SCID 242 -quiz 6 - Leg And Foot - Trivia & Questions

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| By Permphan

Permphan

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Quizzes Created: 15 | Total Attempts: 28,490

Questions: 10 | Attempts: 251 | Updated: Mar 21, 2023

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Questions and Answers

1.

A worker falls from a height and lands on his feet. Radiographs reveal a fracture of the sustentaculum tali. The muscle passing immediately beneath it that would be adversely affected is the: ___________
- A.
  
  Fibularis longus
- B.
  
  Flexor digitorum longus
- C.
  
  Flexor hallucis longus
- D.
  
  Tibialis anterior
- E.
  
  Tibialis posterior
Correct Answer
C. Flexor hallucis longus

Explanation
The sustentaculum tali is a shelf-like, medial projection of the calcaneus, which supports the talus. The tendon of flexor hallucius longus passes under sustentaculum tali, creating a groove in the bone. So, if the sustenaculum tali was fractured, the tendon of flexor hallucis longus would be displaced from its usual position and the muscle would be affected.

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2.

A patient has stepped on a board with a long nail sticking up from it, and the nail penetrated the patient's foot between the bases of the first and second metatarsals. What artery is most likely injured at this location?
- A.
  
  Arcuate
- B.
  
  Deep plantar
- C.
  
  Dorsalis pedis
- D.
  
  Lateral plantar
- E.
  
  Medial plantar
Correct Answer
B. Deep plantar

Explanation
The deep plantar artery is a branch of dorsalis pedis, the major artery supplying blood to the dorsum of the foot. The deep plantar artery dives from the dorsum of the foot to the sole of the foot between the two heads of the dorsal interosseous muscle between the first and second toes. It then unites with the lateral plantar artery to form the plantar arterial arch.

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3.

While walking barefoot on the beach in Pattaya following final exams, a medical student steps on a sharp shell which punctures the sole of her foot. She notices that she can no longer spread her toes apart (without using her hands, that is). Which nerve must have been injured?
- A.
  
  Deep fibular
- B.
  
  Lateral plantar
- C.
  
  Medial plantar
- D.
  
  Sural
- E.
  
  Tibial
Correct Answer
B. Lateral plantar

Explanation
This medical student is unable to abduct her toes--this must mean that her dorsal interosseus muscles are denervated. These dorsal interosseus muscles are innervated by the deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve, so this must be the nerve that was damaged.

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4.

A patient with a fracture to the left upper tibia was treated with a plaster cast. A few days later he started to develop progressive numbness over the dorsum of the foot and weakness in dorsiflexion. The cast was quickly changed and the signs were attributed to nerve compression. The compressed nerve was most likely the: ___________
- A.
  
  Tibial
- B.
  
  Common fibular
- C.
  
  Sciatic
- D.
  
  Obturator
- E.
  
  Femoral
Correct Answer
B. Common fibular

Explanation
The common fibular nerve must have been compressed in the cast. You can figure this out by thinking about the two branches of the common fibular nerve. The first branch is the deep fibular nerve which innervates the anterior compartment of the leg and is responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot. The second branch, the superficial fibular nerve, innervates the lateral (everter) compartment and provides cutaneous innervation to the dorsum of the foot.

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5.

The most usual site for feeling the pulsations of the dorsalis pedis artery in the foot is: ______
- A.
  
  Just behind the medial malleolus
- B.
  
  Just lateral to the tendon of extensor hallucis longus
- C.
  
  Behind the tendon of fibularis tertius muscle
- D.
  
  In the second dorsal metatarsal space
- E.
  
  Just behind the lateral malleolus.
Correct Answer
B. Just lateral to the tendon of extensor hallucis longus

Explanation
The dorsalis pedis artery is the continuation of the anterior tibial artery. As the artery crosses into the foot, it lies just lateral to the tendon of extensor hallucis longus, so that's where you would feel a pulse.

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6.

Your patient was struck by a car's bumper as she crossed the street, and her fibular neck is broken. After the bone has healed, she has "foot drop", i. e. she cannot dorsiflex her foot, and so it flops onto the ground during walking. Denervation (paralysis) of which of the following muscles would be associated with foot drop?
- A.
  
  Fibularis longus
- B.
  
  Tibialis posterior
- C.
  
  Fibularis brevis
- D.
  
  Tibialis anterior
- E.
  
