SCID 242 -quiz 6 - Leg And Foot

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  • 1/10 Questions

    A patient with a fracture to the left upper tibia was treated with a plaster cast. A few days later he started to develop progressive numbness over the dorsum of the foot and weakness in dorsiflexion. The cast was quickly changed and the signs were attributed to nerve compression. The compressed nerve was most likely the: ___________

    • Tibial
    • Common fibular
    • Sciatic
    • Obturator
    • Femoral
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SCID 242 -quiz 6 - Leg And Foot - Quiz
About This Quiz

SCID 242 - Quiz 6 focuses on leg and foot injuries, assessing knowledge of anatomy and injury response. It covers scenarios from fractures affecting nerves and muscles to vascular and nerve injuries caused by trauma, crucial for medical students and professionals.

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  • 2. 

    Your patient was struck by a car's bumper as she crossed the street, and her fibular neck is broken. After the bone has healed, she has "foot drop", i. e. she cannot dorsiflex her foot, and so it flops onto the ground during walking. Denervation (paralysis) of which of the following muscles would be associated with foot drop? 

    • Fibularis longus

    • Tibialis posterior

    • Fibularis brevis

    • Tibialis anterior

    • Popliteus

    Correct Answer
    A. Tibialis anterior
    Explanation
    Tibialis anterior is the major dorsiflexer of the foot--if it is damaged, you will observe foot drop. It is found in the anterior compartment and is innervated by the deep fibular nerve. This patient probably damaged her common fibular nerve in the accident.

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  • 3. 

    A pedestrian is struck by a car, and his fibular neck is fractured. There is no indication of foot drop, but he cannot evert his foot and the top of his foot is numb. This apparent nerve lesion would affect which of the following muscles? 

    • Tibialis posterior

    • Tibialis anterior

    • Fibularis tertius

    • Fibularis longus

    • Adductor hallucis

    Correct Answer
    A. Fibularis longus
    Explanation
    A fracture of the fibular neck commonly causes an injury to the common fibular nerve, which has two branches: the deep fibular nerve and the superficial fibular nerve. The superficial fibular nerve, however, innervates the lateral compartment of the leg which allows for eversion. It also provides cutaneous sensation to the dorsum of the foot. An injury to this nerve fits with the patient's symptoms. The superficial fibular nerve innervates fibularis longus and brevis, so D is your answer.

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  • 4. 

    A player is kicked on the front of his leg during a soccer game, and a large bruise develops. A hematoma deep to the crural fascia can create extreme pressure within the anterior compartment of the leg, compressing structures within it. The most likely finding resulting from this anterior compartment syndrome is: _____

    • Numbness on the dorsum of the foot

    • Inability to evert the foot

    • Inability to invert the foot

    • Foot drop

    • Inability to plantarflex the foot

    Correct Answer
    A. Foot drop
    Explanation
    Anterior compartment syndrome leads to foot drop due to the compression of the deep fibular nerve. Since the deep fibular nerve innervates tibialis anterior, an important dorsiflexer, injuring this nerve will impair dorsiflexion and cause the foot to drop.

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  • 5. 

    A car strikes a pedestrian on the lateral side of her leg. Following the accident, she has "foot drop". Her foot hangs loosely in plantar flexion when she raises it off the ground. She can still invert her foot, but cannot evert it. She can flex but not extend her toes. Which nerve is most likely to have been crushed in her accident? 

    • Superficial fibular

    • Common fibular

    • Tibial

    • Medial plantar

    • Sciatic

    Correct Answer
    A. Common fibular
    Explanation
    All of these symptoms are consistent with damage to the common fibular nerve, whose branches, the deep and superficial fibular nerves, innervate the anterior and lateral compartments. The anterior compartment is important for dorsiflexion. The loss of eversion suggests that the lateral, everter compartment has been damaged--it is innervated by the superficial fibular nerve.

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  • 6. 

    The most usual site for feeling the pulsations of the dorsalis pedis artery in the foot is: ______

    • Just behind the medial malleolus

    • Just lateral to the tendon of extensor hallucis longus

    • Behind the tendon of fibularis tertius muscle

    • In the second dorsal metatarsal space

    • Just behind the lateral malleolus.

    Correct Answer
    A. Just lateral to the tendon of extensor hallucis longus
    Explanation
    The dorsalis pedis artery is the continuation of the anterior tibial artery. As the artery crosses into the foot, it lies just lateral to the tendon of extensor hallucis longus, so that's where you would feel a pulse.

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  • 7. 

    A worker falls from a height and lands on his feet. Radiographs reveal a fracture of the sustentaculum tali. The muscle passing immediately beneath it that would be adversely affected is the: ___________

    • Fibularis longus

    • Flexor digitorum longus

    • Flexor hallucis longus

    • Tibialis anterior

    • Tibialis posterior

    Correct Answer
    A. Flexor hallucis longus
    Explanation
    The sustentaculum tali is a shelf-like, medial projection of the calcaneus, which supports the talus. The tendon of flexor hallucius longus passes under sustentaculum tali, creating a groove in the bone. So, if the sustenaculum tali was fractured, the tendon of flexor hallucis longus would be displaced from its usual position and the muscle would be affected.

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  • 8. 

    While walking barefoot on the beach in Pattaya following final exams, a medical student steps on a sharp shell which punctures the sole of her foot. She notices that she can no longer spread her toes apart (without using her hands, that is). Which nerve must have been injured? 

    • Deep fibular

    • Lateral plantar

    • Medial plantar

    • Sural

    • Tibial

    Correct Answer
    A. Lateral plantar
    Explanation
    This medical student is unable to abduct her toes--this must mean that her dorsal interosseus muscles are denervated. These dorsal interosseus muscles are innervated by the deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve, so this must be the nerve that was damaged.

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  • 9. 

    A patient has been diagnosed with bone cancer in the fibula that necessitates its removal. Which of the following muscles would be least affected following removal of the fibula?

    • Biceps femoris

    • Extensor digitorum longus

    • Flexor digitorum longus

    • Flexor hallucis longus

    • Peroneus tertius

    Correct Answer
    A. Flexor digitorum longus
    Explanation
    Flexor digitorum longus is the most medial muscle in the deep posterior compartment of the leg. This means that it takes origin from the middle half of the posterior surface of the tibia and is not attached to the fibula in any way.

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  • 10. 

    A patient has stepped on a board with a long nail sticking up from it, and the nail penetrated the patient's foot between the bases of the first and second metatarsals. What artery is most likely injured at this location? 

    • Arcuate

    • Deep plantar

    • Dorsalis pedis

    • Lateral plantar

    • Medial plantar

    Correct Answer
    A. Deep plantar
    Explanation
    The deep plantar artery is a branch of dorsalis pedis, the major artery supplying blood to the dorsum of the foot. The deep plantar artery dives from the dorsum of the foot to the sole of the foot between the two heads of the dorsal interosseous muscle between the first and second toes. It then unites with the lateral plantar artery to form the plantar arterial arch.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Oct 06, 2015
    Quiz Created by
    Permphan
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