurricanes.
- C.
Convection currents.
- D.
The Coriolis effect.
Correct Answer
C. Convection currents.Explanation
The given statement explains that warm air rises at the equator and cold air sinks at the poles. This process of air movement is known as convection currents. Convection currents play a significant role in redistributing heat on Earth, causing weather patterns and influencing the formation of tornadoes and hurricanes. The movement of warm and cold air masses creates a continuous cycle of rising and sinking air, which drives the convection currents. Therefore, convection currents is the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Thermal energy is transferred how?
- A.
Heat travels in both directions.
- B.
Heat travels from the hotter object to the cooler object.
- C.
Heat travels from the cooler object to the hotter object.
- D.
heat does not travel between objects of different temperatures.
Correct Answer
C. Heat travels from the cooler object to the hotter object.Explanation
Heat always travels from a hotter object to a cooler object. This is because heat is a form of energy that naturally flows from areas of higher temperature to areas of lower temperature in order to achieve thermal equilibrium. This process is known as heat transfer by conduction, convection, or radiation. Therefore, the correct answer is that heat travels from the cooler object to the hotter object.Rate this question:
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- 33.
You are walking on a beach and find a mystery piece of metal. You take it back to your lab and measure its mass to be 0.5 kg. In order to heat the metal 1 K, you must add 115 J of heat. Identify the metal.
- A.
Brass
- B.
Copper
- C.
Platinum
- D.
Silver
Correct Answer
D. SilverExplanation
Based on the information given, the metal has a mass of 0.5 kg and requires 115 J of heat to increase its temperature by 1 K. This suggests that the metal has a specific heat capacity of 115 J/(0.5 kg * 1 K) = 230 J/(kg*K). The specific heat capacity of silver is approximately 235 J/(kg*K), which is the closest value to the calculated value. Therefore, the metal is likely to be silver.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Five metal samples, with equal masses, are heated to 200oC. Each solid is dropped into a beaker containing 200 ml 15oC water. Which metal will cool the fastest?
- A.
Platinum
- B.
Copper
- C.
Aluminum
- D.
Silver
Correct Answer
A. PlatinumExplanation
Platinum will cool the fastest because it has the highest thermal conductivity among the given metals. This means that it can transfer heat more efficiently than the other metals. As a result, when the hot platinum is dropped into the cold water, it will quickly transfer its heat to the water, causing it to cool down rapidly. On the other hand, the other metals with lower thermal conductivity will take longer to transfer their heat to the water, resulting in a slower cooling process.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Describe the relationship between kinetic energy and speed.
- A.
A positive linear relationship.
- B.
A negative linear relationship.
- C.
A negative, but not linear relationship.
- D.
A positive, but not linear relationship.
Correct Answer
D. A positive, but not linear relationship.Explanation
The relationship between kinetic energy and speed is positive, meaning that as the speed increases, the kinetic energy also increases. However, this relationship is not linear, meaning that the increase in kinetic energy is not directly proportional to the increase in speed. Instead, the kinetic energy increases with the square of the speed. This is described by the equation KE = 1/2 mv^2, where KE is the kinetic energy, m is the mass of the object, and v is the velocity (speed).Rate this question:
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- 36.
A car is traveling down the highway and is pulled over by police officer, predict what changes MUST be made to the graph to reflect this situation.
- A.
The dotted line would need to be vertical for a certain amount of time.
- B.
The solid line would need to become horizontal for a certain amount of time.
- C.
The solid line would need to reach zero on the y-axis at some point.
- D.
The dotted line would need to reach zero on the y-axis at some point.
Correct Answer
B. The solid line would need to become horizontal for a certain amount of time.Explanation
When a car is pulled over by a police officer, it comes to a stop. This means that the car's velocity becomes zero for a certain amount of time. In the graph, the solid line represents the velocity of the car. Therefore, to reflect this situation, the solid line would need to become horizontal for a certain amount of time, indicating that the car is not moving.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The mass of all bicycles and riders indicated in the graph are equal. What indicates the order of their average velocity from greatest to least?
- A.
B, C, A, D
- B.
D, B, C, A
- C.
C, A, D, B
- D.
A, D, C, B
Correct Answer
D. A, D, C, BExplanation
The order of the average velocity from greatest to least is A, D, C, B. This means that bicycle A has the highest average velocity, followed by bicycle D, then bicycle C, and finally bicycle B.Rate this question:
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- 38.
If your friend said that kinetic energy was changing to potential energy at point C, how would you respond?
