Science Final Exam 7th Grade
Review all of the test and quizzes you have taken all year with this fun multiple choice quiz. It will test your knowledge from
everything learned from your first science book to your last sciene book of the year. Take your time and remember don't think you know the answer KNOW YOU KNOW the answer.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Which is not made from cells?
- A.
Mushroom
- B.
Sand
- C.
Dog
- D.
Leaf
Correct Answer
B. SandExplanation
Sand is not made from cells because it is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles. Unlike living organisms such as mushrooms, dogs, and leaves, sand does not possess cellular structures or biological components. Sand is formed through processes such as erosion, weathering, and sedimentation, and does not have the characteristic features of living organisms.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The first scientist to see animalcules, or tiny things was?
- A.
Robert Hooke
- B.
Rudolph Verchow
- C.
Mathias Schleiden
- D.
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Correct Answer
D. Anton Van LeeuwenhoekExplanation
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek is credited as the first scientist to observe and document animalcules, or microscopic organisms. He made significant advancements in the field of microscopy, constructing powerful microscopes that allowed him to observe and describe various microorganisms, including bacteria and protozoa. His discoveries were instrumental in the development of the field of microbiology and our understanding of the microscopic world.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Which scientist discovered that all plants made up of living things?
- A.
Robert Hooke
- B.
Rudolph Verchow
- C.
Mathias Schleiden
- D.
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
Correct Answer
C. Mathias SchleidenExplanation
Mathias Schleiden is credited with the discovery that all plants are made up of living things. He was a German botanist who, along with Theodor Schwann, formulated the cell theory, which states that all living organisms are composed of cells. Schleiden observed plant tissues under a microscope and concluded that plants are composed of individual cells. This discovery was a significant contribution to our understanding of the structure and function of plants.Rate this question:
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- 4.
A structure that is found in plant cells but not in animal cells is?
- A.
Cell wall
- B.
Nucleus
- C.
Cell membrane
- D.
Nuclear membrane
Correct Answer
A. Cell wallExplanation
The correct answer is cell wall. The cell wall is a rigid layer that surrounds the cell membrane in plant cells, providing support and protection. Animal cells do not have a cell wall, instead they have a flexible cell membrane that allows for movement and communication. The nucleus and nuclear membrane are present in both plant and animal cells, playing a role in genetic material storage and regulation.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The grain-like organelles on which proteins are made up of are called?
- A.
Golgi Bodies
- B.
Ribosomes
- C.
Mitochondria
- D.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Correct Answer
B. RibosomesExplanation
Ribosomes are the correct answer because they are the organelles responsible for protein synthesis in a cell. They are small, grain-like structures found either freely floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Ribosomes read the genetic information from the DNA and use it to assemble amino acids into proteins. They play a crucial role in protein synthesis, which is essential for various cellular functions and processes.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The organelles on which proteins are made are called?
- A.
Ribosomes
- B.
Vacuoles
- C.
Mitochondria
- D.
Golgi Bodies
Correct Answer
C. MitochondriaExplanation
Mitochondria are not the organelles on which proteins are made. Ribosomes are the organelles responsible for protein synthesis. They are found either freely floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Vacuoles are storage organelles and Golgi bodies are involved in processing and packaging proteins, but they are not directly involved in protein synthesis. Therefore, the correct answer is Ribosomes.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus is called?
- A.
Cell Membrane
- B.
Cell Wall
- C.
Chlorophyll
- D.
Cytoplasm
Correct Answer
D. CytoplasmExplanation
The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus is called the cytoplasm. It is a gel-like substance that fills the cell and contains various organelles, such as mitochondria and ribosomes. The cytoplasm plays a crucial role in cell metabolism, transport of molecules, and providing structural support to the cell. It also serves as a site for many cellular activities, including protein synthesis and cellular respiration.Rate this question:
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- 8.
DNA and RNA are example of?
- A.
Lipids
- B.
Nucleic acids
- C.
Proteins
- D.
