Role Of Pancreas And Liver In The Regulation Of Absorbed Food Substance

1. Insulin and Glucagon are hormones produced by?

Liver

Pancreas

Stomach

Blood cells

Insulin and glucagon are hormones that regulate blood sugar levels. Insulin is produced by the beta cells in the pancreas and helps to lower blood sugar levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells. Glucagon, on the other hand, is produced by alpha cells in the pancreas and helps to raise blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose. Therefore, the correct answer is pancreas.

Explanation

Insulin and glucagon are hormones that regulate blood sugar levels. Insulin is produced by the beta cells in the pancreas and helps to lower blood sugar levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells. Glucagon, on the other hand, is produced by alpha cells in the pancreas and helps to raise blood sugar levels by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose. Therefore, the correct answer is pancreas.

2. When is Insulin needed?

When the blood glucose concentration is high.

When the blood glucose concentration is low.

When the blood glucose concentration is normal.

Insulin is needed when the blood glucose concentration is high because insulin is a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels. When blood glucose levels are high, the pancreas releases insulin to signal cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream, thereby lowering blood sugar levels. Insulin also helps store excess glucose as glycogen in the liver for later use. Therefore, when blood glucose concentration is high, the body requires insulin to bring it back to normal levels and maintain overall glucose homeostasis.

Explanation

Insulin is needed when the blood glucose concentration is high because insulin is a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels. When blood glucose levels are high, the pancreas releases insulin to signal cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream, thereby lowering blood sugar levels. Insulin also helps store excess glucose as glycogen in the liver for later use. Therefore, when blood glucose concentration is high, the body requires insulin to bring it back to normal levels and maintain overall glucose homeostasis.

3. Which of the following is NOT the function of the liver?

Contains sodium bicarbonate(alkaline) which neutralizes the acidic material from the stomach.

Regulates blood glucose concentration.

Plays a role in carbohydrate metabolism.

The liver detoxifies blood from intestines.

The liver performs many important functions in the body, including regulating blood glucose concentration and playing a role in carbohydrate metabolism. It also detoxifies blood from the intestines. However, the liver does not contain sodium bicarbonate to neutralize acidic material from the stomach. This function is performed by the pancreas, which produces and releases bicarbonate ions into the small intestine to neutralize the acidic chyme coming from the stomach.

Explanation

The liver performs many important functions in the body, including regulating blood glucose concentration and playing a role in carbohydrate metabolism. It also detoxifies blood from the intestines. However, the liver does not contain sodium bicarbonate to neutralize acidic material from the stomach. This function is performed by the pancreas, which produces and releases bicarbonate ions into the small intestine to neutralize the acidic chyme coming from the stomach.

4. Which of the following is NOT found in pancreatic juice?

Lipase

Trypsin

Protease

Chymotrypsin

Protease is not found in pancreatic juice. Pancreatic juice contains enzymes that aid in the digestion of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Lipase is an enzyme that helps break down fats, trypsin is an enzyme that breaks down proteins, and chymotrypsin is another protein-digesting enzyme. However, protease is a general term that encompasses enzymes that break down proteins, so it is not specific to pancreatic juice.

Explanation

Protease is not found in pancreatic juice. Pancreatic juice contains enzymes that aid in the digestion of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Lipase is an enzyme that helps break down fats, trypsin is an enzyme that breaks down proteins, and chymotrypsin is another protein-digesting enzyme. However, protease is a general term that encompasses enzymes that break down proteins, so it is not specific to pancreatic juice.

5. Which of the following is false about the regulation of liver?

The liver detoxifies blood from intestines

The liver receives regulatory innervation via hormones in the blood and through the autonomic nervous system.

Ammonia produced by the digestion of proteins is converted to a less toxic compound by the liver.

The liver receives regulatory innervation via hormones in the blood and through the autonomic nervous system. This statement is false because the liver does not receive regulatory innervation through hormones in the blood. Instead, the liver is regulated by the autonomic nervous system, which consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. These nerves control the liver's functions such as glucose metabolism, bile production, and detoxification.

Explanation

The liver receives regulatory innervation via hormones in the blood and through the autonomic nervous system. This statement is false because the liver does not receive regulatory innervation through hormones in the blood. Instead, the liver is regulated by the autonomic nervous system, which consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. These nerves control the liver's functions such as glucose metabolism, bile production, and detoxification.