- A.
Your friend is correct.
- B.
Your friend is incorrect, at this point, the cannon ball just has kinetic energy.
- C.
Your friend is incorrect, at this point, the cannon ball just has potential energy.
- D.
Your friend is incorrect, at this point, the cannon ball is converting kinetic to potential energy.
Correct Answer
C. Your friend is incorrect, at this point, the cannon ball just has potential energy.Explanation
At point C, the cannonball is at its highest point in its trajectory, which means it has reached its maximum potential energy. It has no kinetic energy at this point because it has come to a stop momentarily before it starts falling back down due to gravity. Therefore, the cannonball just has potential energy at point C.Rate this question:
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- 39.
A ball is projected into the air. Describe the change(s) in potential and kinetic energy.
- A.
Potential energy decreases and kinetic energy increases.
- B.
Kinetic energy increases and potential energy decreases.
- C.
Potential energy decreases while kinetic energy increases; then kinetic energy decreases and potential energy increases.
- D.
Kinetic energy decreases as potential energy increases; once at the top, potential energy decreases as kinetic energy increases.
Correct Answer
D. Kinetic energy decreases as potential energy increases; once at the top, potential energy decreases as kinetic energy increases.Explanation
When the ball is projected into the air, it gains height and therefore potential energy increases while kinetic energy decreases. As the ball reaches its highest point, potential energy is at its maximum while kinetic energy is at its minimum. Then, as the ball falls back down, potential energy decreases while kinetic energy increases again. Therefore, the correct answer is "Kinetic energy decreases as potential energy increases; once at the top, potential energy decreases as kinetic energy increases."Rate this question:
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- 40.
Instead of rolling down the ramp over the step, imagine the ball falls off the back of the ramp directly to the ground. What is the amount of potential energy remaining after the ball lands on the ground?
- A.
0 J
- B.
25 J
- C.
50 J
- D.
100 J
Correct Answer
A. 0 JExplanation
When the ball falls off the back of the ramp directly to the ground, it loses all of its potential energy. This is because potential energy is the energy an object possesses due to its position or height above the ground. Since the ball is already at the ground level, there is no remaining potential energy. Therefore, the amount of potential energy remaining after the ball lands on the ground is 0 J.Rate this question:
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- 41.
According to the picture, how would the gravitational potential energy of the car change if its weight was doubled?
- A.
The gravitational potential energy would stay the same
- B.
The gravitational potential energy would be doubled.
- C.
The gravitational potential energy would be cut in half.
- D.
The gravitational potential energy would be increased by 750.
Correct Answer
B. The gravitational potential energy would be doubled.Explanation
If the weight of the car is doubled, its gravitational potential energy would also be doubled. Gravitational potential energy is directly proportional to the weight of an object and the height at which it is located. Therefore, if the weight is doubled, the potential energy will also double.Rate this question:
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- 42.
In this scenario a battery is used to supply chemical potential energy. The potential energy is transformed and produces kinetic energy. The battery causes a fan to spin and that kinetic energy can also be described as mechanical energy. Check out the values for each: 100 J potential energy results in 75 J of kinetic energy. What conclusion can be drawn from the energy transformation diagram?
- A.
Not all of the chemical potential energy is converted; 25 J remains as potential energy.
- B.
The energy transformation results in 25 J of energy being lost.
- C.
The chemical potential energy is transformed into 75 J of kinetic energy and 25 J of heat energy.
- D.
The 100 J of chemical potential energy releases 25 J as friction and 75 J of mechanical energy.
Correct Answer
C. The chemical potential energy is transformed into 75 J of kinetic energy and 25 J of heat energy.Explanation
The energy transformation diagram shows that the 100 J of chemical potential energy is converted into 75 J of kinetic energy and 25 J of heat energy. This means that not all of the chemical potential energy is converted, and 25 J remains as potential energy in the form of heat.Rate this question:
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- 43.
Based on the diagram of a ball rolling down hill, what statement is true?
- A.
The ball in box C has less kinetic energy than ball in box B.
- B.
The ball in box A has less kinetic energy than the ball in box B.
- C.
The ball in box C has less kinetic energy than the ball in box D.
- D.
The ball in box A has equal amounts of potential and kinetic energy.
