Science Final Review Grade 7

Plants make their own food through the process of photosynthesis. They have specialized structures called chloroplasts that contain a pigment called chlorophyll. This pigment absorbs sunlight, which is then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This glucose serves as the plant's source of energy and is used for growth and other metabolic processes. Animals, on the other hand, cannot produce their own food and rely on consuming plants or other animals for nutrition. Therefore, the correct answer is plants.

The cell membrane is the organelle that surrounds and protects the cell. It is selectively permeable, meaning it allows certain materials to enter and leave the cell while preventing others from doing so. This process of regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell is essential for maintaining homeostasis and carrying out various cellular functions.

The outermost part of a plant cell is called the cell wall. The cell wall is a rigid layer that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support and protection to the cell. It is made up of cellulose and other polysaccharides, and it helps maintain the shape of the cell and prevents it from bursting under pressure. The cell wall also allows for communication and exchange of materials between adjacent cells.

The correct answer is Cloroplast. The chloroplast is a plant organelle that carries out photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. It contains chlorophyll, a pigment that captures light energy and uses it to produce glucose and oxygen. The chloroplast is responsible for the green color of plants and is essential for their survival and growth.

Both plant and animal cells have a cell membrane, which is a thin, flexible barrier that surrounds the cell and controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. The cell membrane is essential for maintaining the cell's internal environment and protecting it from the external environment. Additionally, both plant and animal cells have mitochondria, which are the powerhouses of the cell. Mitochondria are responsible for producing energy through cellular respiration, which is necessary for the cell to carry out its functions.

A chloroplast is a plant organelle that captures sunlight energy to make food.