  Popliteus
Correct Answer
D. Tibialis anterior

Explanation
Tibialis anterior is the major dorsiflexer of the foot--if it is damaged, you will observe foot drop. It is found in the anterior compartment and is innervated by the deep fibular nerve. This patient probably damaged her common fibular nerve in the accident.

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7.

A pedestrian is struck by a car, and his fibular neck is fractured. There is no indication of foot drop, but he cannot evert his foot and the top of his foot is numb. This apparent nerve lesion would affect which of the following muscles?
- A.
  
  Tibialis posterior
- B.
  
  Tibialis anterior
- C.
  
  Fibularis tertius
- D.
  
  Fibularis longus
- E.
  
  Adductor hallucis
Correct Answer
D. Fibularis longus

Explanation
A fracture of the fibular neck commonly causes an injury to the common fibular nerve, which has two branches: the deep fibular nerve and the superficial fibular nerve. The superficial fibular nerve, however, innervates the lateral compartment of the leg which allows for eversion. It also provides cutaneous sensation to the dorsum of the foot. An injury to this nerve fits with the patient's symptoms. The superficial fibular nerve innervates fibularis longus and brevis, so D is your answer.

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8.

A patient has been diagnosed with bone cancer in the fibula that necessitates its removal. Which of the following muscles would be least affected following removal of the fibula?
- A.
  
  Biceps femoris
- B.
  
  Extensor digitorum longus
- C.
  
  Flexor digitorum longus
- D.
  
  Flexor hallucis longus
- E.
  
  Peroneus tertius
Correct Answer
C. Flexor digitorum longus

Explanation
Flexor digitorum longus is the most medial muscle in the deep posterior compartment of the leg. This means that it takes origin from the middle half of the posterior surface of the tibia and is not attached to the fibula in any way.

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9.

A player is kicked on the front of his leg during a soccer game, and a large bruise develops. A hematoma deep to the crural fascia can create extreme pressure within the anterior compartment of the leg, compressing structures within it. The most likely finding resulting from this anterior compartment syndrome is: _____
- A.
  
  Numbness on the dorsum of the foot
- B.
  
  Inability to evert the foot
- C.
  
  Inability to invert the foot
- D.
  
  Foot drop
- E.
  
  Inability to plantarflex the foot
Correct Answer
D. Foot drop

Explanation
Anterior compartment syndrome leads to foot drop due to the compression of the deep fibular nerve. Since the deep fibular nerve innervates tibialis anterior, an important dorsiflexer, injuring this nerve will impair dorsiflexion and cause the foot to drop.

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10.

A car strikes a pedestrian on the lateral side of her leg. Following the accident, she has "foot drop". Her foot hangs loosely in plantar flexion when she raises it off the ground. She can still invert her foot, but cannot evert it. She can flex but not extend her toes. Which nerve is most likely to have been crushed in her accident?
- A.
  
  Superficial fibular
- B.
  
  Common fibular
- C.
  
  Tibial
- D.
  
  Medial plantar
- E.
  
  Sciatic
Correct Answer
B. Common fibular

Explanation
All of these symptoms are consistent with damage to the common fibular nerve, whose branches, the deep and superficial fibular nerves, innervate the anterior and lateral compartments. The anterior compartment is important for dorsiflexion. The loss of eversion suggests that the lateral, everter compartment has been damaged--it is innervated by the superficial fibular nerve.

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Current Version
Mar 21, 2023

Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team
Oct 06, 2015

Quiz Created by
Permphan

SCID 242 -quiz 6 - Leg And Foot

A worker falls from a height and lands on his feet. Radiographs reveal a fracture of the sustentaculum tali. The muscle passing immediately beneath it that would be adversely affected is the: ___________

A patient has stepped on a board with a long nail sticking up from it, and the nail penetrated the patient's foot between the bases of the first and second metatarsals. What artery is most likely injured at this location?

While walking barefoot on the beach in Pattaya following final exams, a medical student steps on a sharp shell which punctures the sole of her foot. She notices that she can no longer spread her toes apart (without using her hands, that is). Which nerve must have been injured?

The most usual site for feeling the pulsations of the dorsalis pedis artery in the foot is: ______

A pedestrian is struck by a car, and his fibular neck is fractured. There is no indication of foot drop, but he cannot evert his foot and the top of his foot is numb. This apparent nerve lesion would affect which of the following muscles?

A patient has been diagnosed with bone cancer in the fibula that necessitates its removal. Which of the following muscles would be least affected following removal of the fibula?