Correct Answer
B. The ball in box A has less kinetic energy than the ball in box B.Explanation
The ball in box A has less kinetic energy than the ball in box B because the ball in box A is at a higher position on the hill, which means it has more potential energy. As the ball rolls down the hill, its potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. Therefore, the ball in box A has less kinetic energy compared to the ball in box B, which has already rolled down and gained more kinetic energy.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Which area of this sound wave represents a compression?
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D & E
Correct Answer
C. CExplanation
Compression in a sound wave refers to the region where the particles of the medium are densely packed together. In this context, option C represents a compression because it shows a region where the particles are closest together, indicating a higher density. This is typically followed by a rarefaction, where the particles are spread apart. Therefore, option C is the correct answer as it represents the area of compression in the sound wave.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Identify the characteristic of a transverse wave that doubled from wave A to wave B.
- A.
Amplitude
- B.
Crest
- C.
Trough
- D.
Wavelength
Correct Answer
A. AmplitudeExplanation
The characteristic of a transverse wave that doubled from wave A to wave B is the amplitude. Amplitude refers to the maximum displacement of particles in a wave from their equilibrium position. In this case, wave B has a doubled amplitude compared to wave A, indicating that the particles in wave B are displaced twice as far from their equilibrium position as in wave A.Rate this question:
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- 46.
The picture lists light waves from left to right in order of highest to lowest energy. Which region of the electromagnetic spectrum has the longest wavelength?
- A.
UV
- B.
Gamma Rays
- C.
Visible Light
- D.
Radio
Correct Answer
D. RadioExplanation
Radio waves have the longest wavelength in the electromagnetic spectrum. The picture shows light waves arranged from highest to lowest energy, and since wavelength and energy are inversely proportional, the longest wavelength corresponds to the lowest energy. Therefore, radio waves, which are located at the rightmost side of the picture, have the longest wavelength.Rate this question:
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- 47.
On a cool, still autumn morning, Carol noticed that she could see the exact image of the trees surrounding the pond. She could even distinguish between the red and yellow leaves on the trees while she looked into the pond at the trees' mirror images. How did the pond provide Carol with these exact color images?
- A.
The light waves were refracted and the bending produced colors.
- B.
The colored leaves emitted different wavelengths that Carol saw in the water.
- C.
The different colors of the leaves were absorbed by the water, producing the color reflections.
- D.
The different colored leaves reflected different wavelengths which Carol saw reflected from the pond.
Correct Answer
D. The different colored leaves reflected different wavelengths which Carol saw reflected from the pond.Explanation
The different colored leaves reflected different wavelengths which Carol saw reflected from the pond. When light hits an object, it is absorbed or reflected by the object's surface. Different colors of light have different wavelengths, and when light reflects off an object, it carries the information of its color. In this case, the leaves of the trees surrounding the pond reflected different wavelengths of light, which Carol saw as color reflections in the pond.Rate this question:
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- 48.
The wavelength and energy of a wave are inversely proportional. Based on this, which wave listed would have the LOWEST energy.
- A.
Wave with wavelength of 600 km
- B.
Wave with wavelength of 600 mm
- C.
Wave with wavelength of 600 cm
- D.
Wave with wavelength of 600 m
Correct Answer
A. Wave with wavelength of 600 kmExplanation
The wavelength and energy of a wave are inversely proportional, meaning that as the wavelength increases, the energy decreases. Therefore, the wave with the longest wavelength, which is 600 km, would have the lowest energy.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Comparing Wave A (black) to Wave B (green), Wave A has a
- A.
Higher crest.
- B.
Higher frequency.
- C.
Longer wavelength.
- D.
Greater amplitude.
Correct Answer
C. Longer wavelength.Explanation
Wave A is represented by a black line and Wave B is represented by a green line. The question asks for a comparison between the two waves. The statement "Wave A has a longer wavelength" means that the distance between two consecutive crests or troughs in Wave A is greater than in Wave B. This indicates that the waves in Wave A are more spread out or stretched compared to Wave B. The other options are not supported by the given information.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Compare the sounds produce by wave A and wave B. The human ear would hear
- A.
Wave A as a louder sound than wave B.
- B.
Wave A as a higher pitched sound than wave B.
- C.
Wave A and B with the same pitch, but wave A as louder.
- D.
Wave B has a louder and higher pitched sound than wave A.
Correct Answer
A. Wave A as a louder sound than wave B.Explanation
The human ear would hear wave A as a louder sound than wave B because the question is asking for a comparison between the two waves. It does not mention anything about the pitch of the waves, only their loudness. Therefore, the answer is that wave A would be perceived as louder than wave B.Rate this question:
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