Carbohydrates
Correct Answer
B. Nucleic acidsExplanation
DNA and RNA are examples of nucleic acids. Nucleic acids are macromolecules that are essential for storing and transmitting genetic information in living organisms. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) carries the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, and reproduction of all known organisms. RNA (ribonucleic acid) plays a key role in protein synthesis and gene expression. Both DNA and RNA are composed of nucleotides, which are the building blocks of nucleic acids. Therefore, the correct answer is nucleic acids.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which type of organic compound includes sugar and starches?
- A.
Lipids
- B.
Nucleic acids
- C.
Proteins
- D.
Carbohydrates
Correct Answer
D. CarbohydratesExplanation
Carbohydrates are the type of organic compound that includes sugar and starches. Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for the body and are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. They can be found in foods such as fruits, vegetables, grains, and dairy products. Sugars and starches are both examples of carbohydrates, with sugars being simple carbohydrates and starches being complex carbohydrates. Carbohydrates play a crucial role in providing energy, regulating blood sugar levels, and supporting various bodily functions.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The movement of molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of less concentration is called?
- A.
Forced transport
- B.
Diffusion
- C.
Engulfing
- D.
Active transport
Correct Answer
B. DiffusionExplanation
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration. This process occurs spontaneously and does not require any external energy input. It is driven by the random motion of molecules and leads to the equalization of concentration throughout a system. Diffusion is a fundamental process in various biological and physical phenomena, such as the exchange of gases in the lungs, the movement of nutrients across cell membranes, and the mixing of substances in a liquid.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Plants use sunlight to make food in a process called
- A.
Respiration
- B.
Photosynthesis
- C.
Fermentation
- D.
Mitosis
Correct Answer
B. PhotosynthesisExplanation
Plants use sunlight to make food through a process called photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, specifically in the chlorophyll pigment. The energy from sunlight is captured by chlorophyll and used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, which is then used as a source of energy for the plant. Oxygen is released as a byproduct of photosynthesis. Respiration, fermentation, and mitosis are not involved in the process of using sunlight to make food.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Carbon Dioxide enters a plant through its?
- A.
Pigments
- B.
Roots
- C.
Centromeres
- D.
Stomata
Correct Answer
D. StomataExplanation
Stomata are tiny openings or pores on the surface of plant leaves and stems. They are responsible for the exchange of gases, including carbon dioxide and oxygen, between the plant and its environment. Carbon dioxide enters the plant through these stomata during the process of photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The first stage of respiration takes place in the?
- A.
Nucleus
- B.
Mitochondria
- C.
Cytoplasm
- D.
Chloroplasts
Correct Answer
C. CytoplasmExplanation
The first stage of respiration takes place in the cytoplasm. During this stage, known as glycolysis, glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate. This process occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell, outside of the mitochondria. The pyruvate molecules then enter the mitochondria for further stages of respiration, including the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain. However, the initial breakdown of glucose occurs in the cytoplasm.Rate this question:
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- 14.
One product of fermentation in yeast cells is?
- A.
Alcohol
- B.
Lactic acid
- C.
Oxygen
- D.
Glucose
Correct Answer
A. AlcoholExplanation
During fermentation, yeast cells break down glucose in the absence of oxygen to produce energy. One of the byproducts of this process is alcohol, specifically ethanol. Therefore, alcohol is a product of fermentation in yeast cells.Rate this question:
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- 15.
DNA replication occurs during?
- A.
Prophase
- B.
Cytokinesis
- C.
Metaphase
- D.
Interphase
Correct Answer
D. InterphaseExplanation
DNA replication occurs during interphase. Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle and it is the period when the cell prepares for cell division. During this phase, the cell undergoes growth, carries out its normal functions, and replicates its DNA in preparation for cell division. Therefore, interphase is the correct answer as it is the specific phase in which DNA replication takes place.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Chromatin condenses and forms rod-like structures during?
- A.
Anaphase
- B.
Prophase
- C.
Telophase
- D.
