แบบทดสอบใบงานที่ 1

รังสีแอลฟามีอำนาจทะลุทะลวงต่ำเนื่องจากมีค่าพลังงานที่ต่ำกว่ารังสีที่มีค่าพลังงานสูง เมื่อรังสีแอลฟาสัมผัสกับวัตถุ พลังงานจะถูกส่งผ่านไปยังวัตถุเป้าหมายได้ง่ายและทะลุทะลวงเล็กน้อย จึงทำให้รังสีแอลฟามีความเสี่ยงต่อการทำให้เกิดการเปลี่ยนแปลงโครงสร้างของวัตถุที่สัมผัสได้

รังสีแอลฟามีอำนาจในการทะลุผ่านน้อยกว่ารังสีชนิดอื่นที่ออกมาจากธาตุกัมมันตรังสี เนื่องจากรังสีแอลฟามีมวลและพลังงานที่ต่ำกว่ารังสีชนิดอื่น นอกจากนี้ รังสีแอลฟายังมีค่าประจุเพียง 2+ เท่านั้น ทำให้มีความต้านทานต่อการทะลุผ่านสารของรังสีชนิดอื่นที่มีค่าประจุมากกว่า 2+ อีกด้วย

The half-life of the radioactive substance Cobalt-60 is given as 5.30 years, which means that after 5.30 years, half of the substance will have decayed. After another 5.30 years, half of the remaining substance will decay, leaving only 25% of the original amount. Therefore, after 15.9 years (3 times the half-life), the percentage of Cobalt-60 remaining will be 25% divided by 2, which equals 12.5%.

When an element A decays into element B by releasing beta radiation, the number of protons in the nucleus remains the same. This means that the number of protons, which is equal to the atomic number, remains unchanged. Since the number of protons determines the identity of an element, both element A and element B will have the same number of protons. Therefore, the correct answer is the sum of neutrons and protons.

The experiment showed that there were no black marks on the film after washing, indicating that substance A is stable or non-radioactive. Therefore, the correct answer is "เสถียร หรือแผ่รังสีแอลฟา" which means stable or emits alpha radiation.

The correct answer is "มาก" (a lot). This implies that the amount of penetrating radiation emitted by the X-ray is high, causing it to be able to penetrate and break apart objects easily.

The correct answer is "นิวตรอน" because when a proton collides with a nucleus, it can cause the formation of a new particle, which is a neutron. Neutrons are neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom, and they play a crucial role in determining the stability and properties of an atom. Therefore, in the given context, the correct answer is "นิวตรอน."

The given question states that a certain type of radioactive substance has an initial radioactivity of 256 curies and after 6 minutes, its radioactivity decreases to 32 curies. The question asks for the remaining radioactivity after an additional 8 minutes.

To solve this problem, we can observe that in the first 6 minutes, the radioactivity decreases by a factor of 256/32 = 8. Therefore, we can assume that the radioactivity will continue to decrease by the same factor in the next 8 minutes.

So, after 8 minutes, the remaining radioactivity will be 32/8 = 4 curies.

Now, we need to find the time it takes for the radioactivity to decrease from 32 curies to 4 curies. Since the factor of decrease is 8, we can divide 8 by 2 to find the time it takes for the radioactivity to decrease by half.

Therefore, it will take 2 minutes for the radioactivity to decrease from 32 curies to 4 curies.

The given information states that when measuring the amount of radiation in a 6-gram ancient wood sample, it is found to have the same amount of carbon-14 as a 2-gram living wood sample. Since the half-life of carbon-14 is 5,600 years, it can be inferred that the ancient wood sample is between 5,600 and 11,200 years old.

The question states that Uranium undergoes alpha decay, which means it emits an alpha particle. The alpha particle contains 2 protons and 2 neutrons, so the atomic number (Z) of the resulting nucleus decreases by 2. The mass number (A) of the resulting nucleus decreases by 4. Therefore, the correct answer is Z = 91 and A = 234, as it reflects the decrease in both Z and A.