Interphase
Correct Answer
B. ProphaseExplanation
During prophase, chromatin condenses and forms rod-like structures called chromosomes. This is an important step in cell division, as the condensed chromosomes allow for easier separation and distribution of genetic material to daughter cells. In anaphase, the chromosomes are already separated and moving towards opposite poles of the cell. In telophase, the chromosomes decondense and form chromatin again. In interphase, the cell is in a resting phase and the chromatin is not condensed. Therefore, the correct answer is prophase.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The final stage of the cell cycle is called?
- A.
Interphase
- B.
Cytokinesis
- C.
Mitosis
- D.
Telophase
Correct Answer
B. CytokinesisExplanation
Cytokinesis is the correct answer because it is the final stage of the cell cycle. During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm of the cell divides, resulting in the formation of two daughter cells. This process completes the cell cycle and is essential for the growth and development of organisms. Interphase is not the final stage, but rather the stage where the cell prepares for division. Mitosis is a stage that occurs before cytokinesis, where the nucleus of the cell divides. Telophase is a substage of mitosis, not the final stage of the cell cycle.Rate this question:
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- 18.
During DNA replication, adenine pairs with?
- A.
Thymine
- B.
Cytosine
- C.
Quanine
- D.
Lactic acid
Correct Answer
A. ThymineExplanation
During DNA replication, adenine pairs with thymine. This is because adenine and thymine are complementary base pairs in DNA. Adenine forms two hydrogen bonds with thymine, creating a stable base pair. This pairing is essential for the accurate replication of DNA, as each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. The pairing of adenine with thymine ensures that the genetic information is faithfully copied during DNA replication.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The cell grows to its mature size during?
- A.
Mitosis
- B.
Prophase
- C.
Telophase
- D.
Interphase
Correct Answer
D. InterphaseExplanation
During interphase, the cell grows and carries out its normal functions. This is the longest phase of the cell cycle and is divided into three subphases: G1, S, and G2. During G1, the cell grows in size and synthesizes proteins and organelles. In the S phase, DNA replication occurs, resulting in the duplication of the cell's genetic material. Finally, during G2, the cell continues to grow and prepares for cell division. Therefore, interphase is the phase in which the cell grows to its mature size before undergoing mitosis.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Most cases of cancer are caused by?
- A.
Mutations
- B.
Radiation
- C.
Tumors
- D.
Drugs
Correct Answer
A. MutationsExplanation
Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can lead to the development of cancer. These changes can occur spontaneously or be caused by exposure to certain chemicals, toxins, or viruses. Mutations can disrupt the normal functioning of genes involved in cell growth and division, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and the formation of tumors. While radiation, tumors, and drugs can be factors that contribute to the development of cancer in some cases, mutations are the primary cause.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The cytoplasm is the part of the cell in which?
- A.
DNA is located
- B.
Proteins are made
- C.
Chromosomes are located
- D.
RNA is made
Correct Answer
B. Proteins are madeExplanation
The cytoplasm is the part of the cell where proteins are made. This is because it contains various organelles, such as ribosomes, which are responsible for protein synthesis. Proteins are essential for various cellular functions and are involved in processes like cell signaling, enzyme activity, and structural support. Therefore, the cytoplasm plays a crucial role in protein production within the cell.Rate this question:
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- 22.
A mutation that causes disease resistance in potatoes is a(n)?
- A.
Harmful mutation
- B.
Neutral mutation
- C.
Helpful mutation
- D.
Environmental mutation
Correct Answer
C. Helpful mutationExplanation
A mutation that causes disease resistance in potatoes is considered a helpful mutation because it provides an advantage to the organism. In this case, the mutation allows the potatoes to resist diseases, which can improve their chances of survival and productivity. This beneficial trait can be passed on to future generations, leading to a population of potatoes with enhanced disease resistance.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The porcess by which the number of chromosome is reduced by half to form sex cells is called?
- A.
Protein synthesis
- B.
Heredity
- C.
Meiosis
- D.
Probability
Correct Answer
C. MeiosisExplanation
Meiosis is the correct answer because it is the process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half to form sex cells. During meiosis, the genetic material is shuffled and recombined, resulting in genetic diversity. This process is essential for sexual reproduction and ensures that each offspring receives a unique combination of genes from their parents. Protein synthesis, heredity, and probability are not related to the reduction of chromosome number during the formation of sex cells.Rate this question:
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- 24.
In the first step of protein synthesis what occurs?
- A.
Messenger RNA attaches to a ribosome
- B.
Messenger RNA is made using DNA as the pattern
- C.
The ribosomes releases the completed chain
- D.
Transfer RNA carries a specific amino acid to the ribosomes
Correct Answer
B. Messenger RNA is made using DNA as the patternExplanation
In the first step of protein synthesis, messenger RNA is made using DNA as the pattern. This process is called transcription, where the DNA sequence is copied into a complementary messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. This mRNA molecule carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes, where it will be used as a template for protein synthesis. The mRNA molecule attaches to a ribosome in the subsequent step, allowing for the translation of the genetic code into a specific amino acid sequence.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Gregor Mendel's work was foundation for the understanding why....
- A.
The results of one genetic cross do not affect the outcome of the second cross
- B.
Sex cells have half the number of chromosomes as body cells
- C.
Protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm
- D.
Offspring have traits similar to those of their parents
Correct Answer
D. Offspring have traits similar to those of their parentsExplanation
Gregor Mendel's work was the foundation for understanding why offspring have traits similar to those of their parents. Through his experiments with pea plants, Mendel discovered the principles of inheritance and established the concept of dominant and recessive traits. He observed that certain traits were consistently passed down from parents to offspring, and he developed the laws of segregation and independent assortment to explain how these traits are inherited. Mendel's work laid the groundwork for the field of genetics and provided a scientific explanation for why offspring resemble their parents in terms of inherited traits.Rate this question:
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- 26.
In the genetic code, a group of three nitrogen bases codes for the attachment of a specific what?
- A.
Messenger RNA
- B.
Protein
- C.
Transfer RNA
- D.
Amino acid
Correct Answer
D. Amino acidExplanation
In the genetic code, a group of three nitrogen bases, known as a codon, codes for the attachment of a specific amino acid. This process occurs during protein synthesis, where messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, and transfer RNA (tRNA) brings the corresponding amino acids to the ribosomes. The mRNA codon and tRNA anticodon pair up, ensuring that the correct amino acid is added to the growing protein chain. Therefore, the correct answer is amino acid.Rate this question:
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- 27.
For codominant traits, heterozygotes have the phenotype of what?
- A.
Both alleles
- B.
Only the recessive allele
- C.
Neither the dominant nor recessive allele
- D.
Only the dominant allele
Correct Answer
C. Neither the dominant nor recessive alleleExplanation
For codominant traits, heterozygotes have a phenotype that expresses both alleles equally. This means that neither the dominant allele nor the recessive allele is completely dominant over the other. Instead, both alleles are expressed and contribute to the phenotype of the individual. This results in a unique phenotype that is different from either the dominant or recessive phenotype.Rate this question:
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- 28.
During meiosis, sex cells form when chromosome pairs are
- A.
Doubled
- B.
Copied
- C.
Seperated
- D.
Combined
Correct Answer
C. SeperatedExplanation
During meiosis, sex cells, also known as gametes, are formed through a process called chromosome separation. This occurs during the second division of meiosis, known as meiosis II. In this phase, the replicated chromosomes line up at the center of the cell and are pulled apart, or separated, to opposite poles of the cell. This ensures that each gamete receives only one copy of each chromosome, resulting in the formation of haploid cells that are genetically distinct from each other. Therefore, the correct answer is "separated."Rate this question:
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- 29.
An organism's phenotype is its
- A.
Physical appearance
- B.
Genetic makeup
- C.
Allele combination
- D.
Probability of occuring
Correct Answer
A. Physical appearanceExplanation
The phenotype of an organism refers to its physical appearance, which includes observable characteristics such as color, shape, size, and behavior. It is determined by the interaction of the organism's genetic makeup (genotype) with environmental factors. While the genetic makeup and allele combination play a role in determining the phenotype, they alone do not fully define it. Therefore, the correct answer is physical appearance.Rate this question:
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- 30.