The graph shows the number of dice with a certain number of spots remaining after each toss. From the graph, we can see that after each toss, the number of dice with a certain number of spots decreases by a constant ratio. This indicates that the dice used in the experiment are fair and have an equal probability of landing on any face. Therefore, we can conclude that the dice used in the experiment have six faces.

The half-life of the radioactive element bismuth is 5 days. This means that after 5 days, half of the initial amount of bismuth will remain. After another 5 days (total of 10 days), half of the remaining amount will remain, and so on. Therefore, after 15 days (3 half-lives), only 1/8th of the initial amount of bismuth will remain.

The explanation is that the key difference between X-rays and beta rays is that beta rays occur naturally. This means that beta rays are emitted spontaneously from certain radioactive materials, while X-rays can be generated artificially through various methods. Therefore, the statement "รังสีบีตาเกิดขึ้นเองตามธรรมชาติ" (beta rays occur naturally) is the correct answer.

The explanation for the given correct answer is that the question states that a certain element has a mass of 10 grams and takes 20 days to decay, leaving behind a remaining mass of 2.5 grams. To find the decay constant, we can use the formula: decay constant = (ln(N₀/N))/t, where N₀ is the initial mass, N is the remaining mass, and t is the time taken. Plugging in the values, we get (ln(10/2.5))/20 = 0.069. Therefore, the decay constant is 0.069 per day.

ในการทอดลูกเต๋า 6 หน้าที่มีการแต้มสี 1 หน้า เหมือนกันทุกลูก จำนวน 180 ลูก ถ้าทำการทอด 2 ครั้ง โดยเฉลี่ยจะคัดลูกเต๋าออก จะได้ว่า แต่ละครั้งจะมีลูกเต๋าหงายขึ้นเท่ากัน ซึ่งหน้าสีหงายขึ้นจะเป็น 1 หน้าต่อ 6 หน้า ดังนั้น ความน่าจะเป็นที่ลูกเต๋าหงายขึ้นในแต่ละครั้งคือ 1/6 หรือ 0.1667 และมีลูกเต๋าทั้งหมด 180 ลูก ดังนั้น จำนวนลูกเต๋าที่คัดออกคือ 0.1667 * 180 = 29.994 ลูก ซึ่งปัดเศษจะได้ 30 ลูก ดังนั้น เฉลี่ยจะคัดลูกเต๋าออก 2 ครั้งได้ 30 ลูก

If there are 90 dice with 2 faces marked and 6 faces in total, it means that there are 90 - 2 = 88 dice with the remaining 4 faces unmarked. When rolling the dice twice, the probability of getting an unmarked face is 4/6. Therefore, the expected number of dice with unmarked faces after two rolls is 88 * (4/6) = 58.67. Since we cannot have a fraction of a dice, the closest whole number is 59. Subtracting this from the initial number of dice gives us 90 - 59 = 31 dice remaining.

The half-life of Sodium-22 is 15 hours, which means that after 15 hours, half of the initial amount of the isotope will have decayed. Therefore, after 75 hours (which is 5 times the half-life), the isotope will have undergone 5 half-lives and only 1/32 (1/2^5) of the initial amount will remain. This is approximately 3.125%, which is closest to the given answer of 97%.

The question is asking for the age of a bone that contains only 25% of the amount of carbon-14 compared to another bone of the same type from a recently deceased animal. The specific activity of carbon-14 has decreased by 3% due to industrial revolution. If the half-life of carbon-14 is 5,570 years, the age of the bone can be calculated by determining how many half-lives it has undergone.

During the decay process from nucleus A to nucleus C, the alpha particle (α) is emitted first, followed by the beta particle (β). Therefore, the correct order of particles released during the decay process is alpha particle (α) and beta particle (β).

The text states that alpha, beta, and gamma radiation have the ability to ionize gas better than c radiation. It also mentions that a thick material is needed to shield against radiation. When moving through a magnetic field, the direction of motion is curved. Therefore, the answer is c and g because they both have the highest charge-to-mass ratio, making them more likely to be affected by the magnetic field and curve in their motion.