An allele whose trait always shows up in an organism when the allele is present is a....
- A.
Gene
- B.
Dominant allele
- C.
Recessive allele
- D.
Heredity factors
Correct Answer
B. Dominant alleleExplanation
A dominant allele is an allele that always expresses its trait in an organism, regardless of whether it is paired with another dominant allele or a recessive allele. This means that even if there is only one copy of the dominant allele present, it will still be able to determine the organism's phenotype. In contrast, a recessive allele only expresses its trait when it is paired with another recessive allele. Therefore, the correct answer is dominant allele.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The most abundant gas in the universe is?
- A.
Nitrogen
- B.
Argon
- C.
Oxygen
- D.
Carbon dioxide
Correct Answer
A. NitrogenExplanation
Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the universe because it makes up about 78% of Earth's atmosphere. It is also found in the atmospheres of other planets and in the interstellar medium. Nitrogen is an essential element for life and is used by plants and animals in various biological processes. Additionally, nitrogen is a major component of many important compounds such as proteins and nucleic acids.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Most air pollution is caused by?
- A.
Dust and pollen
- B.
Erupting volcanoes
- C.
Acid rain
- D.
The burning of fossil fuels
Correct Answer
D. The burning of fossil fuelsExplanation
The burning of fossil fuels is the main cause of air pollution. When fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas are burned for energy, they release harmful pollutants into the air, including carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter. These pollutants contribute to the formation of smog, acid rain, and the greenhouse effect, leading to various health and environmental problems. Dust and pollen, erupting volcanoes, and acid rain can also contribute to air pollution, but they are not the primary sources like the burning of fossil fuels.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Harmful substances in air, water or soil are called
- A.
Particles
- B.
Pollutants
- C.
Soot
- D.
Dust
Correct Answer
B. PollutantsExplanation
Harmful substances that are present in the air, water, or soil are commonly referred to as pollutants. These pollutants can include various substances such as chemicals, toxins, gases, or even solid particles. They are considered harmful as they can have detrimental effects on the environment, human health, and ecosystems. Therefore, pollutants are the correct term used to describe these harmful substances in the given context.Rate this question:
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- 34.
A barometer is used for?
- A.
Temperature
- B.
Density
- C.
Air pressure
- D.
Smog
Correct Answer
C. Air pressureExplanation
A barometer is used to measure air pressure. It is a device that helps in determining the atmospheric pressure, which is the force exerted by the weight of the air molecules in the atmosphere. By measuring air pressure, a barometer can provide valuable information about weather patterns and changes. It is commonly used in meteorology and also in various industries such as aviation and agriculture, where knowledge of air pressure is important for decision-making and forecasting.Rate this question:
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- 35.
The inner layer, or "weather layer," of the atmosphere is called?
- A.
Mesosphere
- B.
Troposphere
- C.
Thermosphere
- D.
Stratosphere
- E.
Ionosphere
- F.
Exosphere
Correct Answer
B. TroposphereExplanation
The inner layer of the atmosphere is called the troposphere. It is the lowest layer of the atmosphere and extends from the Earth's surface up to about 10-15 kilometers. This layer is where weather occurs and where most of the Earth's air mass is located. It is also where temperature decreases with increasing altitude.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Which layer of the atmosphere contains ozone, which protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet rays?
- A.
Mesosphere
- B.
Troposphere
- C.
Thermosphere
- D.
Stratosphere
- E.
Ionosphere
- F.
Exosphere
Correct Answer
D. StratosphereExplanation
The stratosphere is the correct answer because it is the layer of the atmosphere that contains the ozone layer. Ozone is a molecule made up of three oxygen atoms and it acts as a protective shield, absorbing and filtering out harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun. This is important because excessive UV radiation can cause skin cancer, cataracts, and other harmful effects on both humans and the environment. The presence of ozone in the stratosphere helps to protect the Earth's surface from these harmful UV rays.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The "northern lights" or the Aurora Borealis are in what layer of the atmosphere?
- A.
Mesosphere
- B.
Tropsphere
- C.
Thermosphere
- D.
Stratosphere
- E.
Ionosphere
- F.
Exosphere
Correct Answer
E. IonosphereExplanation
The northern lights, also known as the Aurora Borealis, occur in the ionosphere. This is the layer of the Earth's atmosphere that is located between the mesosphere and the exosphere. The ionosphere is characterized by a high concentration of ions and free electrons, which are responsible for the colorful displays of the northern lights.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Meteroids burn up in what layer of the atmosphere?
- A.
Mesosphere
- B.
Troposphere
- C.
Thermosphere
- D.
Stratosphere
- E.
Ionosphere
- F.
Exosphere
Correct Answer
A. MesosphereExplanation
Meteoroids are small rocky or metallic objects that enter the Earth's atmosphere from outer space. As they travel through the atmosphere, they encounter air molecules and friction causes them to heat up and burn up. This burning process occurs mainly in the mesosphere, which is the layer of the atmosphere located between the stratosphere and the thermosphere. The mesosphere is characterized by low temperatures and high altitude, making it the ideal layer for meteoroids to burn up.Rate this question:
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- 39.
As the density of air increase, its pressure...?
- A.
Increases
- B.
Doubles
- C.
Decreases
- D.
Stays the same
Correct Answer
C. DecreasesExplanation
As the density of air increases, its pressure decreases. This is because an increase in density means that there are more air molecules in a given volume, resulting in more collisions between the molecules. These collisions exert a force on the walls of the container, causing a decrease in pressure. Therefore, as the density of air increases, the pressure it exerts decreases.Rate this question:
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- 40.
The sky looks blue because of .....
- A.
Ozone
- B.
Infrared radiation
- C.
Scattering
- D.
The greenhouse effect
Correct Answer
C. ScatteringExplanation
The sky looks blue because of scattering. When sunlight passes through the Earth's atmosphere, the shorter blue wavelengths are scattered more than the longer red wavelengths. This scattering causes the blue light to be dispersed in all directions, making the sky appear blue to our eyes.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The direct transfer of electromagnetic waves is called?
- A.
Conduction
- B.
Heat
- C.
Convection
- D.
Radiation
Correct Answer
D. RadiationExplanation
Radiation is the correct answer because it refers to the direct transfer of electromagnetic waves. Unlike conduction, which involves the transfer of heat through direct contact, or convection, which involves the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids, radiation does not require a medium. It can occur through empty space and is responsible for the transfer of heat from the Sun to the Earth.Rate this question:
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- 42.
On the Fahrenheit scale, the freezing point of water is?
- A.
0
- B.
-32
- C.
-100
- D.
-30
Correct Answer
B. -32Explanation
On the Fahrenheit scale, the freezing point of water is -32 degrees. This means that at this temperature, water will freeze and turn into ice. The Fahrenheit scale is commonly used in the United States and a few other countries. It is based on dividing the range between the freezing and boiling points of water into 180 equal intervals. The freezing point of water is marked as 32 degrees on this scale, and since the question asks for the freezing point in negative, the correct answer is -32.Rate this question:
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- 43.
The upward movement of warm air and the downward movement of cool air is called a?
- A.
Conduction path
- B.
Sea breeze
- C.
Convection current
- D.
Monsoon
Correct Answer
C. Convection currentExplanation
Convection current is the correct answer because it accurately describes the upward movement of warm air and the downward movement of cool air. Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (in this case, air) due to differences in temperature. As warm air rises, it creates a low-pressure area, causing cool air to flow in and replace it. This continuous cycle of upward and downward movement is known as a convection current.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Wind direction is measured with a?
- A.
Wind vane
- B.
Psychrometer
- C.
Anemometer
- D.
Thermometer
Correct Answer
A. Wind vaneExplanation
A wind vane is used to measure wind direction. It consists of a freely rotating arrow or pointer that aligns itself with the direction of the wind. This allows meteorologists and weather enthusiasts to determine the direction from which the wind is blowing. In contrast, a psychrometer is used to measure humidity, an anemometer is used to measure wind speed, and a thermometer is used to measure temperature. Therefore, the correct answer is wind vane.Rate this question:
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- 45.
In the Northern Hemisphere, global winds that blow from southwest to the northeast are called...
- A.
Polar easterlies
- B.
Tradewinds
- C.
Prevailing easterlies
- D.
Prevailing westerlies
Correct Answer
D. Prevailing westerliesExplanation
The correct answer is prevailing westerlies. In the Northern Hemisphere, prevailing westerlies are the global winds that blow from southwest to northeast. These winds are responsible for the movement of weather systems across the mid-latitudes, including the United States and Europe. They play a crucial role in influencing the climate and weather patterns in these regions. Prevailing westerlies are characterized by their consistent direction and are caused by the Earth's rotation and the difference in heating between the equator and the poles.Rate this question:
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- 46.
You compare the reading of a wet-bulb and dry-bulb thermometers to measure?
- A.
Humidity
- B.
Temperature
- C.
Wind chill
- D.
Relative humidity
Correct Answer
D. Relative humidityExplanation
The reading of a wet-bulb and dry-bulb thermometers is used to measure relative humidity. The wet-bulb thermometer is covered with a wet cloth, and as the water evaporates, it cools the bulb. The dry-bulb thermometer measures the ambient air temperature. By comparing the two readings, the difference between the wet-bulb temperature and the dry-bulb temperature can be used to calculate the relative humidity. This method is commonly used in weather forecasting and determining comfort levels in indoor environments.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Clouds form when air is cooled to a....
- A.
Zero degrees celsius
- B.
Dew point
- C.
-30 degrees celsius
- D.
The condensation point
Correct Answer
B. Dew pointExplanation
Clouds form when air is cooled to its dew point. The dew point is the temperature at which the air becomes saturated with water vapor and condensation begins to occur. As the air cools, it loses its ability to hold moisture, causing the water vapor to condense into tiny water droplets or ice crystals, forming clouds. Therefore, the dew point is the correct answer as it accurately describes the process of cloud formation.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Hailstones form only in the type of cloud called a....
- A.
Nimbostratus
- B.
Altocumulus
- C.
Cumulonimbus
- D.
Cirrocumulus
Correct Answer
C. CumulonimbusExplanation
Cumulonimbus clouds are known for their vertical development and are often associated with thunderstorms. These clouds have a large vertical extent, reaching high altitudes and producing intense updrafts. Hailstones form within cumulonimbus clouds when strong updrafts carry raindrops upward into extremely cold regions of the cloud, causing them to freeze and accumulate layers of ice. As the hailstone becomes too heavy for the updrafts to support, it falls to the ground as hail. Therefore, cumulonimbus clouds are the type of cloud in which hailstones form.Rate this question:
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- 49.
A form of precipitation in which rain freezes as it falls through the air is called
- A.
Snow
- B.
Freezing rain
- C.
Sleet
- D.
Hail
Correct Answer
C. SleetExplanation
Sleet is a form of precipitation that occurs when raindrops freeze into ice pellets before reaching the ground. This happens when there is a layer of freezing air between the cloud and the surface, causing the raindrops to partially freeze. As a result, when the sleet reaches the ground, it falls as small ice pellets rather than liquid raindrops. This is different from freezing rain, which falls as liquid raindrops but freezes upon contact with cold surfaces. Snow is another form of precipitation, but it consists of ice crystals that fall from the clouds without melting. Hail, on the other hand, is formed in thunderstorms and consists of layered ice pellets.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Which type of air mass brings cool, humid weather to the West Coast of the United States?
- A.
Maritime tropical
- B.
Continental tropical
- C.
Maritime polar
- D.
Continental polar
Correct Answer
C. Maritime polarExplanation
Maritime polar air masses bring cool, humid weather to the West Coast of the United States. These air masses originate over the cold ocean waters of the North Pacific and move towards the coast, bringing in cool temperatures and moisture. The maritime polar air masses are responsible for the foggy and damp conditions commonly experienced in this region.Rate this question:
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